25 Burst results for "Rhineland"
History That Doesn't Suck
"rhineland" Discussed on History That Doesn't Suck
"Other nations are feeling stepped on as well. Even the big four is Italy. On April 23, 1919, with only days until the Germans are set to arrive and receive this still-not-finished peace treaty, Woodrow Wilson and Georges Clemenceau find common ground, opposing Italy taking the territory of Fiume. Italy's Vittorio Orlando is sick of this American's hypocrisy. The Italian leader announces that he's leaving and further complains that. Now President Wilson, after ignoring and violating his own 14 points, wants to restore their virginity by applying them vigorously where they refer to Italy. And if we're honest, he's right. Woodrow stands firm on self-determination when it comes to Fiume or the Yugoslavs, but is willing to compromise on an independent Arab nation, Germany's former colonies, or other issues important to his closest allies. Indeed, Woodrow is firmly beside David Lloyd George in ignoring pleas from India and Ireland to cast off British rule and become independent nations. Why is that? Perhaps the answer is best illustrated by Woodrow's question to Ray Baker amid concerns that Japan might leave. If Italy remains and Japan goes home, what becomes of the League of Nations? Ah, yes. For Woodrow, this whole conference boils down to the League. As he sees it, any failures on nationalities or borders made now, the League of Nations can sort out in the future. The League's creation then is paramount, even if the idealistic president has to roll in the mud to get it. The text of the treaty comes together much like my students' term papers, just hours before the deadline. I'll give you an overview, but not just yet. We'll let this conference present it to the Germans first. But I warn you, this isn't a pleasant experience. It's 3 p.m., May 7, 1919. We're 10 miles west of Paris, in Versailles, France, at the Trianon Palace Hotel. The peace conference's more than 200 delegates are taking their seats at tables arranged in the same U-shaped layout used at the first session back in January. But this time, there are six new faces among them. Six German faces. They're seated in the room's center, just below the Big Three. Foremost among them is Germany's toothbrush, mustache-wearing Minister of Foreign Affairs, Count Ulrich Brockdorf-Ronsau. The Count shuffles two speeches in his hands. The first is a short, non-committal response to whatever is said here today. The other is longer, mildly defiant. He still hasn't decided which one he'll use. That will depend on how things go. The gavel strikes. Georges Clemenceau opens the meeting by addressing the Germans in a cold tone. The 413-page volume makes a dull thud as it lands on the Germans' table. Georges lays out its colonies, some European territory, reparation payments, as well as an explicit assertion that Germany is entirely at fault for the war, and tells them they have 15 days to submit any questions in writing. With that, he asks if anyone present would like to speak. The Count raises his hand. Georges accepts. The distinguished German picks up his long speech. Defiant it is, then, and it feels all the more defiant as the Count refuses to stand and delivers the message in his gravelly voice. A peace which cannot be defended in the name of justice before the whole world would continually call forth fresh resistance. We will examine the documents submitted to us with all goodwill and in the hope that the final result of our meeting can be subscribed by us all. David Lloyd George snaps his ivory paper knife into fuming. Georges swings down the gavel once more, meeting adjourned. As they walk out, Woodrow turns to David and says, this is the most tactless speech I have ever heard. The Germans are really a stupid people. They always do the wrong thing. The Welsh wizard answers in agreement. It was deplorable that we let him talk. At this same moment, the German Count is stepping outside. He lights up a cigarette on strength and defiance. It is only the people close by that can see. His lips are trembling. With no time to lose, the Germans dive into the treaty. They are appalled at what they find in page tome. It opens with the Covenant creating Woodrow Wilson's pride and joy, the League of Nations, which Germany is not allowed to join. Germany is also to surrender about 10% of its population and territory. Those losses include the Saar Basin and the port city of Danzig, both of which the League of Nations will watch over. West Prussia and Pozen going to a reconstituted and independent Poland. Further territory is going to Belgium, Denmark, and the state of Czechoslovakia, and of course, Alsace-Lorraine, which France has longed to take back since losing the region five decades ago in the Franco-Prussian War. Also, Germany's overseas colonies are becoming League of Nations mandates. As for reparations, Germany will pay. A commission will yet calculate the cost, but that will come to the equivalent of 33 billion US dollars. It's an astronomical figure for the era, one that any experts worth their salt know that Germany can't pay without upsetting the global economy itself. Georges Clemenceau wanted Germany's military neutered. He got it. Germany's navy may not exceed 15,000 sailors and no submarines. The army may not exceed 100,000 men. Various arms are forbidden and Germany may not send its own military into its French bordering Rhineland, which the Allies will also occupy temporarily. Then there's the insult to injury. One is where this treaty is being signed, the Palace of Versailles. As we know from episode 128, this is where the Germans proclaimed the Second Reich. The Germans insulted France by creating their empire in this symbolic place of French power, and now France will debase the Germans in the same place. I mean, karma? But damn. The other deep cut is Article 231, dubbed the responsibility for starting the war. Period. The German delegates are floored. Reading through this and more in the 413-page treaty, Count Ulrich Bockdorff-Ransau declares, this fat volume was quite unnecessary. They could have expressed the whole thing more simply in one clause. Germany surrenders odd claims to its existence. The Count and his colleagues prepare their objections and counter proposals by the end of May. In brief, they denounce the treaty as a violation of the 14 points. While the French are happy to say, sucks to suck, there are many who agree with the Germans. These include the American Relief Administrator, Herbert Hoover, and Secretary of State, Robert Lansing. All the same, the big three only allow small changes. And by June 16th, 1919, the Germans are told they have three days to sign or resume the war. They're then given three extra days until 7 p.m. on the 23rd to get authorization from the German government. Germany's Armistice Commissioner, Matthias Ötzberger, whom we met in the last episode as he tearfully signed the Armistice in the Compiègne Forest, favors signing. He fears Germany won't survive if war resumes. All but broken, the German army feels the same way. Given that, Germany's National Assembly ascents. The Assembly's despondent chairman declares, We commend our unhappy country to the care of a merciful God. At 5.40 p.m., just over an hour until the deadline, the big four receives a note declaring that Germany will sign. Relief fills the room as Georges Clemenceau sends word to Marshal Ferdinand Foch not to resume hostilities on Germany. The war really is over, and it will become official with German signatures in just five days. It's about three in the afternoon, June 28th, 1919. Five years to the day since the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand. As symbolic as the date is our location. The Palace of Versailles, Galerie des Glaces, or Hall of Mirrors. Nearly 50 years ago, German princes came here to Louis XIV's palace, this shrine to France's glory, and in this very 80-yard-long hall proclaimed Wilhelm as emperor of a second German Reich, and days later pressed a humiliating peace upon the French, taking Alsace La Raine. It's a wound the French have never forgotten, but today, as plenipotentiaries make their way through the throngs of reporters and hundreds of chatting guests to reach the horseshoe table in the middle, the shoe is on the other foot. Today, the French celebrate victory at Versailles. The Germans shall play the role of the vanquished. Our French prime minister and peace conference chairman, Georges, the Tiger Clemenceau, glances about as America's Woodrow Wilson and Britain's David Lloyd George take their seats. Ushers then hush the crowd, which goes silent. Standing at the door with Marshal Splendour, the Gardere Publicain place their swords into scabbards with a loud click. The Tiger now roars out his order for the Germans to enter. Accompanied by two escorts, two Germans, Foreign Minister Hermann Müller and Colonial Minister Johann Bell, slowly walk the thin slice of the hall's parquet floor not covered by savonary carpets. The sound of their feet shuffling sends a haunting echo through the room. Thousands of eyes stare at the deathly pale men. Many wonder, how can these defeated souls represent Germany's brutal militarism? They look so human. Georges Clemenceau now opens the meeting. He adds a few more remarks. The escorts then, once more, lead the Germans forward. With the vacant eyes of condemned convicts approaching a guillotine, they advance to a small table on which lies the treaty. Silence and tension fill the room as the Germans stare painfully at the parchment before them. Each takes up a pen. As they sign, every stroke fills them with the weight of crushing national debt, lost lands, and a humiliating acceptance of blame. But now, it's done, and delegates representing this conference's 30-odd nations form a line to add their signatures. From outside, the sound of cannon fire fills the mostly quiet hall. It's a celebratory salute announcing that the Germans have indeed signed the Treaty of Versailles. And then, with surprising rapidity, the last delegate signs, it's all over. As Georges Clemenceau walks out, a man stops him to congratulate him. With tears streaming, the tiger announces joyfully, But as British diplomat Harold Nicholson watches this exchange, he doubts if this is, in fact, a beautiful day. He shares this concern with Marie Murat as she stands by his side. Marie doubts it too. The contrast and frankly foreshadowing captured in that last exchange is so powerful and terrifying. Here we have a relieved Georges Clemenceau who looks at the Treaty of Versailles as justice and righteousness. In his mind, 50 years of wrong is being set a right as France recovers Alsace-Lorraine as those German brutes lose their military might and eat both the blame and cost of this most recent devastating war. But is he right? Or are Harold and Marie right as they look on, wondering if this evisceration of Germany hasn't gone too far? We'll hold that thought. We'll dig deeper here. But first, let's find out if, after all of Woodrow Wilson's work, the U.S. Senate will ratify this treaty. The Republican-leaning Senate has seen notable developments as Woodrow has been working to build his idea of a better world at this six-month peace conference. Perhaps most notable is an event that occurred after Woodrow arrived in Paris but before the first session. On January 6, 1919, the great Rough Rider himself, the former president and likely 1920 presidential candidate, Theodore Roosevelt, passed away in his sleep. We'll bid TR farewell properly in a later episode, but for today's tale, we will only note that he died opposing Woodrow's League of Nations, and his dear friend, Senator Henry Cabot Lodge, has carried that torch in his stead. Meanwhile, the League for the Preservation of American Independence has been questioning how the League of Nations doesn't run contrary to the wisdom of George Washington and Thomas Jefferson, both of whom warned against permanent or entangling alliances. Indeed, as Woodrow puts this treaty before the Senate, concerns over American sovereignty are paramount in his opponents' minds. They ask what implications this League might have over the century-old Monroe doctrine. How might the League impact the United States' ability to make military decisions? For few senators called irreconcilables, no amount of assurances can overcome their concerns. Those deemed mild reservationists, though, are open to it if Woodrow can shore up concerns over American sovereignty. With minor revisions, then, perhaps the president can win them over, as well as the dozens of other senators who remain undecided. True to form, the idealist president will not entertain any revisions. This treaty must be ratified as is, and he will not see the League of Nations watered down. Months pass as the Senate battles, but still, Woodrow holds his ground. He decides to take the fight out of the halls of the Capitol and into the hearts of the American people. In September 1919, Woodrow boards his seven-car presidential train, called the Mayflower, and embarks on a national tour. He stops as often as possible, sometimes giving two or three speeches a day, and, well, you know our professorial president. None of these addresses are short. He's not feeling physically well, but it's working. Giving some 40 speeches over 21 days, he's winning over the nation's citizenry. On September 25th, Woodrow stands firm in his unwillingness to revise the treaty's League of Nations Covenant, telling a crowd of 3,000 in Pueblo, Colorado, we have got to adopt it or reject it. Woodrow returns to his train car with a terrible headache. He has a lot of those these days. Dr. Cary Grayson recommends a walk, so the train stops about 20 miles outside of Pueblo, while Woodrow strolls through the Colorado countryside. Along the road, he encounters a veteran doughboy and his family on their porch. It's a nice visit. Woodrow returns to his train, and they continue down the tracks. Late that night, Woodrow calls for his wife, Edith. Sitting in a chair, he says that the headache is back. It's excruciating. He coughs, complains that the walls are closing in. His face twitches. His ever-faithful presidential physician, Dr. Grayson, is soon there, insisting that they cancel the rest of the tour. But Woodrow can't. He must speak to the people. He insists that he must save the League of Nations. When the doctor tries to talk Woodrow out of continuing the tour again in the morning, the president fires back. Don't you see that if you cancel this trip, Senator Lodge and his friends will say that I am a