19 Burst results for "Phosphine"
Double Tap Canada
"phosphine" Discussed on Double Tap Canada
"Means we can record activity from their visual cortex generated by their normal home environment as they roam around. So we can record all the receptive fields from all the electrodes at the same time, and if we take all these receptive fields and accumulate them together overlap them and place them on a computer monitor for scale at a typical viewing distance, it begins to get an idea of how much of the visual field we can cover with this preliminary device. Many of the receptive fields are close to the fovea to close to the fixation point. But there's also a scattering of fields in the periphery. These are from recording sites deeper in the brain in the calcarine sulcus. So far, I've only talked about recording information from the cortex. But to produce a visual prosthesis, we need to stimulate. So if we stimulated the cells whose receptive fields are in this location, we would produce a perception of a flash in that location that only the monkey can see. How do we know that the monkey sees it? How do we know what it looks like? Well, unfortunately, we can't ask them what they see, but we can train them to tell us something about that phosphine. We start by training their monkey to fixate a central point on the screen like this white dot. And we start by presenting real visual stimuli on the screen and rewarding the monkey for making eye movements toward those stimuli. So here we flash a white dot and the monkey makes an eye movement towards it. We then choose another random location and reward the monkey for making an eye movement towards it. Once he's got good at this task, we can begin to interleave these real stimuli with electrical stimulation of electrodes and produce a phosphine. What I've shown you is a way to produce a phosphine in the visual field. This is not something new in visual neuroscience. But if you think about that phosphine as a single pixel in a visual image, all we need to do is scale up and produce a great many more pixels and have them covering the visual field. Our goal will be to turn the lights on for someone who's spent decades living in the dark.
Scientific Sense
"phosphine" Discussed on Scientific Sense
"And it's this thing about the search for life is looking for gases that don't belong in gases that can't be explained by any geological or other process so exciting possibilities. There's room that life is making bussing life on venus and that's why it's such a big deal so so foster you don't owed. It has only biological origins. That's right as seen on. Earth is only associated with life and the the have foreseen in large planners like Like jupiter or saturn. Or something like that. But the explanation. Is it sort of cooped up in in high pressures and temperatures right jupiter and saturn right beneath their atmosphere have very high temperatures and pressures and you know they have a lot of hydrogen. They're almost entirely hydrogen So there's no problem there ready to sabina size and conditions don't allow sort of artificial manufacturing before seen wanna call. Yes that's right. They don't allow phosphine to be there as far as we can tell you know someone may come up with some mechanism but careful work. We haven't found any mechanism for fussing to be generated. Could it be there for form by some external impact of some. Some phosphine could be but if you work at all the numbers it's not enough. It's so far off and it's stable rate so if you look over time be have a phosphine concentration that sort of dynamically stable in the in that mafia well there are reports of phosphine having been detected from a few decades ago actually by a nasa mission called pioneer venus that dropped a probe into the atmosphere. So if that's what if that's what you're asking do. We have measurements over time than the answer is it looks like it is yes so so there has to be something. That's producing it yes. Let's like do a mini review. Fussing has been reported. it's still controversial. As to whether it's there it's been found by professor jane greaves has also been seen in some data from four years ago. So if you believe phosphine. Is there any agree. It doesn't appear that there's a way to for phosphine to form because just not enough of it conformed from any process that we can think of. Then you're left with two possibilities one is that. There's some highly unusual chemistry that wow has defied us yes. In the other explanations that there's life in venus in the atmosphere generating bussing and it's not bitty friendly place venus so so what kind of life. What's your conjecture if we're actually biological system. Let's provide info. The atmosphere is very very very nasty for any kind of life. The liquid atmosphere does liquid is needed for life as we know it. We've expanded that from liquid water to any liquid. The liquid is hydrofluoric acid which is incredibly acidic and that would destroy pretty much every biological material. It's also very dry like fifty or a hundred times drier than the driest place on earth so any life. There would be different from life here. Life in these droplets could have a protective shelf. For example like lipids or graphite or sulfur. There's actually a Wax hydrocarbons they're actually a few things that with stance your asset in of life could make a shell around itself. It would be fine actually now. Also there's new things happening all the time. People are venus now like captured. The imagination oath the public and professionals alike. And there's one person who i work with. Actually who came up with a new theory on venus he actually has postulated that the droplets might not be so acidic after all needs a theory. It's a bit complex to get into but the idea. Is that some salts or something. Some kind of buffer gets into the droplets.