quitter and the treaty will be lost. But even Woodrow's iron will can't overcome the frailties of being a mere mortal. Something is wrong. And finally, he relents to his wife, doctor, and others. They return to the White House, but it won't be long before things get worse. It's about 8 45 a.m. October 2, 1919. We're at the White House in Washington, D.C., where Edith Wilson's just waking up. Again, the First Lady's had a rather restless night, getting up every hour or two to check on her husband over and over. Then again, it's been like that for a while. Edith thinks of last month's national tour as one long nightmare. But as she walks toward Woodrow's room this morning, she's comforted that things have been a touch better in the few days since they returned to the Executive Mansion. Last night, Woodrow even managed to play billiards, watch a movie, and read some scripture. He did forget his watch going to bed, which was unusual for him, but Edith laughed it off. He's always forgetting things. But now, stepping into her husband's room, Edith is utterly unprepared for what she sees. Seated at the edge of the bed, Woodrow is desperately attempting to grab a water bottle. His left hand is completely limp. Helpless, Woodrow addresses his wife, I have no feeling in that hand. Will you rub it? But first, help me to the bathroom. Edith dutifully supports her husband as he staggers. Tara grips the First Lady as she can feel Woodrow's body spasming in pain with every step. Reaching the presidential bathroom, Edith guides, then stabilizes Woodrow. She asks him if he can handle her stepping away long enough to call for their tireless doctor and friend, Dr. Cary Grayson. Woodrow says he can. But Edith can't use the phone in the nearby bedroom. She's heard rumors that people eavesdrop on that line, and Woodrow would never want the public to know about his current condition. With this in mind, the First Lady dashes down the hall to a private phone, answered by the presidential couple's longtime usher, Ike Hoover. Ike picks up, and Edith softly but firmly instructs him, please get Dr. Grayson. The president is very sick. But before she can even hang up, Edith hears something from the bathroom. She rushes back to find her husband, the esteemed Princeton professor turned President of the United States, unconscious on the bathroom floor. Woodrow survives the stroke. It does, however, leave the president paralyzed on his left side and confined to his room. More than that, he's not the man he was before. Dr. Grayson and Edith decide to keep the full extent of his illness to themselves. With Woodrow out of the public scene, though, the Senate is able to make changes to the treaty. The idealistic president recovers enough to push back by November, and answers that he will not accept any of the Senate's amendments to the treaty. In the weeks following, Woodrow learns that, as the author of the Fourteen Points and founder of the League of Nations, he's won the Nobel Peace Prize for 1919. Yet, ironically, it becomes clear in falling months, in March of 1920, that the U.S. Senate will not be ratifying the Treaty of Versailles. Instead, the U.S. will work out separate treaties with Germany as well as with Austria and Hungary. That's right. After all that work to create and promote it, Woodrow will not see his own nation join his beloved League of Nations. Coming to the end of our tale, let's reflect and take in the big picture. The Paris Peace Conference of 1919 faced a truly onerous task. How do some 30 nations from across the globe create a peace after the most destructive, unparalleled war in human history? That's a tall order. Perhaps we should be surprised that the Big Three managed to produce anything at all, especially with the bad blood between Georges Clemenceau and Woodrow Wilson. Georges did not like Woodrow. In case I failed to convey Georges' distaste for Woodrow, let me quote the tiger on the American president in his Fourteen Points. Ooh, biting, as was the peace conference chairman's jab at both Woodrow and David Lloyd George that made all of Paris chuckle. I find myself between Jesus Christ on the one hand and Napoleon Bonaparte on the other. As for David Lloyd George, he had his witticisms too, saying of Georges Clemenceau that he loved France but hated Frenchmen. Yet, somehow, between Woodrow's idealism, Georges' drive to safeguard France from another German attack and make the Germans pay, and all the complications of the British government's contradictory implications and promises in the Middle East, and the Welsh wizard somehow pragmatically riding the space between them, they produced a treaty. But a highly problematic treaty. Further conferences and other treaties will shape the post-Ottoman Middle East, but as we saw, the Treaty of Versailles Article 22 planted its seeds with the League of Nations mandate system. From the Middle East to Africa and the Pacific, these mandates will function less as the tutoring and developmental system of which Woodrow dreamed, and more as the latest iteration of imperialism. Then we come to the heart of the treaty's focus. Germany. When I think about the soul-crushing terms that the Treaty of Versailles imposed on Germany in 1919, my mind always goes back to the last time war-torn Europe made peace at the Congress of Vienna in 1815. I told you about this brilliant peacemaking in episode 128. Let's recall that, at Vienna, the other four great powers of Europe chose not to punish the French for Napoleon Bonaparte's conquest, nor overly fear a resurgent France. Instead, they dealt rather generously with France and established a concert system that brought the continent relative peace for a century. The Treaty of Versailles does the opposite. Frankly, between the 1918 Armistice signing and Marshal Ferdinand Foch's train carriage and this treaty's signing in the Hall of Mirrors, the Germans felt every intentional humiliation, not the least of which was the Versailles Treaty's Article 231 war guilt clause. It's hard not to wonder to what extent these harsh conditions and insults added to the sense of betrayal Germans felt toward their own government with the war's sudden reversal and end, as we saw in today's opening, helped pave the sinister path down which young corporal Adolf Hitler will soon drag the world. Politicians, policy wonks, historians, and more will long debate the failures of the 1919 Treaty of Versailles. For some in the 21st century, it will become the explanation for many of the worst events in the 20th century and even our present, ranging from World War II to wars and conflicts in the Middle East. But for all the treaty's failures, I have to agree with Professor Margaret MacMillan, the brilliant author of the book Paris 1919. After acknowledging all these same failings, she reminds us that none of the 20th century's evils, even Hitler, was guaranteed or foreordained by the Treaty of Versailles. And finally, well, to quote her directly, if they could have done much better, they certainly could have done much worse. They tried, even cynical old Clemenceau, to build a better order. They could not foresee the future and they certainly could not control it. That was up to their successors. htbspodcast.com htbspodcast.com htbspodcast.com Join me in two weeks, where I'd like to tell you a story.
History That Doesn't Suck
"rhineland" Discussed on History That Doesn't Suck
"Other nations are feeling stepped on as well. Even the big four is Italy. On April 23, 1919, with only days until the Germans are set to arrive and receive this still-not-finished peace treaty, Woodrow Wilson and Georges Clemenceau find common ground, opposing Italy taking the territory of Fiume. Italy's Vittorio Orlando is sick of this American's hypocrisy. The Italian leader announces that he's leaving and further complains that. Now President Wilson, after ignoring and violating his own 14 points, wants to restore their virginity by applying them vigorously where they refer to Italy. And if we're honest, he's right. Woodrow stands firm on self-determination when it comes to Fiume or the Yugoslavs, but is willing to compromise on an independent Arab nation, Germany's former colonies, or other issues important to his closest allies. Indeed, Woodrow is firmly beside David Lloyd George in ignoring pleas from India and Ireland to cast off British rule and become independent nations. Why is that? Perhaps the answer is best illustrated by Woodrow's question to Ray Baker amid concerns that Japan might leave. If Italy remains and Japan goes home, what becomes of the League of Nations? Ah, yes. For Woodrow, this whole conference boils down to the League. As he sees it, any failures on nationalities or borders made now, the League of Nations can sort out in the future. The League's creation then is paramount, even if the idealistic president has to roll in the mud to get it. The text of the treaty comes together much like my students' term papers, just hours before the deadline. I'll give you an overview, but not just yet. We'll let this conference present it to the Germans first. But I warn you, this isn't a pleasant experience. It's 3 p.m., May 7, 1919. We're 10 miles west of Paris, in Versailles, France, at the Trianon Palace Hotel. The peace conference's more than 200 delegates are taking their seats at tables arranged in the same U-shaped layout used at the first session back in January. But this time, there are six new faces among them. Six German faces. They're seated in the room's center, just below the Big Three. Foremost among them is Germany's toothbrush, mustache-wearing Minister of Foreign Affairs, Count Ulrich Brockdorf-Ronsau. The Count shuffles two speeches in his hands. The first is a short, non-committal response to whatever is said here today. The other is longer, mildly defiant. He still hasn't decided which one he'll use. That will depend on how things go. The gavel strikes. Georges Clemenceau opens the meeting by addressing the Germans in a cold tone. The 413-page volume makes a dull thud as it lands on the Germans' table. Georges lays out its colonies, some European territory, reparation payments, as well as an explicit assertion that Germany is entirely at fault for the war, and tells them they have 15 days to submit any questions in writing. With that, he asks if anyone present would like to speak. The Count raises his hand. Georges accepts. The distinguished German picks up his long speech. Defiant it is, then, and it feels all the more defiant as the Count refuses to stand and delivers the message in his gravelly voice. A peace which cannot be defended in the name of justice before the whole world would continually call forth fresh resistance. We will examine the documents submitted to us with all goodwill and in the hope that the final result of our meeting can be subscribed by us all. David Lloyd George snaps his ivory paper knife into fuming. Georges swings down the gavel once more, meeting adjourned. As they walk out, Woodrow turns to David and says, this is the most tactless speech I have ever heard. The Germans are really a stupid people. They always do the wrong thing. The Welsh wizard answers in agreement. It was deplorable that we let him talk. At this same moment, the German Count is stepping outside. He lights up a cigarette on strength and defiance. It is only the people close by that can see. His lips are trembling. With no time to lose, the Germans dive into the treaty. They are appalled at what they find in page tome. It opens with the Covenant creating Woodrow Wilson's pride and joy, the League of Nations, which Germany is not allowed to join. Germany is also to surrender about 10% of its population and territory. Those losses include the Saar Basin and the port city of Danzig, both of which the League of Nations will watch over. West Prussia and Pozen going to a reconstituted and independent Poland. Further territory is going to Belgium, Denmark, and the state of Czechoslovakia, and of course, Alsace-Lorraine, which France has longed to take back since losing the region five decades ago in the Franco-Prussian War. Also, Germany's overseas colonies are becoming League of Nations mandates. As for reparations, Germany will pay. A commission will yet calculate the cost, but that will come to the equivalent of 33 billion US dollars. It's an astronomical figure for the era, one that any experts worth their salt know that Germany can't pay without upsetting the global economy itself. Georges Clemenceau wanted Germany's military neutered. He got it. Germany's navy may not exceed 15,000 sailors and no submarines. The army may not exceed 100,000 men. Various arms are forbidden and Germany may not send its own military into its French bordering Rhineland, which the Allies will also occupy temporarily. Then there's the insult to injury. One is where this treaty is being signed, the Palace of Versailles. As we know from episode 128, this is where the Germans proclaimed the Second Reich. The Germans insulted France by creating their empire in this symbolic place of French power, and now France will debase the Germans in the same place. I mean, karma? But damn. The other deep cut is Article 231, dubbed the responsibility for starting the war. Period. The German delegates are floored. Reading through this and more in the 413-page treaty, Count Ulrich Bockdorff-Ransau declares, this fat volume was quite unnecessary. They could have expressed the whole thing more simply in one clause. Germany surrenders odd claims to its existence. The Count and his colleagues prepare their objections and counter proposals by the end of May. In brief, they denounce the treaty as a violation of the 14 points. While the French are happy to say, sucks to suck, there are many who agree with the Germans. These include the American Relief Administrator, Herbert Hoover, and Secretary of State, Robert Lansing. All the same, the big three only allow small changes. And by June 16th, 1919, the Germans are told they have three days to sign or resume the war. They're then given three extra days until 7 p.m. on the 23rd to get authorization from the German government. Germany's Armistice Commissioner, Matthias Ötzberger, whom we met in the last episode as he tearfully signed the Armistice in the Compiègne Forest, favors signing. He fears Germany won't survive if war resumes. All but broken, the German army feels the same way. Given that, Germany's National Assembly ascents. The Assembly's despondent chairman declares, We commend our unhappy country to the care of a merciful God. At 5.40 p.m., just over an hour until the deadline, the big four receives a note declaring that Germany will sign. Relief fills the room as Georges Clemenceau sends word to Marshal Ferdinand Foch not to resume hostilities on Germany. The war really is over, and it will become official with German signatures in just five days. It's about three in the afternoon, June 28th, 1919. Five years to the day since the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand. As symbolic as the date is our location. The Palace of Versailles, Galerie des Glaces, or Hall of Mirrors. Nearly 50 years ago, German princes came here to Louis XIV's palace, this shrine to France's glory, and in this very 80-yard-long hall proclaimed Wilhelm as emperor of a second German Reich, and days later pressed a humiliating peace upon the French, taking Alsace La Raine. It's a wound the French have never forgotten, but today, as plenipotentiaries make their way through the throngs of reporters and hundreds of chatting guests to reach the horseshoe table in the middle, the shoe is on the other foot. Today, the French celebrate victory at Versailles. The Germans shall play the role of the vanquished. Our French prime minister and peace conference chairman, Georges, the Tiger Clemenceau, glances about as America's Woodrow Wilson and Britain's David Lloyd George take their seats. Ushers then hush the crowd, which goes silent. Standing at the door with Marshal Splendour, the Gardere Publicain place their swords into scabbards with a loud click. The Tiger now roars out his order for the Germans to enter. Accompanied by two escorts, two Germans, Foreign Minister Hermann Müller and Colonial Minister Johann Bell, slowly walk the thin slice of the hall's parquet floor not covered by savonary carpets. The sound of their feet shuffling sends a haunting echo through the room. Thousands of eyes stare at the deathly pale men. Many wonder, how can these defeated souls represent Germany's brutal militarism? They look so human. Georges Clemenceau now opens the meeting. He adds a few more remarks. The escorts then, once more, lead the Germans forward. With the vacant eyes of condemned convicts approaching a guillotine, they advance to a small table on which lies the treaty. Silence and tension fill the room as the Germans stare painfully at the parchment before them. Each takes up a pen. As they sign, every stroke fills them with the weight of crushing national debt, lost lands, and a humiliating acceptance of blame. But now, it's done, and delegates representing this conference's 30-odd nations form a line to add their signatures. From outside, the sound of cannon fire fills the mostly quiet hall. It's a celebratory salute announcing that the Germans have indeed signed the Treaty of Versailles. And then, with surprising rapidity, the last delegate signs, it's all over. As Georges Clemenceau walks out, a man stops him to congratulate him. With tears streaming, the tiger announces joyfully, But as British diplomat Harold Nicholson watches this exchange, he doubts if this is, in fact, a beautiful day. He shares this concern with Marie Murat as she stands by his side. Marie doubts it too. The contrast and frankly foreshadowing captured in that last exchange is so powerful and terrifying. Here we have a relieved Georges Clemenceau who looks at the Treaty of Versailles as justice and righteousness. In his mind, 50 years of wrong is being set a right as France recovers Alsace-Lorraine as those German brutes lose their military might and eat both the blame and cost of this most recent devastating war. But is he right? Or are Harold and Marie right as they look on, wondering if this evisceration of Germany hasn't gone too far? We'll hold that thought. We'll dig deeper here. But first, let's find out if, after all of Woodrow Wilson's work, the U.S. Senate will ratify this treaty. The Republican-leaning Senate has seen notable developments as Woodrow has been working to build his idea of a better world at this six-month peace conference. Perhaps most notable is an event that occurred after Woodrow arrived in Paris but before the first session. On January 6, 1919, the great Rough Rider himself, the former president and likely 1920 presidential candidate, Theodore Roosevelt, passed away in his sleep. We'll bid TR farewell properly in a later episode, but for today's tale, we will only note that he died opposing Woodrow's League of Nations, and his dear friend, Senator Henry Cabot Lodge, has carried that torch in his stead. Meanwhile, the League for the Preservation of American Independence has been questioning how the League of Nations doesn't run contrary to the wisdom of George Washington and Thomas Jefferson, both of whom warned against permanent or entangling alliances. Indeed, as Woodrow puts this treaty before the Senate, concerns over American sovereignty are paramount in his opponents' minds. They ask what implications this League might have over the century-old Monroe doctrine. How might the League impact the United States' ability to make military decisions? For few senators called irreconcilables, no amount of assurances can overcome their concerns. Those deemed mild reservationists, though, are open to it if Woodrow can shore up concerns over American sovereignty. With minor revisions, then, perhaps the president can win them over, as well as the dozens of other senators who remain undecided. True to form, the idealist president will not entertain any revisions. This treaty must be ratified as is, and he will not see the League of Nations watered down. Months pass as the Senate battles, but still, Woodrow holds his ground. He decides to take the fight out of the halls of the Capitol and into the hearts of the American people. In September 1919, Woodrow boards his seven-car presidential train, called the Mayflower, and embarks on a national tour. He stops as often as possible, sometimes giving two or three speeches a day, and, well, you know our professorial president. None of these addresses are short. He's not feeling physically well, but it's working. Giving some 40 speeches over 21 days, he's winning over the nation's citizenry. On September 25th, Woodrow stands firm in his unwillingness to revise the treaty's League of Nations Covenant, telling a crowd of 3,000 in Pueblo, Colorado, we have got to adopt it or reject it. Woodrow returns to his train car with a terrible headache. He has a lot of those these days. Dr. Cary Grayson recommends a walk, so the train stops about 20 miles outside of Pueblo, while Woodrow strolls through the Colorado countryside. Along the road, he encounters a veteran doughboy and his family on their porch. It's a nice visit. Woodrow returns to his train, and they continue down the tracks.
The Hugh Hewitt Show: Highly Concentrated
"rhineland" Discussed on The Hugh Hewitt Show: Highly Concentrated
"Welcome back America. I'm Hugh Hewitt. Senator Tom Cotton represents the great state of Arkansas. Good morning, Senator. How are you? Good morning, Hugh. I'm good. It's good to be back on with you. Thank you. I have a very small question brought to my attention by a retired Marine Corps general officer last night. From the fall of the wall until now, we have gone through a bad war in Serbia that Bill Clinton ran did not see 9-11 coming. We executed poorly in Afghanistan, disastrously after 20 years. We executed poorly in Iraq. Then we were followed by Barack Obama's disaster in Libya, disaster in Syria, disaster in Iraq, leading to ISIS, the second, the first invasion of Ukraine. Then we had the second invasion of Ukraine. And our 2006 national security strategy under Debea did not have any strategic vision. Why can we be so bad at this? And this is not a Republican or a Democrat question. It's an American question. We have not had any strategic vision since the wall came down. Why? Hugh, it reminds me of something that Bob Gates famously said in testimony in front of Congress, I believe after he left the secretary of defense. But, you know, our record on predicting and planning for the next war has been perfect. Going back at least since Vietnam, if not World War Two, we have never gotten it right. And you're right that too often, especially since the wall came down, that leaders in both parties do not have the foresight, the basic appreciation of the context of geography and history and our constitutional system to proceed who would have been our major challenge. For instance, with China, you know, going back to Tiananmen Square in 1989, would that George H.W. Bush had taken a firmer line there, used it to undermine communist story in that country. And that both parties, George H.W. Bush, Bill Clinton, George W. Bush, and partners in Congress had not empowered China by giving them first permanent most favored nation status and second entry into the World Trade Organization, which has powered them not only to expand their military, but as often almost always happens, once a growing power economy takes off to grow their military as well. So there's been a lot of mistakes made over the last 30 years. But we made those mistakes based on poor choices, not based on inevitable trends, or forces beyond human control. And therefore we can reverse them in reverse in effect by making the right choices doing things like rapidly and significantly rebuilding our defenses to prepare for a potential war against China and therefore hopefully to deter that war, or to signal to China that we're not going to let them get away with something like invading and annexing Taiwan back to the mainland. That kind of firm, quick, resolute response to any kind of aggression coming from China is the best way to deter war from happening in the first place. So the general obliviousness of America to a pending disaster. I mean, we didn't see Pearl Harbor coming. We didn't see Korea coming. And that's MacArthur, Acheson, George Marshall, and Harry Truman didn't see Korea coming. We stumbled into Vietnam and the Kennedy best and brightest didn't see that killing DM would result in what happened, five more years of disastrous war under Democrats and two under Nixon. And then all this, did we give up studying strategy in the American military? Why are we bad at this? Well, Hugh, I wouldn't lay it at the feet primarily of the American military, military leadership. I would lay it at the feet of America's political leadership. Just to take the example of Vietnam, for instance, that war did not have to become an American war. It could have been a war where we supported our partners in South Vietnam. John F. Kennedy made two key mistakes early in the war. He cited one of them, allowing them to be overthrown and assassinated. He was certainly not a member of the Little Sisters of the Poor, but he was pro American and he was the best leader South Vietnam had against communist aggression. But second, he also enabled what became the Ho Chi Minh trail by being so soft with Russia and North Vietnam and Laos early in his presidency. That war never had to become an American war the way it became from 1965 to roughly 1971. That's the result not of military failure. That's a result of poor political statesmanship. Let me pause on that. I just finished reading this biography of Nimitz, E.B. Potter's biography of Nimitz. It's fabulous. I've never even knew anything about Chester Nimitz other than he ran the Pacific war along with MacArthur. And he was trained in the Hard Knocks School of Realism. Learn a disaster occurs. You immediately have an inquiry like the Battle of Lady Golf where it was Bo Halsey, et cetera, and then you correct and you move forward. Kabul, this book about Afghanistan, the exit. We learned nothing in 20 years, Senator Cotton, and you served there. Why could we not learn anything in 20 years in Afghanistan? Well, I mean, some of this goes back to your initial point, what, you know, Bill Rood, who you may have known in his years down at Claremont in your time in Southern California, called the Democratic strategic deficit, not just America, but countries like Great Britain, in particular World War I and World War II. You know, our societies are not organized along martial lines. They don't appeal to force to resolve disputes in the same way that dictatorships do, like China today, Russia today, Russia, Russia almost always, Iran. And therefore most peoples and therefore their leaders are focused on the pursuits of peace, of commerce, of earning a living, of family, of community. And therefore their leaders tend to be focused on that as well. And they don't focus on gathering dangers over the horizon, as opposed to aggressive dictatorial nations. When that's the way of life you have at home, it tends to concentrate the mind abroad as well. But it's a common, unfortunately, it's a common recurrence throughout history, especially throughout the history of democracies is that they don't see the next war coming, or even if they see the next war coming, they'd rather just push it off one more time and hope that it doesn't come. I mean, just think all the chances that France, but especially Great Britain had from 1923 to 1939 to stop World War II, or at least make it much less bloody and less protracted than it was, you know, whether it was the Ruhr crisis or the Abyssinian crisis, the remilitarization of the Rhineland, even the Sudeten crisis, much better to have fought over Czechoslovakia in 1938 than it was to fight over Poland in 1939. Yet, Great Britain's leaders, not just network Chamberlain, but most leaders kept thinking if we just give them one more concession, turn one more blind eye to their aggression, this will satiate them. This will be the end of the conflict, when in reality, it simply empowers them. And I feel that's what Joe Biden and his administration is doing today in China. I mean, they have Gino Raimondo over in China this week, kowtowing to Beijing, giving them every kind of concession and accommodation possible. All that does is embolden Xi and Chinese communists. Now, with that long runway, I want to turn to the debate on Wednesday night. I know you're not aligned with anyone. You're not endorsing anyone. You're following the race closely and offering advice. And I'm sure you'll send a copy of Only the Strong to every candidate who requests it, probably autograph it for him, underline it for him. That's Tom Cotton's book on defense. What did you make of that debate? And in particular, the first question about the song Rich Men North of Richmond would have allowed a candidate to go anywhere. Nobody went to Afghanistan. Nobody talked about the second anniversary of the collapse at all. I mean, it was kind of remarkable for two hours that no Republican brought up Joe Biden much.