Scientific Sense
"phosphine" Discussed on Scientific Sense
"And it's this thing about the search for life is looking for gases that don't belong in gases that can't be explained by any geological or other process so exciting possibilities. There's room that life is making bussing life on venus and that's why it's such a big deal so so foster you don't owed. It has only biological origins. That's right as seen on. Earth is only associated with life and the the have foreseen in large planners like Like jupiter or saturn. Or something like that. But the explanation. Is it sort of cooped up in in high pressures and temperatures right jupiter and saturn right beneath their atmosphere have very high temperatures and pressures and you know they have a lot of hydrogen. They're almost entirely hydrogen So there's no problem there ready to sabina size and conditions don't allow sort of artificial manufacturing before seen wanna call. Yes that's right. They don't allow phosphine to be there as far as we can tell you know someone may come up with some mechanism but careful work. We haven't found any mechanism for fussing to be generated. Could it be there for form by some external impact of some. Some phosphine could be but if you work at all the numbers it's not enough. It's so far off and it's stable rate so if you look over time be have a phosphine concentration that sort of dynamically stable in the in that mafia well there are reports of phosphine having been detected from a few decades ago actually by a nasa mission called pioneer venus that dropped a probe into the atmosphere. So if that's what if that's what you're asking do. We have measurements over time than the answer is it looks like it is yes so so there has to be something. That's producing it yes. Let's like do a mini review. Fussing has been reported. it's still controversial. As to whether it's there it's been found by professor jane greaves has also been seen in some data from four years ago. So if you believe phosphine. Is there any agree. It doesn't appear that there's a way to for phosphine to form because just not enough of it conformed from any process that we can think of. Then you're left with two possibilities one is that. There's some highly unusual chemistry that wow has defied us yes. In the other explanations that there's life in venus in the atmosphere generating bussing and it's not bitty friendly place venus so so what kind of life. What's your conjecture if we're actually biological system. Let's provide info. The atmosphere is very very very nasty for any kind of life. The liquid atmosphere does liquid is needed for life as we know it. We've expanded that from liquid water to any liquid. The liquid is hydrofluoric acid which is incredibly acidic and that would destroy pretty much every biological material. It's also very dry like fifty or a hundred times drier than the driest place on earth so any life. There would be different from life here. Life in these droplets could have a protective shelf. For example like lipids or graphite or sulfur. There's actually a Wax hydrocarbons they're actually a few things that with stance your asset in of life could make a shell around itself. It would be fine actually now. Also there's new things happening all the time. People are venus now like captured. The imagination oath the public and professionals alike. And there's one person who i work with. Actually who came up with a new theory on venus he actually has postulated that the droplets might not be so acidic after all needs a theory. It's a bit complex to get into but the idea. Is that some salts or something. Some kind of buffer gets into the droplets.
Artificial Intelligence (AI Podcast) with Lex Fridman
"phosphine" Discussed on Artificial Intelligence (AI Podcast) with Lex Fridman
"They only need to be half as productive as me for me to feel like i've done my job for humanity so that as being the dynamic i've had worry about but to be productive is not clear to me. What do you have to do. You have to not be miserable. Otherwise i found it extremely hard. When i'm having conflicts with collaborators for hundred very hard to enjoy the work we do even if the work has this. Fantastical phosphine are things that i know. I love still very difficult. So i think choosey you collaborators based on how well you get along with them is a really sound scientific trace having a miserable collaborative ruins your whole life. It's horrible it makes you not want to do the science that probably makes you do clumsy science because you don't focus on it you don't go over it several times. You just wanted to be over. And so i think in general. Just not picking douchebag can get so much good science done just fine the good people in your community and collaborate with them even if they're not as good scientists is others. You'll get better science out to don't be a dish beg yourself and surround yourself by other people exactly and then you'll get a size any you tried to work with three geniuses who are just hell to be around. Yeah i mean there's peril things like that i'm very fortunate now I was very fortunate. Mit to have friends and colleagues there. There were incredible to work with. But i'm currently sort of. I'm doing a lot of fun stuff on the side Lake this little. Podcast thing and i mentioned to you. I think. Robotics related stuff I was a just the boston dynamics yesterday. Checking out the robots And i'm currently. I guess hiring people to help me with the very fun little project run those robots. I have more applications that can possibly deal with there's thousands so It's not an it's the opposite. It's they need to put an ad for out for someone to help you through the applications to be there. That's one thousand people applied for them. Infinite mastushita doll of application. But the point is is not It's not exactly the point is like what i'm very. Distinctly aware of his life is short and productivity is not the right goal to optimize..