The Hugh Hewitt Show: Highly Concentrated
"rhineland" Discussed on The Hugh Hewitt Show: Highly Concentrated
"Through hardship, you persevere. Through toil and sweat, you succeed, you dedicate years to fulfilling the calling on your life. Why do you go to such lengths? Because you are born with a purpose. You are a Christian leader with a desire to change this world. As a student and graduate of regent university, you will gain the education that will prepare you to lead in such a time as this. Say yes to your purpose, visit regent dot EDU slash learn more. Welcome to today's podcast sponsored by hillsdale college, all things hilltown hilldale dot EDU. I encourage you to take advantage of the many free online courses there. And of course, I'll listen to the hillsdale dialogs, all of them at Hugh for hillsdale dot com or just Google Apple iTunes and hilldale. Morning glory, America, banjo high Kennedy, you're at live from studio west for the last time for the rest of the year. Maybe I'll come back in December before the end of the year, but going back to the beltway tomorrow, I had my last day of class yesterday wonderful two classes. I mean, I really got the ultimate compliment leaving class. This was such a great class professor. It's really more about life than constitutional law. And I said, that's wonderful. That's just great, because what I also teach amount of practice law, which is something most law professors are inept because they haven't practiced law. And my constitutional laws sound. I don't push politics on them, but I do encourage them to learn how to lawyer. And I think there's constitutional literacy and there's constitutional ability, and you've got to be at least the former before you can get to the second and more importantly, you've got to be professionals. If you're going to come out and represent our law school and be a product of my client, I just want people to be professional. And they are. So it's a good semester done. Of course, they'll hate me after the final exam because I am notoriously tough on final exams, but they like me at the end of class and I like them. Now let's go to the bad news. Lesson first as the old Baltimore catechism used to say. Lesson first, we are in a conflict with China, and it's a deadly one. We're in 1937. If you don't know what that means, go read William Manchester's alone, the second volume in his three volume series on Churchill from 1932 to 19 38. And Hitler comes to power in January of 33 and very quickly thereafter Churchill is on to him. And on to what they're doing. And in plain sight, they rearmed, and then they became aggressive in the Rhineland, and then it just went downhill and millions of people ended up dead because the allied powers did not take seriously the opportunity to deter what Hitler was doing. Where in 1937, and there's a genocide underway in China of the Uyghur people and a massive military buildup and there is no doubt about what they're doing. And it ought to be lesson first. We are in a deadly conflict with China. Today's Financial Times has two stories. China is building a sophisticated cyber weapon to seize control of enemy satellites, rendering them useless for data signals or surveillance during wartime. According to a leaked U.S. intelligence report. The U.S. assesses that China's push to develop capability to not exploit or hijack enemy satellites as a core part of its goal to control information which Beijing considers to be a key warfighting domain. The CIA marked document was issued this year and has not been previously reported with one of dozens, allegedly shared by the 21 year old U.S. air guardman. The cyber capability on this nature would far exceed anything Russia is deployed in Ukraine where electronic warfare teams have taken a brute force approach with little effect. So look, that's a mortal threat to our deterrence capability. I assume we are working on the counter countermeasure, but I don't know. I'm actually not unhappy that this some of these documents came out if they didn't have any secrets in them. The public should be aware. This is what happened in Great Britain from 32 to 37 is the government lied about what was going on. The government did not come true. Now that did not happen in the Trump era, there were a series of 5 speeches, vice president Pence, attorney general Barr, FBI director ray, national security adviser O'Brien, and then Secretary of State Mike Pompeo, gave a series of 5 speeches, articulating what the Chinese Communist Party had begun and what they were doing. And that's been dropped by this regime, and we have the Biden administration is feckless. And principled, willowy, double minded. Every time the president says something about Taiwan, someone leaks to someone that he didn't mean it. It's incoherent. President, by the way, I'll come back to that. China's foreign minister warns against interference in Taiwan. That's directed at us. Directed it at people like speaker McCarthy, meeting with the president of Taiwan at the Reagan library two weeks ago..
The Hugh Hewitt Show: Highly Concentrated
Urgent Warning: Deadly Conflict With China
"We are in a conflict with China, and it's a deadly one. We're in 1937. If you don't know what that means, go read William Manchester's alone, the second volume in his three volume series on Churchill from 1932 to 19 38. And Hitler comes to power in January of 33 and very quickly thereafter Churchill is on to him. And on to what they're doing. And in plain sight, they rearmed, and then they became aggressive in the Rhineland, and then it just went downhill and millions of people ended up dead because the allied powers did not take seriously the opportunity to deter what Hitler was doing. Where in 1937, and there's a genocide underway in China of the Uyghur people and a massive military buildup and there is no doubt about what they're doing. And it ought to be lesson first. We are in a deadly conflict with China.
The Charlie Kirk Show
"rhineland" Discussed on The Charlie Kirk Show
"Let me just conclude the argument I was making and I want to dive deeper into the Ukrainian Russian situation and ask the question, if we were even to win the proxy war, what are you going to do at the country? Do you really want to be in charge of a place like Ukraine? That's a very, very simple question. So we'll be careful for what you want. It would be called a pyrrhic victory, which is a victory that inflicts such a devastating toll on the Victor that it's basically a defeat. Similar to Afghanistan or Iraq. Okay, but we talk about World War II, way too much. And I'm guilty of this. I talk about Churchill all the time. I talk about D-Day. I talk about Pearl Harbor. And I think there's a lot of reasons for this. I think World War II is legitimately one of the most incredible, one of the most dramatic, multi continent, multiplayer, good versus evil moments. In all of geopolitical and military history, really nothing comes close to it. World War I was an awful war. It was messy, it was dirty, lots of casualties, chemical weapons, trench warfare, World War II was obviously messy too. It's not that one war was messy, one wasn't the other, but World War II had public dynamic players of from Stalin to Mussolini to Hitler to Franklin Delano Roosevelt, the Churchill, mean you have almost a central casting there that makes it very interesting, easy to track unlimited amounts of movies have been made about it, books, research papers, people talk about it a lot. So but not everything that happens today can be accurately compared to what happened in World War II. So and this is really important because NATO and the post World War II order was an outgrowth of what happened in the late 1930s and early 1940s. One of which, which is very important, is this idea of deterrence and trying to never appease the person that you hate. And let me be very clear, Hitler was someone you should never, ever get close to appeasement with. That was the right strategy. But Putin is not him. He just isn't. Yes, he's a bad person. No, he's not even close. Not even in the same realm, not even the same dimension. Of the evil that we saw in the attempted rise the Third Reich in the 1930s and it's a sloppy comparison and they use it to try to get themselves power. Now they say, well, Charlie, you know, Adolf Hitler wanted to recombine the former Rhineland, the former German, the German lands in German speaking people, doesn't put in one of the same thing. That doesn't make him unique. Almost every leader that gets into power wants to try to combine lens they think that is theirs. Okay? Wants to do it right now in China? Heck, America, we fought lands over our territories, two of things that we thought were ours. I want to play a piece of tape here of mur scheimer, a professor who played this a couple of times on our program and he accurately predicted 6 years ago why we should not get involved in Ukraine and Russia. And again, if you are in support of giving zelensky money, if you are in support of the war in Ukraine, I want you to send me an email freedom at Charlie Kirk dot com and tell me why, but you're not allowed to reference World War II. Give me a moral or historical argument without mentioning World War II..
Real Dictators
"rhineland" Discussed on Real Dictators
"By late 1937, relations between Germany and the west have deteriorated. The Berlin Olympics is in the past. Hitler is up to his old tricks. The anti Jewish Nuremberg laws have caused outrage abroad. In the Rhineland, the armed forces of the Third Reich of advance to the border with France and the Low Countries. Not a shot has been fired in opposition. Germany has fast becoming a militarized state. One in search of a conflict. The Wehrmacht is over half a million strong. Conscription has been introduced. Hundreds of tanks, planes, battleships, and U boats are being manufactured. Hitler's long-term goal has told in mein kampf is expansion in the east, the acquisition of lebensraum, living space, land and resources for his people, his volk. But to avoid a war on two fronts, he knows he'll need to neutralize Britain and France. Ideally through their acquiescence. Failing that he will clobber the French with a lightning war, a blitzkrieg. John curator is a military historian and a former U.S. Marine Corps officer. Hitler has to get France out of the way because if it goes into Russia, he's got this monkey on his back, I use that term of France and to a certain extent Great Britain. Germany lives in a bad neighborhood. She's got clowns to the left of her jokers to the right and she's stuck in the middle to steal a call from steelers wheel. And so she has to deal with this geographic quagmire that she is stuck in. So she got a neutralized and then pushed to the east to get the libs from and to get rid of the to use their term to untermensch, the lesser peoples that are there. And so this taking of France makes a lot of sense. Not all her enthusiastic. Field marshal Verna von blomberg, minister for war is lukewarm. The army's commander in chief made you general vanna von Fritz reminds the Führer that French military capability still exceeds that of Nazi Germany. And as for Britain, at sea, the Royal Navy reigns supreme points out admiral Ryder. But Hitler will brook no dissent. A general should behave, he says, like a butcher's dog who has to be held fast by the collar because it threatens to attack anyone in sight. The German military machine must be at full strength by 1941. In London, the quaint notion persists at Nazi Germany can be persuaded to behave like a responsible neighbor. And the optimism comes in the shape of the new prime minister. The conservative MP for Birmingham edge briston, Neville Chamberlain, has succeeded Stanley Baldwin. Baldwin resigned in the wake of the abdication crisis. When Edward VIII relinquished the throne, Chamberlain had been a critic of misses Simpson, Edward still married mistress. An unscrupulous woman, as he called her. The affair and privately their pro Nazi sympathies had made the new king's position untenable. Chamberlain is 69 years old, with the demeanor of a put upon headmaster, but he's no fool. As Chancellor of the exchequer, he had quietly increased the budget of the Royal Air force. Believing it to be key to his island's survival. But his approach does remain one of accommodation. Alongside rearmament, he wants better relations with Germany and Italy. Hitler likes this new mood music. Anthony Eden, foreign secretary approved less forgiving. Perhaps they can be conciliation after all. It is Hermann Göring, who spots the opening. Eden's new adviser, lord Halifax, is an old diplomatic pro. He's also a keen Huntsman, master at the Middleton hounds. The Germans have dubbed him, lord tally Ho facts. What better way for a couple of chapters to bond than over a spot of shooting? Goring invites Halifax to his Prussian estate, Karen hall. Halifax has had a distinguished career. He was for 5 years viceroy of India. Known as the man who imprisoned Mahatma Gandhi. At 6 foot 5, with an assertive voice, he's an imposing presence, making light of his missing left hand. As an unelected noble, he's a bit of a loose cannon. But with Eden's blessing, Halifax accepts goring's invitation. He packs his shotgun. As they blast wild boar out of the undergrowth, Halifax reports that Goering is quite the charmer. A fluent English speaker, a Bon viva, a man bursting with good humor and saucy anecdotes. When jozef goebbels shows up, Halifax professes to be taken with him too. Unfortunately, Halifax evidently knows little about Germany and even less about the Nazis. As they arrive at the berghof, a man in a brown jacket opens the door. Halifax is blissfully unaware that this is one Adolf Hitler. And brushes him off as a flunky. As he gets shown around Hitler's mountain retreat, the lanky lord puts his oversized foot in it again. Eden as cautioned to stay off the politics. But he just can't stop a pining about Hitler's worldview. Hitler has been trying to keep a lid on things, flies off in a rage. His mind is lead their Führer way to be placated with a cup of hot chocolate and whipped cream. Despite the standoff, Halifax realized back that Hitler is a man to do business with. Very sincere, he writes the foreign office pens a paper. It's submitted to Chamberlain on New Year's Day in 1938. The next steps towards a general settlement with Germany. The policy will become known by a different term. One which will forever damn Chamberlain. Appeasement. In early 1938, a scandal breaks out in the Nazi Party. Bromberg, minister for war, a widower of 6 years, is getting married again. The lucky lady is his secretary, Anna grun. It's uncovered that she was once a prostitute. And she starred in some pornographic films. Germany has its own abdication crisis. Behind closed doors Hitler tells blomberg, he must divorce his new wife or give up his job. When blomberg opts to stand by his woman, it is major general von Fritz is replacement who hands him his notice. But another twist. Himmler and heydrich, via their spine network, discover that Fritz has been engaging in illegal homosexual acts with members of the Hitler youth. As well as a male escort known as Bavarian Joe. Fritz will ultimately be acquitted, but right now, the outrage is all Hitler needs to conduct a purge of the army's top brass, to stamp out the decadence. 16 generals are dismissed. 44 transferred. The war ministry and army command emerged. The combined armed forces will come under a new authority. The oba commando of the Wehrmacht, or O KW Hitler reveals the incoming supreme commander to be the only man talented enough for the job. Himself. Two spotless Prussian generals will do the day to today running. Wilhelm keitel? And Walther von brauchitsch. With Hitler at the helm, he can hasten the next phase of his master plan. And that concerns the country immediately to the south. Austria.
Playfully Faithful Parenting
"rhineland" Discussed on Playfully Faithful Parenting
"I enjoy serving in our kids ministry at our church and Really probably out of all these i. I love being a mother as difficult as parenting can be at times. My heart is for my children. I do have a passion without so. That's beautiful and i just loved that amidst like academia and pharmacy that there's like children's book author and just how you're mothering you know comes in to this different way of expressing who you are and your creativity and so i'm really excited to talk about that So on our podcast. We talk a lot about spiritual parenting and we define that as living out your authentic faith in front of your kids and inviting them to get to know who got is so. This is based off of deuteronomy chapter six versus four through nine. What does spiritual parenting mean for you. And what's it looked like in your family well recite. I love that scripture Of the i think it really helps guide us as parents in what virtual parenting looks like. And for me with that means is that i'm doing my parenting with the holy spirit as my guide so like i said parenting is not easy rate but however this picture tells us that holy spirit is our advocate. He's our helper in. What does that look like in my parenting things on a daily basis. I am asking the boy. Spirit film me so that i am producing the fruit of the spirit with my kids right and then i'm full of love in joy and patience and kindness with them. I'm asking him please. Equipped needs to be the mother that you've called me to be and in those moments that i'm frustrated or where i'm losing my patients and i don't know what to do. I literally will stop in the middle of it in in. Sometimes it's out loud and sometimes In rhineland. But i'll just say lord i don't know what to do i need you right now. How do i respond to my child. How do i handle this situation. how should i discipline show grace in. He's so faithful to meet me right there in that moment. And i think that's the beauty of spiritual parenting. We don't have to do it on our own right. I think that's so important for our kids to see us living our faith out the we don't have to act like we have it all together but we can take it to the lord in intern They can know that they can take their things. So the lord. I tell my kids you know what. This is my first time doing this. You know as a mother. This is my first time. Parenting a seven ten year old than i'm a newbie. So in that sense in next year. I'll be new to parenting eight and eleven year old. It's going to be right. This is my first time. I can't do it without the lord in so just like that. They can Find their strengthen him when new things come up when things happen at school or new conversations or whatever. It is that that's my take on it absolutely. I think that's beautiful and such a good reminder that spiritual parenting is not just for our kids that it's a reminder for ourselves that we do have.
Everything Everywhere Daily
"rhineland" Discussed on Everything Everywhere Daily
"In the nineteen thousand three book the musical guide. They had a section that listed musical instruments. One of the instruments was the zoo. Joe gigolo on spelled z. x. j. o. a. n. w. which they claimed was a maori word for a five or flute. The word is still occasionally appearing in books today. American painter gilbert. Stuart did a famous portrait of george washington. After he created the painting he was commissioned to make duplicates of it in all of the duplicates in the books in the background he misspelled the word states by dropping one of the teas. So you could tell the copies from the original. Sometimes it has nothing to do with copy thieves. Sometimes it's just being funny yakut. maria meer. Shied has been a member of the german bundestag. since nineteen seventy-nine he sits on the committee for small and medium sized businesses. According to the official bundestag directory he was born in more bachhans rook a very rural constituency in rhineland-palatinate us catholic and a member of the social democratic party of germany and he is also totally fake. There are literally six hundred. Fifteen names in the bundestag directory even though there are only six hundred and fourteen members. He has an incredibly detailed biography and even has his own twitter account. Maybe i'm just a hopeless romantic. But one day i would like to see yaacob. Maria amir shied. Go on a date with lillian virginia. Mount weasel to visit the beautiful town of glow new york executive producer of everything everywhere. Daily is james. Makhala associate producer. Is thor thomsen remember. Leave a five star review to get your review bread on the show..
Upgrade Hospitality - der Podcast für Hotellerie und Gastronomie
"rhineland" Discussed on Upgrade Hospitality - der Podcast für Hotellerie und Gastronomie
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With Friends Like These
"rhineland" Discussed on With Friends Like These
"Until much later. They get diagnosed at all times. They have to have a coinciding civility of the they didn't happen intellectual disability or they get diagnosed with something else instead of autism. Play at times people of color get diagnosed with payroll disorders conduct disorders or the dodgers. Don't get diagnosed at all or they get diagnosed later than their than their white counterparts on top of that. They're also a lot of the tools. Diagnostic tools are done. Solely in english so a lot of people for whom english is second language to get latinos asian americans or even people from africa. They often don't get diagnosed until much later. So what happens. Is that because we have this idea of who want who can be autistic. We wind up missing a lot of other people and you delve into this in book. A little further. I'll mention that Especially for people of color this can be deadly misdiagnosis to not be diagnosed with autism to instead have oppositional disorder even adhd that that creates a situation that you know People of color already have to behave perfectly right. But if you are a un undiagnosed autistic and you'll have interactions with the police. Talk a little bit about that even if you do diagnosis. It's not like you can. It's not the first place Police say your skin color. They don't necessarily know if you are artistic stick they. It's not like you know like someplace. Is you know now. They have a car where you can pull it out and say. Hey i want you think but even then like do you really want to put your hand in your pocket to reach for your wallet. You know Especially if he can't speak especially kids. Think if you you to wall dome signal that of course can lead to very very dangerous consequences. Well so there's not really So it could be a really deadly. I'm not speaking out of turn here. Consequences the consequences can be deadly and can lead to police violence. It could lead to people being killed as lead to people being killed Even where there's a big push nowadays to train police officers and how to handle autism. But even then you know there's a young man who profound buckingham steph. One wants In like a suburb of chicago police were trained in how to deal with them and we still shot and killed him. So it's not like this is something that could be trained away. This is something that really I don't know if this is something that police can handle. Yes. there's a lot of debate about this. We not get into that debate right now. But i think that's very compelling evidence For for a big change. And a lot of ways i was thinking also about the misdiagnosis part for people of color which is that If an autistic person a person with autism however say it is misdiagnosed and is a person that just feeds the prison. That the school to prison pipeline. For instance the behavior issues. Just become like. Oh you're oppositional like oh like you. Just don't obey the rules. I wasn't able to go into that. That much dozen. That i thought about much later plenty of people have had to people of color have bad interactions the police at if you're seen as just having defiant disorder or just having a ban a bad attitude then yeah it'd probably chain contribute to To very very negative consequence probably have very negative consequences. So i absolutely agree. I think that it can have deleterious effects. And it can lead to people being being escorted to and from through whether heather yonder through the day incarceration criminal justice system where there's one little vs on the criminal justice. You mentioned earlier. That one of the reasons wrote the original piece has to do with the fact that there's this language around them. I wanna talk about that in the context of the distinction you make between parental activism and self advocacy at autism kind of a history with that parental activism. It does i really kind of not even bifurcated. Tatum trifled cates word. I don't know the answer is if i deem it a word. It's almost try for kate. The history of autism advocacy three sectors. There's the beginning of it which is from nine eleven when it was first used by oregon boiler all the way into nineteen forty three with leo connor in baltimore and hans. Burger a nazi-occupied All the way to bruno pedal in the nineteen sixties. There is very much idea that the clinicians now best select pedal highmore argued that We'll hear you that it was caused by loving parents and like what happens when you do that when you say the parents caused it the testing do is take them away from the parents right. You know and you know put them at. It's to shin and you remove the pictures of them which was literally would happen. You know and later on we learned that that was a lot of abuse you know. We think a lot of bouncing willowbrook. That was a very common. Those kind of facilities. Were very very common. Then what happened. Is i think in the nineteen sixties and late nineties fees. No early nineteen seventies. You saw kind of from a two parent advocacy and that was really about it. Parents try to absolve them themselves of the blame that slanted put on them And that was them trying to get their kids out of the institutions and trying to get their kids to live in their homes But that was people like What's his name rhineland. Who wrote a book called. Tolerance is.
Upgrade Hospitality - der Podcast für Hotellerie und Gastronomie
"rhineland" Discussed on Upgrade Hospitality - der Podcast für Hotellerie und Gastronomie
"We'd advise worst museum. Humvees how has recruiting management of extending the nina tilleke power job. Do you feel it said by his cleaver decline nepal behind noda prevert decline. Our industry owned davinci. Roy outta here entirely thoughts or being club. Boy is foggy. No winkel rhineland field. Lingfield we fight. Inference annoy marked it in particular meat from particular mito station on thing but i cou- fish oil co persia with your sisters would be as doris crispier in this year. And if he gets pills so we might be as vinca. Roy is abuse bitterly and also given listen from become or swing club or unwinable. Ira system ratio gustov. Kostov grows and cotton and tried itunes..
Morning Edition
Dozens Dead in Germany and Surrounding Nations After Heavy Rains
"Least 117 people have died after severe floods devastated parts of western Germany and Belgium. Authorities have not been able to get in touch with hundreds more because mobile phone networks have collapsed and flooded areas of Germany. That also means families can't track their loved ones. The rising death toll marks Germany's largest mass loss of life in years as me Nicholson reports from Berlin. Climate change has arrived in Germany. These are the words of federal environment Minister Svenja Schulze sent in a tweet in response to news footage showing destruction and desperate families perching on rooftops. Firefighters in the states of Rhineland Palatinate and North Rhine Westphalia say the situation remains chaotic and that electricity and cell phone networks are down. South of Cologne. Police officer Patrick Right. ALS told public broadcaster A R D that the rescue services are struggling to keep up. Uh, the current of the water running past. The elementary school is too strong for our motorboats. We just managed to get the kids out. But that was the last trip will be making over that way today. An entire district of the ancient city of trail was evacuated on Thursday, including a hospital and its patients, some of whom were just out of surgery. And some of the worst damage has occurred in the wine region of our violet, where entire villages have been cut off by torrents of flood water. In the town of Schultz, houses collapsed and dozens of people are unaccounted for. Expressing distress at the news, Chancellor Angela Merkel said quote heavy rain and flooding doesn't quite capture what has happened. Referring to it instead as a catastrophe, he told the Indians are catastrophe and even follow on hub. I'm grieving for those who lost their lives in this disaster. We don't know the death toll yet, but it's going to be high. Some died in their basements, some as firefighters trying to bring others to safety, and my deepest sympathy goes out to their
Environment: NPR
Death Toll Continues to Rise in Devastating German Floods
"At least one hundred and seventeen people have died. After severe floods devastated parts of western germany and belgium. Authorities have not been able to get in touch with hundreds more because mobile phone networks have collapsed and flooded areas of that also means families can't track their loved ones. The rising death toll marks germany's largest mass loss of life in years as nicholson reports from berlin. Climate change has arrived in germany. These other words of federal environment minister savannah. Schulz sent in a tweet today. In response to news footage showing destruction and desperate families perching on rooftops firefighters in the states of rhineland palatinate and north rhine-westphalia say. The situation remains chaotic and that electricity and cell phone networks are down south of cologne police officer patrick. Racial told public broadcaster a. r. d. The rescue services are struggling to keep up going shula. The current of the water running past the elementary school is too strong for our motorboats. We just managed to get the kids out but that was the last trip will be making over that way today. An entire district of the ancient city of trae was evacuated on thursday including a hospital and its patients. Some of whom would just out of surgery and some of the worst damage has occurred in the wine. Region of our via where entire villages have been cut off by torrents of floodwater in the town of short houses collapsed and dozens of people are unaccounted for expressing distress at the news. Chancellor angela merkel said quote heavy rain and flooding doesn't quite capture. What has happened referring to it. Instead as a catastrophe is told the doctors will feel even for one. I'm grieving for those lost their lives in this disaster. We don't know the death pill yet but it's going to be high. Sometimes died in their basements. Some as firefighters trying to bring others to save and my deepest sympathy goes out to their families. Macos speaking from washington where on her last trip as chancellor she met president biden among other issues they spoke about climate change and issue now at the forefront of germany's election campaign ahead of the september vote
AP News Radio
Europe Floods: Search for Missing Goes on as Death Toll Tops 90
"The death toll from devastating floods across parts of West Germany and Belgium who's risen above ninety as the search continues for hundreds of people still unaccounted for authorities in the German state of Rhineland Palatinate say fifty people have died there including at least nine residents of an assisted living facility for people with disabilities while in neighboring north Rhine Westfalia the death toll stands at around thirty some thirteen hundred people are still reportedly missing though authorities say efforts to contact them could be hampered by disrupted roads and phone connections the flash floods this week for the days of heavy rain full which turns streams and streets into raging torrents that swept away calls the coolest houses to collapse across the region I'm Charles de Ledesma
Woman's Hour
"rhineland" Discussed on Woman's Hour
"Sometimes just she would go way. Absolutely just ate comes is so messed fact. Sometimes you forget an email comes to anything. Oh yeah i'm still fighting. And i think to me that's how i deal with it because it's best equipped it almost out of mind rothem literally worry we about to every single day. It's the cows out that wanting to have the operation done. Just really do homework. Find out what. You're having Fonda if you has to replace to gain i'm really looking to your surgeon under company really think about it and i. I would say that. I would always wait until you had children to have it done because he changes person and decisions will be different Melanie speaking to nikola made Shocking and heartbreaking. Listening to that Melanie what's the lawyers to say about all you know. I've spoken to them away. In france who have been leading on this action and i have to say. They told me that they are pretty mystified about this ruling about this two thousand and six date. They say they've got no idea. Where really comes from. Olivier omega is one of those leading the legal action actually. Everybody was very surprised by this decision. And no one understood what sapan for the good reason. Which is the following one. No-one ask such a limitation in word. The coot of bill. Farris rules on barnes which was not in the discussion which was not in the case. We are going to feel them. Appeal against this decision before the Courts and i have no doubt Explain that the supreme court's is going into our tone the decision a k. So he thinks are gonna overturn the decision but it does mean they have to appeal. How long's that gonna take. Yes okay to take a long. You heard the frustration. Nikola mason there This could take another two years. Olivia major told me that he thinks the court two thousand six as the date because they didn't believe the court didn't believe that two rhineland that's company being sued for negligence could be expected to have any concerns before that about what was happening at the factory. Making pip plants. If they did have concerns then they should have been making unannounced checks which they never did peeling pm. Flee were actually removing any evidence of the industrial silicone gel before to rhineland. Went make annual inspections olivier said previous hearings though have ruled that there were problems since two thousand one and he says he believes. It was obvious that pip didn't have enough medical grade gel to feel all the implants was producing. Goodness may have been other hurdles along the way having the. Yeah the have i mean. This case is so complicated as well as those women like nikola another six thousand women and many of them i inside. I'm told most of them from the uk they had their cases ruled inadmissible backing february. And this was because the court then ruled that there wasn't the evidence that they actually had been fitted with ip implants and it seems to boil down to charge which comes in the box with the implant and that wasn't provided to the courts to prove. What kind of implant they had women have been declared admissible because a to the quote the Bring dividend the i team plants. But the court made a mistake. You know it's very easy to bring dissidents. Because in many countries the vpn plans will sold through distributors. And i know this distributors because they are also might glance. It's a bad..