Lex Fridman Podcast
"phosphine" Discussed on Lex Fridman Podcast
"Or good hours in a day. I often don't often get eight crappy hours, you know, emails, meetings, bad code, yes, data processing. But if I can get for high-quality scientific facts. I just stopped working for the day because I know it's diminishing returns after that. So, I have a lot of time I try to make as much time as I can. Can you kind of dig into The, what it takes to be one productive to to be happy in as a researcher because I think it's too easy in that world too long to basic. Because you have so many hats, you have to wear that so many jobs, you have to be a mentor, teacher ahead of a research group, to research yourself. You have to do surveys, all the kinds of stuff you're doing now with education and interviews. Yeah. So as a public science like being a public Communicator, that's a job. Yeah the whole thing very poorly. I'll pay you on bitcoin. Okay I'll take off. Uh so is is there some advice you can give to to the process of being productive and happy as a researcher? I think sadly. It's very hard to feel happy as a scientist, if you're not productive, it's a bit of a trap but it's I certainly find a very difficult to feel happy when I'm not being productive. It's become slightly better. If I know my students have been productive, I can be happy, but I think a lot of serious scientists once they get into that mindset, they start thinking that their students science is there. I think this happens a lot of senior scientists they have so many hats. As you mentioned, they have to Summer service and so much admin that they have very little time for their own science wage. And so they end up feeling ownership over the junior people in their labs, and they're groups. And that's really heartbreaking. I see it all the time and and that I think of Escape that trap, I feel so happy, even when I'm not productive. When my students are productive. I think that sensation I was describing earlier of they own Need to be half as productive as me for me to feel like I've done my job for Humanity, so that has been the dynamic. I've had to worry about, but to be productive is not clear to me. What do you have to do you have to not be miserable? Otherwise, I found an extremely hard when I'm having conflicts with collaborators, for example, very hard to enjoy the work, we do. Even if the work has this, you know, Fantastical phosphine or things that I know. I love still very difficult. So I think choosing your collaborators based on how well you get along with them is a really sound scientific Choice. Having a miserable collaborative ruins your whole life. It's horrible makes you not want to do the science and probably makes you do clumsy science cuz you don't focus on it. You don't go over it several times, you just want it to be over. And so I think in general Just not being a douchebag, can get so much. Good science done..
Lex Fridman Podcast
"phosphine" Discussed on Lex Fridman Podcast
"Is there something interesting to be said about the engineering aspect of the telescope? It's an incredible beasts but it's a beast of many burdens so it's going to do. It's good. You are a poet your? Yeah, I love it. This is very eloquent. You're speaking to the audience which I appreciate. So yes, this is giant engineering project and is it orbiting something, you know? So it's going to be Above the atmosphere and they will be doing lots of different astrophysics and so some of its time will be dedicated to exoplanets but there's an entire field fighting for time before the cryogenic lifetime of the instrument. And so when I was looking for the possibility of finding phosphine on Thursday, so planets I use database t as a way of checking with this instrument, that we will launch later this year. Could we detect phosphine on an oxygen poor planet and then I put very much a hard stop where some of my simulation said. Yes, you can totally do it, but it will take a little under the cryogenic lifetime of this machine. So then I have to go well that that's nice. No one's going to dedicate all of jwst to look for my molecules and no one cared about. So we're very much at that edge. But they'll be many other telescopes in the coming decades. Wage That will be able to tell us quite a lot about the atmospheres of potentially habitable planets. See, mrs. Simulation this is super interesting to me and and this perhaps could be a super dumb question, but I just think I haven't been approved you wrong. And that one you simulate molecules to understand how they look from a distance is what I understand, like, what is that? Simulation wage look like. So it's a it's talking about the, the, which colors of the rainbow be missing, is that the goal is stimulation, that's a goal. But it's really just a very, very nasty Schrodinger's equation. So it's a Quantum simulation. This is simulating at the quantum level. Yes. So I'm a Quantum astrochemist, hi, I'm Clara..