WNYC 93.9 FM
"rhineland" Discussed on WNYC 93.9 FM
"ABC News with Sue Montgomery. Mediation efforts are intensifying to try to reach a cease fire agreement between Israel on Thomas on the 11th day of their latest conflict. The U. N envoy to the Middle East is meeting Hamas leaders based in Qatar, while Egyptian mediators air talking to Hamas officials in Gaza. Israel has continued attacks while Hamas is fired. More rockets The BBC's Rushdi Abu Alouf spoke a short time ago from Gaza City. Another barrage of rockets was fired from Gaza towards the city off Ashkelon in southern Israel, as the militant group Hamas said that they have fired the Rockets. And retaliation to the killing of innocents civilian That's being a very long night off Schilling from sea from land from air as many as 150 airstrike, according to some local sources here. Some houses were destroyed. The latest one was almost in central Gaza City overlooked our street. French coaches ruled that hundreds of victims of a breast implant scandal 10 years ago are entitled to compensation. The illegal implants were manufactured by the French company P. I p. But today's case involved the German firm that awarded safety certificates for the implants to you, the Rhineland. It disputes liability on a constant reports. 2010 it emerged cheap industrial grade silicon was being used in pip breast implants, which were more likely to rupture and cause serious harm. The manufacturer was liquidated and its founder jailed, But today's proceedings relate to the German firm TV Rhineland, which awarded safety certificates for the faulty devices. After a 10 year legal battle this morning, a French court decided that around 2700 women should receive compensation. Lawyers representing the women hope this ruling will mark a turning point for victims. Spain has accused.
Monocle 24: The Briefing
Germany to contest two key elections
"We begin today's program in neighbouring germany. Which will contest to he region elections on sunday the votes in baden-wuerttemberg and the rhineland palatinate come as anglo-american cd you party struggles to shake off a profile political scandal and bad pr surrounding poor vaccine. Rollout it matters. Not least because the country will con- contest it's federal election at the end of
Based On a True Story
Alexander Mikaberidze takes us through the history of the Napoleonic era
"Let's start by setting up the hoof the two main characters that we see throughout the movie are gabrielle. Farrow and our montebourg who are both lieutenants in napoleon's army. Were they real people. Kind of the story of you're a ridley scott chose direct a screenplay drafted from ninety seven availa from the famous author joseph conrad but away the noble a was published as dual in britain. But it was kind of the point. Honorary night it stays and you can still find the first edition of in used. Bookstores and condo story was supposedly inspired by this real duels olga. He clearly to liberties facts and the story was about the duel between two officers of napoleonic army. The historical individuals of peer won't The town and francois leotard lavazza. Who became ill baer and finkel in the movie and both of them are very collar for the interesting individuals. Do point was born in chaban as in shock and in western france in seventeen sixty five like many of his generation. He first saw action I military action. During the french revolutionary. Wars in fact he fought that battle. Volney really important. Battled all of the then. He served in the rhineland and by seventeen ninety seven. He's already a general so he would have been all league thirty two years old and a general widely respected for his Martial abilities He supported napoleon in seventeen ninety nine when that general sees power to our and then he couponing pollyanna campaigns. All is distinguishing himself. I mean he. This guy was quite successful in quite capable. Man fought at morongo for that Allback where he he did. Do really remarkable defense with barely five thousand man. He was able to stop and australia. That was five times larger and then he earned accolades for he's exported. Ooh macron's rheinland in the sauna zone and with such a stellar record. He had much to expect from the future of maybe even marshal's baton right as new polian savings says every soldier right in. My army carries marshals. Donen in these anyone could carry. It probably will Dupont was one of them but it all changing in eighteen eight. Napoleon sent dupont you. Spain with motley crue of a of the provisional battalions new new recruits swiss troops. That wayne pressed into service. No one over. Dick league cited fighting and he's tasked was to secure the southern region of of spain and initial successes. He found himself surrounded by the largest army and in the remarkable decision affected. He's entire life. Dupont decided to surrender with some eighteen thousand men at violin in the news of this french. Defeat him in the worse than they surrender right but shock europe. Napoleon is range. Dupont is sent to court martial deprived of his rank and his title kashir and then sent to a military installation into to be imprisoned there for the rest of the only any wars
Heartland Newsfeed Radio Network
"rhineland" Discussed on Heartland Newsfeed Radio Network
"It's seven thirty seven. Max is clear for a comeback in australia. Australia's s safety agency says. It's lifted a ban on boeing. Seven thirty-seven max. It says it's confident. The plane is safe. The aircraft was grounded around the world nearly two years ago after two deadly crashes but in recent months regulators have started approving its return after boeing may technical changes and promised additional training for pilots in the us seven thirty-seven. Max is already back in service. Simon owen fox news virginia could become the first southern states legalize marijuana. Lawmakers approved a bill for adult recreational use beginning in twenty twenty four the legislation. Now goes to governor ralph. Northam who supports legalization lady gaga. Stolen dogs have been found. But the case isn't closed yet the investigation is underway. Fortunately the dogs were recovered unharmed. A woman brought the two stolen french bulldogs to a police station. Just northwest of downtown. La say the woman appears unassociated and uninvolved in the robbery. Now this comes after. Millions of people got a good look at gaga to stolen dogs koji and gustav over the past few days. Now gonna rome shooting a movie but it didn't stop her from sharing multiple pictures of her pooches all over social media after they were stolen to offered five hundred thousand dollar reward for the return of her french bulldogs. No questions asked. Fox's christina coleman so fashion retailer. Fred segal has died. His publicist says. He died from complications of a stroke. Seagal opened his first shop in west. Hollywood in nineteen sixty one selling jeans and flannel andrew. A list fans including the beatles diana ross and elvis presley fred segal was eighty-seven armature and this is fox news. If people keep telling you to try meditation. And you're like when when i have time you should check out head. Space head. space is here to help. Head spacious your daily dose of mindfulness in the form of guided meditations in an easy to use app head space. Is the one of the only meditation apps advancing the field of mindfulness and meditation through clinically validated research head spaces approach to mindfulness can reduce stress improved sleep boost focus increase your overall sense of wellbeing backed by twenty five published studies on its benefits head. Space has over six hundred thousand five star reviews and over sixty million downloads. You deserve to feel happier and head. Space is meditation simple. Go to head. Space dot com slash fox. That's head space dot com slash fox or a free one month trial with access to head spaces full library of meditations for every situation. This is the best deal offered right now. Head to head space dot com slash fox. Today guilty ten weather from the land news feed weather center. Saturday mostly sunny with light wind high near fifty seven saturday night. A sixty percents chance of rain between ten pm and five eight am low. Around forty five sunday mostly cloudy gradually becoming clear. Moderate gleaned at times reaching up to twenty miles per hour high near fifty five low near forty six. That's the latest weather checkout more news and weather on our website at hop lands newsfeed dot com better understand. Today's china zach taekwondo recommends. You explore the city within a city in its mega sized urban areas contrast take the train out into the countryside travel from a city like joe out towards the farmland is much akin to time travel as it is actual physical travel. He recommends how you can connect with the people of china for the pandemic has cancelled this year's mardi gras parties. Let's celebrate the season by exploring the origins of the old world traditions for carnival in venice. There's gorgeous costumes full gala palace parties. It's the greatest people watching period of the year and the rhineland of germany carnival and protestant regions boring on nonexistent. Because only the catholics know how to do it and get to love many types of cheese they make in france. It was really a wonderful thing to see that she's being born. It's a virtual party. The hour ahead on travel with rick steves. Hey i'm rick steves. I love art and in my new book. Europe's top one hundred masterpieces. I share my favorites with gorgeous photos and vivid descriptions it's a greatest hits sweep through history via the finest paintings sculpture and architecture ever. It's all in europe's top one hundred. Masterpieces aren't for the traveler. It's available now at rick. Steves dot com okay. You can't have a street party this year. But we can add a little sparkle. Dear socially distanced home celebration of mardi gras in the hour ahead. The origins of carnival street parties go deep into medieval europe. Today's travel with rick. Steves will hear how people in venice of celebrated masks and all since that thirteenth century. And how the faithful germany's rhineland have their own traditions. Blowing up some bacchanalian steam. Before the fasting days of lent begin also get advice for exploring lesser known destinations in china from a millennial americans made it his virtual second home. There's one stereotype about the french. That is true. Do love their cheeks. They even have a scene that a meal without cheese is like a beautiful woman with only wanna hurt by homage. It coming. I key mckenna. Kathy license grew up in wisconsin dairyland. She's explored the far corners of france to sample a great variety of artists and french cheeses. Where they were made and she writes about it in her book the whole from. Yeah well the. French are incredibly passionate about their cheese. And it's funny. You brought that saying up because one of the things that really struck me. I spent a lot of time. Of course traveling around france tasting cheeses and i also spent a lotta time. I was doing that staying in. Bnb's because i was in often very remote places where there weren't a lot of hotels. So i was staying in the homes of french people and they would go okay. So why are you here. Streets american lady. Oh you know in this little. Hamlet were no one ever comes and i would explain i was doing and they would invariably pull a cheese plate from the refrigerator. You know. it's just every french household. Has this this tradition ritual this thing that they do every day which is to eat cheese. They eat cheese after every evening meal. It's it's really quite extraordinary. Cheesehead from wisconsin. I was not. I do in fact own one. I don't like to admit to it. My my partners sisters sent me. One is a joke. When you're at christmas but no i was. I was fairly incognito. I was i'd rental cars. Typically because again. I was going to such out of the way places. I was going to places you couldn't get to by train kathy. When you went to these being new told them what you were doing. What exactly did you tell them you were doing. I said i was writing a book about french cheese. And that was to explain to american's the history and culture of french cheese. I think you know in this country. Have a lot of new artisan cheeses many of which are based on french. Originals but people often don't know the history and culture behind those cheeses and.
Heartland Newsfeed Radio Network
"rhineland" Discussed on Heartland Newsfeed Radio Network
"Have time you should check out head space head space spaces here to help. Head spacious your daily dose of mindfulness in the form of guided meditations in an easy to use app head. Space is the one of the only meditation apps advancing the field of mindfulness and meditation through clinically validated research. Head spaces approach to mindfulness. Can reduce stress improved sleep boost focus. Increase your overall sense of well. Being backed by twenty-five published studies on its benefits head space has over six hundred thousand five star reviews and over sixty million downloads deserve to feel happier and head. Space is meditation made simple go to head space dot com slash fox bats head space dot com slash fox for a free one month trial with access to head. Space was full library of meditations for every situation. This is the best deal offered right now. Head to head space dot com slash fox. Today here's a look at weather from hop lands news newsfeed weather center today. Mostly sunny with a high near twenty one tonight. Mostly cloudy with a low around. Ten conditions will vary over the weekend ranging from mostly sunny on saturday to rain and snow on sunday. High temps were ranged from thirty on saturday. Thirty five on sunday temps to be in the low twenty s. That's the latest weather. Chacao more news and weather on our website to talk lamps new street dot com. The better understand. Today's china's zach recommend. You explore the city within a city in its mega sized urban areas for contrast take the train out into the countryside travel from a city like pseudo out towards the farmland is as much akin to time travel as it is to actual physical travel. He recommends how you can connect with the people of china for the pandemic has cancelled this year's mardi gras parties. Let's celebrate the season by exploring the origins of the old world traditions for carnival in venice. There's gorgeous costumes full gala palace parties. It's the greatest people watching period of the year and in the rhineland of germany carnival. Impromptu regions is boring or non-existent. Because only the catholics know how to do it and get to love the many types of cheese they make in france. It was really a wonderful thing to see the cheese serve being born. Its virtual party. The hour ahead on travel with rick steves. Hey i'm rick steves. I love art and in my new book. Europe's top one hundred masterpieces. I share my favorites with gorgeous photos and vivid descriptions. It's a greatest hits sweep through art history via the finest paintings sculpture and architecture. Ever it's all in europe's top one hundred masterpieces art for the traveler. It's available now. At rick steves dot com okay. You can't have a street party this year. But we can add a little sparkle. Dear socially distanced thome celebration of mardi gras in the hour ahead. The origins of carnival street parties go deep into medieval era on. today's travel. With rick steves will hear how people in venice have celebrated masks and all since the thirteenth century. And how the faithful and germany's ryan have their own traditions for blowing up some bacchanalian steam. But for the fasting days of lent began also get advice for exploring lesser known destinations in china from a millennial american. Who's made it his virtual second home. There's one stereotype about the french. That is true. Do love their cheats. They even have a same that a meal without cheese is like a beautiful woman with only one on our safa manage it coming. I kim ocana. Kathy grew up in wisconsin. Dairy she's explored the far corners of france to sample a great variety of artists and french cheeses where they were made and she writes about it in her book. The whole from yeah well. The french are incredibly passionate about their cheese. And it's funny. You brought that saying up because one of the things that really struck me. I spent a lot of time. Of course traveling around france tasting cheeses and. I also spend a lot of time while i was doing that staying in. Bnb's because i was in often very remote places where there weren't a lot of hotels. So i was staying in the homes of french people and they would go okay. So why are you here. Street american lady. Oh you know in this little. Hamlet were whatever comes and i would explain i was doing and they would invariably pull a cheese plate from the refrigerator. You know. it's just every french household. Has this this tradition as ritual this thing that they do every day which is to eat cheese. They eat cheese after every evening meal. It's it's really quite extraordinary. Were you wearing your cheesehead from wisconsin. I was not. I do in fact own wine. I don't like to admit to it my my partners Sister sent me. One is a joke. When you're at christmas but no i was. I was fairly incognito. I was i'd rental cars. Typically because again. I was going to such out of the way places. I was going to places you couldn't get to by train. Kathy when you went to these being bs and you told them what you were doing. What exactly did you tell them you were doing. I said i was writing a book about french cheese and that it was to explain to american's the history and culture of french cheese. I think you know in this country. We have a lot of new artisan cheeses. Many of which are based on french originals. But people often don't know the history and culture behind those cheeses. And that was what i really wanted to get across in the book. So you know wisconsin cheese and you know she's that's produced in america and then you went to france and what happened. How how's french compared to american cheese. Why is it a big deal. When i was a kid. Growing up in wisconsin. We basically had your average orangey kind of cheese. That was that was what we ate. And so the whole thing was really a new adventure for me in tasting. Really good cheeses. Are you saying that. America's pretty simple. It's just going to be orange. American orange indicated absolutely not no. The american cheese seen is really really happening and really exciting but again. It is based often on french originals. So for example. There's a wonderful cheese in the french. Jura region called won't door that you can only get in the wintertime. This a soft cheese you sector sort of you can break into it and eat it with a spoon and there's a very similar cheese on the actually won the american cheese society Contests this year. I think it was the best in show award called win. Amir that is based on that cheese. So what would that be just as good here in the united states. There's something about the old world cheese that really is the ultimate now. You're going to get me in trouble. they're different. They're both good in their own ways. I would venture to say so much. Cheese has to do with where it's produced and what the animals whose milk they're using to make it have been eating. It really goes back to tear and the terroir here of course is not the terroir you have in europe. Now that's what i was thinking about in. The heaven heard terroir in the context of cheese. Because of course we generally think about that in the in the sense of wine but was not there. Why is the culture. It's the sun. It's the soil. It's the history of the heritage. Tell us about one moment when you were in france and you realize wow. This is really the.
The Napoleonic Quarterly
"rhineland" Discussed on The Napoleonic Quarterly
"Critical moment. The declaration of pill knits in which austria and prussia invited other countries to join them in restoring louis the sixteenth to his rightful status. What what you get in the pits declaration which comes in this interval between the king trying to escape in june being put back on the thrive in september time The pill declaration comes from australian russia and unease basically in a session that sooner or later those powers will involve themselves in effect of france. They determined to have louis put back on the frown. It's again it's an explicit threat to interfere extensively in the internal workings of french politics That revolutionary politicians come can't tolerate you know and it remains in their minds through this process at the end of the air into seventeen ninety two that it's setup the context where for most of them. They will have to be resolved by some kind of conflict. This very little sense that fronts can of back down confined us A passive position in this the revolution will remind activity threatned until some kind of contested. All gms is finally worked out so of seventeen ninety two. What was the mood. Among the republicans will blow frausing in january seventeen. Ninety two as is aflame for war. I think it will be fed cy. Obviously they've been through a whole revolutionary process and going back to seventeen ninety nine arrived a few months before this point. Atten you finished constitution. Pulps the back on the throne with a new set of powers including constitutional veto. But the now facing up to the question of How can the revolution be finished when the win win. The counter revolution is out there Thinking about the counterrevolution as being out there in two senses out there in the shadows all around them that really kind of significant belief in a conspiratorial activity which brought to the hall of the royal of government. The king is now backing channel. Joel and the counterrevolution is also out veg geographically. It's out there. Through the fact of our socratic immigration. The thousands of noblemen and their families have left france in the last three years. Many of them now sort taken up residence typically in the rhineland whether now two of the king's is also in residents Those people openly talking about coming back with foreign support and overthrowing the revolution putting the came back on an absolutist thrown at one of the people who wasn't in government at the time. But someone who's going to play a fairly important role is the ultra radical robespierre. What was he up to at this time. So rose himself by early. Seventeen ninety two is working. As a journalist in paris wrote in his newspaper he is prominent in the jackson club. Which is where the kind of informal political agendas of the political class have been set but the new constitution works is is that the king chooses. The government ministers while the country chooses the members of legislative assembly And so much because the king chose them. That essentially brousseau. Who's who's running. The administration is fairly moderate. Brisa himself can't be in government because he's in the legislative assembly palace. i've rights. we have people like show mary. Rollo will eventually become paul What's cool to brisa time government Himself like other figures like in the assembly but of course they got used over the last few years to the assembly dominating political agenda. It's where politics in the public sense now so easing the assembly. The friends have started to make the argument. Very vigorously. the you won't be able to have a constitutional mona k until you've got rid of the emigre. You have two full the king to do something about it on some of them even think that if you if you push him enough he might end up off the front. This mob. your wife exposing louis. The sixteenth as a revolution rate and actually getting rid of but the pub code is about defeating the counterrevolution. So that that's the the threat of counter-revolution is in the air. And then this this great yearning for war but but not. Everyone was was keen on more at the time. Nevertheless the ultimate team issued During this this three month period family set fronts on the road to. How did you had to do end up heading in that direction. We you have a situation. Really where most political forces in france won't will the brief time radicals wanted because i think he will expose the king as counter-revolutionary. There's a whole of centrists Who who are now in government at the beginning of the year a knob on who's afar. Mr a general lafayette to one of the heroes. Twenty nine they started to think they have a wall. They can control the radicals Whip the country into shape the king and in the people around them. They're inactive correspondence with the powers of europe. They want to war. Because they won't france to lose they want it to be an opportunity to the king to kind of take back control of other whipped and beaten country. Like i think that's what they need so in. These months says very very complex maneuvering initially to try and force the some at the local rulers in the rhineland where where the emigre living to expel them. at the end of the year which of the radicals are hoping will be rejected Immediately the irony is that the prince is given awesome. It was a provocation it. It's an attempt to provocation. The whole the whole thing is a very highly politicized maneuver an attempt to generate conflict but conflict with is very much welcomed on all sides. I mean this is again the arne thinking about someone like robespierre is pointing time from his ultra-radical position. Wool looks incredibly dangerous. He knows that france isn't ready for it that it's not safe He thinks it might be a conspiracy but thinks that war is a great idea. Everyone else thinks side will win and so to the frenchman it three planning at this time. I'm thinking particularly of maury. Who had some pretty firmly set ideas of what what he would do. When when war came along and something something you could say quickly about who demaria was what those military plans were will damara as someone who comes very closely shared with the week. Brousseau in that circle He's he's a significant figure. When the when the president governments owned low people think of as the demaria government he's also quite closely associated with the radical circles have been exiled from belgium over the preceding two or three years because there is a parallel local revolution belgium from seventeen ninety moods. So there's a lot of thinking about moving into is of course that the australian netherlands modern day.
The Napoleonic Quarterly
"rhineland" Discussed on The Napoleonic Quarterly
"So coming up in this episode. Pull demet on austrian and prussian intentions. And then dr jacqueline writer on the british perspective but first professor david andrews of the university of portsmouth on goings on in france in paris at the heart of the revolution. David has written all sorts of really great brooks including the terror and He's written the connell guide to the french revolution and so many other things as well. He's the president of the society for the study of french. History and i began by rewinding to the middle of seventeen ninety one to a critical moment. The declaration of pill knits in which austria and prussia invited other countries to join them in restoring louis the sixteenth to his rightful status. What what you get in the pits declaration which comes in this interval between the king trying to escape in june being put back on the thrive in september time The pill declaration comes from australian russia and unease basically in a session that sooner or later those powers will involve themselves in effect of france. They determined to have louis put back on the frown. It's again it's an explicit threat to interfere extensively in the internal workings of french politics That revolutionary politicians come can't tolerate you know and it remains in their minds through this process at the end of the air into seventeen ninety two that it's setup the context where for most of them. They will have to be resolved by some kind of conflict. This very little sense that fronts can of back down confined us A passive position in this the revolution will remind activity threatned until some kind of contested. All gms is finally worked out so of seventeen ninety two. What was the mood. Among the republicans will blow frausing in january seventeen. Ninety two as is aflame for war. I think it will be fed cy. Obviously they've been through a whole revolutionary process and going back to seventeen ninety nine arrived a few months before this point. Atten you finished constitution. Pulps the back on the throne with a new set of powers including constitutional veto. But the now facing up to the question of How can the revolution be finished when the win win. The counter revolution is out there Thinking about the counterrevolution as being out there in two senses out there in the shadows all around them that really kind of significant belief in a conspiratorial activity which brought to the hall of the royal of government. The king is now backing channel. Joel and the counterrevolution is also out veg geographically. It's out there. Through the fact of our socratic immigration. The thousands of noblemen and their families have left france in the last three years. Many of them now sort taken up residence typically in the rhineland whether now two of the king's is also in residents Those people openly talking about coming back with foreign support and overthrowing the revolution putting the came back on an absolutist thrown at one of the people who wasn't in government at the time. But someone who's going to play a fairly important role is the ultra radical robespierre. What was he up to at this time. So rose himself by early. Seventeen ninety two is working. As a journalist in paris wrote in his newspaper he is prominent in the jackson club. Which is where the kind of informal political agendas of the political class have been set but the new constitution works is is that the king chooses. The government ministers while the country chooses the members of legislative assembly And so much because the king chose them. That essentially brousseau. Who's who's running. The administration is fairly moderate. Brisa himself can't be in government because he's in the legislative assembly palace. i've rights. we have people like show mary. Rollo will eventually become paul What's cool to brisa time government Himself like other figures like in the assembly but of course they got used over the last few years to the assembly dominating political agenda. It's where politics in the public sense now so easing the assembly. The friends have started to make the argument. Very vigorously. the you won't be able to have a constitutional mona k until you've got rid of the emigre. You have two full the king to do something about it on some of them even think that if you if you push him enough he might end up off the front. This mob. your wife exposing louis. The sixteenth as a revolution rate and actually getting rid of but the pub code is about defeating the counterrevolution. So that that's the the threat of counter-revolution is in the air. And then this this great yearning for war but but not. Everyone was was keen on more at the time. Nevertheless the ultimate team issued During this this three month period family set fronts on the road to. How did you had to do end up heading in that direction. We you have a situation. Really where most political forces in france won't will the brief time radicals wanted because i think he will expose the king as counter-revolutionary. There's a whole of centrists Who who are now in government at the beginning of the year a knob on who's afar. Mr a general lafayette to one of the heroes. Twenty nine they started to think they have a wall. They can control the radicals Whip the country into shape the king and in the people around them. They're inactive correspondence with the powers of europe. They want to war. Because they won't france to lose they want it to be an opportunity to the king to kind of take back control of other whipped and beaten country. Like i think that's what they need so in. These months says very very complex maneuvering initially to try and force the some at the local rulers in the rhineland where where the emigre living to expel them. at the end of the year which of the radicals are hoping will be rejected Immediately the irony is that the prince is given awesome. It was a provocation it. It's an attempt to provocation. The whole the whole thing is a very highly politicized maneuver an attempt to generate conflict but conflict with is very much welcomed on all sides. I mean this is again the arne thinking about someone like robespierre is pointing time from his ultra-radical position. Wool looks incredibly dangerous. He knows that france isn't ready for it that it's not safe He thinks it might be a conspiracy but thinks that war is a great idea. Everyone else thinks side will win and so to the frenchman it three planning at this time. I'm thinking particularly of maury. Who had some pretty firmly set ideas of what what he would do. When when war came along and something something you could say quickly about who demaria was what those military plans were will damara as someone who comes very closely shared with the week. Brousseau in that circle He's he's a significant figure. When the when the president governments owned low people think of as the demaria government he's also quite closely associated with the radical circles have been exiled from belgium over the preceding two or three years because there is a parallel local revolution belgium from seventeen ninety moods. So there's a lot of thinking about moving into is of course that the australian netherlands modern day.
Encyclopedia Womannica
Healthcare Spotlight: Marie Colinet
"Maria stood out to me as a great example of a woman who succeeded despite the fact that society posed so many obstacles and in the process she thought outside. The box broke the mold and save lives. She came up with Sir really creative solutions this episode originally aired in September but just like lots of modern healthcare workers. Marie often doesn't get the credit. She deserves so she's perfect. Figure to highlight again in honor of the many people putting their lives on the line for us today during the Cova. Nineteen pandemic now. Here's host Jenny Kaplan to tell you all about Morocco high from Wonder Media Network. I'm Jenny Kaplan and this is encyclopedia. Romantika case you're just in welcome. Here's the deal every weekday for a year. We're taking five minutes to tell the stories of women from throughout history and around the world who you may not know about but definitely should each month is themed and this month as kids around the world or at least in the northern hemisphere head back to school. We're talking about stem inist at that. I mean women who did incredible things in the fields of science technology engineering or math. Today we're heading back to sixteenth century. Europe are seminar improved childbirth methods and was an incredibly talented surgeon. Let's talk about Marie Colonna. Marie was born in Geneva. Switzerland in fifteen sixty. Her father was a printer growing up. Marie wanted to become a midwife. She was interested in the field of medicine from an early age and sixteenth century woman. That was her only option for practicing medicine on July. Twenty fifth fifteen eighty seven. Maria married Wilhelm fabry. A brilliant surgeon often called the father German surgery. We'll homeless the top German surgeon of his and he taught me how to perform in the operating room. He said the student quickly outpaced master. Marie showed natural talent and surgery at a time when it was unthinkable for a woman to take part in session important masculine endeavor. The couple traveled and worked in Switzerland Holland and the Rhineland before settling in Bern during this period Marine Wilhelm had eight children though only one outlived their mother. Marie treated many patients on her own. And by her husband's side she regularly assisted her husband and performing minor surgeries. She pioneered the modern caesarian section which employed a new more medically sound method. Prior to Murray's work c-section techniques hadn't changed since the time of Julius Caesar. Marie also invented the practice of using heat for dilating and stimulating. The uterus childbirth that not only increased the ease of childbirth also lowered the risk of certain complications. It's important to note that childbirth is very dangerous proposition at the time. In addition to being an obstetrician Marie was well known for a new form of Treatment. In one particularly notable case in sixteen twenty four a patient had a piece of metal in his. I wilhelm had attempted to remove it and failed. Marie succeeded using a magnet ingenious noninvasive technique. That still practiced today. The will gave Marie full credit for her actions. He's often cited as the techniques inventor that unfortunately it happened to Maria. Walk on another case. Marie treated a man with two shattered rips by opening his chest and resetting the bones with wire she closed dressed the wound with herbal plasters. That effectively deterred infection. We'll Detailed the case in his medical writings and said Maria was the inventor of the treatment. Method still will often gets the credit. Marie went onto write two books before we'll home passed away after his death. Her whereabouts are relatively unknown. She died in sixteen forty. At the age of eighty Marie colonies insights forever. Change the science of delivering babies and her. Ill invalidated the view. That women didn't belong in
Big Book Podcast
A Businessman's Recovery
"S Falcon of the red. D Line bound from New York to Maracaibo Venezuela glided up the bay and docked at the wharf in the port of La Guaira on a hot tropical afternoon early in nineteen twenty seven. I was a passenger on. That boat bound the oilfields of Maracaibo as an employee of the X. Oil Company under a two year contract at a good salary and maintenance there I hope to buckle down to two years of hard work and save some money but above all to avoid any long continued drinking. That would interfere with work because that had cost me too many jobs in the past not that I was going to give up drinking entirely. No such a step would be too drastic but down here in the oilfields with a bunch of hard working hard drinking. Good fellows I too would learn how to handle my liquor and not let it get the best of me again. Such an environment would surely do the trick which surely teach me to drink moderately with the best of them and keep me away from those long disastrous sprees. I was still young. I could make the grade and this was my chance to do it. At last I had the real answer and my troubles were over. Red And I who had become bosom shipboard companions on the way down from New York stood at the rail watching the activity on the dock incident to getting the vessel secured alongside. Red was also on his way to Maracaibo to work for the same company and we agreed that so long as we were going to be here overnight we might as well go ashore together and look the town over red was a swell fellow who might take a drink now then who might even get drunk once in a while but he could handle his liquor and did not go to any great successes. Thousands of other fellows like him who have been my drinking companions from time to time. Were in no way responsible for the way I drank or what I did. Or the way liquor affected me so off. We went red and I to do the town and do it. We did after a few drinks. We decided there wasn't much else to do in town except to make a round of the Cantinas have a good time. Get back to the ship early and get a good night's rest so what harm would a little drinking do now. I reasoned especially with one full day and two nights ahead to get over it. We visited every Cantina along the straggling main street of La Guaira and feeling high wide and handsome red and I decided to return to the ship. When we roll down to the dock. We found that our ship had been birth off from the wharf about thirty feet and that it was necessary to take tender out to her. No such ordinary method would satisfy red and myself so we to climb the stern hawsers hand over hand to get on board the flip of a coin decided that I would go first so off. I started hand over. Hand up the Hawes her now even a good experienced sailor perfectly sober would never attempt such a foolhardy feet and as was to be expected about halfway up the houser. I slipped and fell into the bay with a loud splash. I remember nothing more until next morning. The captain of the boat said to me young man. It is true that God looks after drunken fools and little children. You probably don't know it but this bay is infested with man eating sharks and usually a man. Overboard is a goner. How close you were to death. You don't realize but I do yes. I was lucky to be saved. But it wasn't until ten years later after I had time and time again tempted. Fate by going on protracted benders that I was really saved not until after I had been fired from job after job. Tried the patience of my family to the breaking point alienated. What might have been many many good lasting friendships taking my dear wife through more sorrow and heartaches than any one woman should bear in a lifetime after doctors. Hospital psychiatrist rescuers changes of scenery and all the other paraphernalia. That go with the alcoholics futile attempts to quit drinking. Finally I dimly began to get the realization that during twenty years of continual drinking every expedient. I tried and I tried them all had failed me. I hated to admit the fact even to myself that I just couldn't lick booze I was licked. I was desperate. I was scared I was born in one thousand nine hundred. My father was a hard working man who did the very best. He could to support his family of four on a small income. Mother was very good to US kind. Patient and loving as soon as we were old enough my mother sent us to Sunday school and it so happened that as I grew older I took quite an active interest becoming successively a teacher and later superintendent of a small Sunday school in Uptown New York when the United States entered the world war in April nineteen seventeen. I was underage but like most other youngsters of that period wanted very much to get into the fray. My parents of course would not hear of this but told me to be sensible and wait until I was eighteen being young in restless however and fired by the military spirit of the Times. I ran away from home to join the army in another city there. I joined up. I didn't get into any of the actual hostilities at the front but later after armistice served with United States forces occupying the Rhineland working my way up to a good noncommissioned rank while serving abroad. I started to drink. This of course was entirely my own choice. Drinking by a soldier during those times was viewed with a degree of indulgence by both superiors and civilians. It seems to me as I recall it now that even then I wasn't satisfied to drink like the normal fellow. Most of the United States army of occupation were sent back home in nineteen twenty one but my appetite for travel had been wetted and having heard terrible stories of prohibition in the United States I wanted to remain in Europe where a man could raise thirst subsequently I went to Russia then to England and back to Germany working in various capacities my drinking increasing and my drunken escapades getting worse so back home in nineteen twenty four with the sincere desire to stop drinking. And the hope that the prohibition I had heard so much about would enable me to do it in other words that it would keep me away from it. I secured a good position but it wasn't long before I was initiated into the mysteries of the speakeasy to such an extent that I soon found myself once more jobless after looking around for some time I found that my foreign experience would help me in securing work in South America so full of hope once more resolve that at last. I was on the wagon to stay. I sailed for the tropics. A little over a year was all the company I then worked for would stand of my continual drinking and ever lengthening benders. So they had me poured on a boat and shipped back to New York. This time I was really through. I promised my family and friends who helped me get along while looking for another job that I would never take another drink as long as I lived and I meant it but alas after several successive jobs in around New York had been lost. And it isn't necessarily tell you the 'cause I was sure that the only thing that would enable me to get off the stuff was a change of scenery with the help of patient long-suffering friends. I finally persuaded an oil company that I could do. A good job for them in the oilfields of Maracaibo but it was the same thing all over again back to the United States. I really sobered up for a while long enough to establish a connection with my present employers. During this time I met the girl who is now. My wife at last here was the real thing I was in love. I would do anything for her. Yes I would give up drinking. I would never never do anything to even remotely affect the happiness. That now came into my life. My worries were over. My problem was solved. I had sown my wild oats and now I was going to settle down to be a good husband and live a normal happy life