Artificial Intelligence (AI Podcast) with Lex Fridman
"phosphine" Discussed on Artificial Intelligence (AI Podcast) with Lex Fridman
"And so with this. We do have this. Huge amounts of overlap methane. As an example a lot of the ways it's Detectable is because the carbon and the hydrogens they vibrate with one. Another they move they interact. But every of the hydrocarbon. A settling is of pren- has carbon and hydrogen also vibrating rotating and so actually very hard to tell them apart at low resolutions and our instruments can't really cope with distinguishing between molecules particularly well but in an ideal world if we had infinite resolution than yes every molecule spectral features will be unique. Yeah like almost like you'll be too trivial level at our level There's huge overlap. Yeah but then you can start to then what tried to descend big. You like what the miss the fact that certain colors are missing. What does that mean. And hopefully they're missing kind of pattern we can say was some kind of probability this this gas not this gas. You're solving that gaseous puzzle. I got it okay. We can go back to venus actually and show that so with this. I mentioned those two molecules that could be responsible for that signal. The resolution that we have it was phosphine and so two sulfur dioxide and at that resolution could really be one of the other but in the same bandwidth so when the same observations there was another region where fussing does not absolve. We know that to those so we just went unchecked and there was no signal so we thought oh then it must be fossey and then we submit to the paper and the rest is history. The beautifully told is there so the telescopes we're talking about are sitting on earth. What can help. Solving this fingerprint molecular fingerprint. Problem if you do a fly by does it help if you get closer and closer or a telescope. Pretty damn good for this kind of Puzzle solving telescopes are pretty good but the atmosphere is a pain me..
Artificial Intelligence (AI Podcast) with Lex Fridman
"phosphine" Discussed on Artificial Intelligence (AI Podcast) with Lex Fridman
"And then i read every paper that evergreen published about phosphine. It was quite easy because there aren't that many And that's when. I started learning about where we had already founded in the universe and what it meant. I started finding out quite how little we know about it. And why and it was only when i joined my tea and i saw talking to biochemists that the that had been became clear. The phosphine wasn't just weird and special and understudied and disgusting. It was all these things for oxygen loving life and it was the anaerobic world that would welcome phosphine. And that's when the idea of looking for it on other planets became crystallized because oxygen is very powerful and very important on earth. But that's not necessarily going to be the case on the exoplanets. Most planets are oxygen. Poll overwhelmingly most planets are oxygen poor and so finding the sign of life that would be welcomed by everything that would live without. Oxygen on earth seemed so cool and but ultimately the project that i was born of the idea that you wanna find that molecular fingerprint of any of a molecule so and this is just one example and that's connected to then looking at for looking for that fingerprint elsewhere in the inner remote way and obviously that then at that time were exoplanets already when you doing your pg and you buy those you say your ps was was all on phosphine one hundred percent of them with a little bit of ammonia have a chapter that i did it where i talked about fossey's and ammonia so phosphine was very much these but at that that at that time when you're writing it Sense that extra planets are out there and We might be able to be looking for biosignatures for On those extra plants pretty much. So i finished my peach twenty fifteen. We found the first exoplanets in the mid to late nineteenth. So excellence no It was known that some had atmospheres and from there..
Lex Fridman Podcast
"phosphine" Discussed on Lex Fridman Podcast
"We know it's really hard for her to tap and accidentally, you know, even lightning and volcanoes that can produce small amounts, faustine, it's extremely difficult for even these extreme processes to make it. So it's not really surprising. That only life can do it because life is willing to make things at a cost down. So maybe on the topic of phosphine. What again, you're you've gotten yourself into trouble that I'm going to ask you all these like high level poetic questions. I apologize know, I've loved it. Okay. What, when did you first fall in love with phosphate? It wasn't love of her sight. It was somewhere between A long relationship and Stockholm syndrome. Yeah. Yeah, when, when I first started my PhD, I knew I wanted to learn about molecular Spectrum, how to simulate it wage. I thought it was really outraged outrageous that we, as a species, couldn't detect molecules remotely, we didn't have this perfect catalog ready of the molecular fingerprint of every molecule. We may want to find in the universe and something as basic as phosphine. The fact that we didn't really know how it interacted with light and so we couldn't detect it properly, you know, in the Galaxy just also indignant and said, initially, I just started working on fostering because people haven't before and I thought we should know what fostering looks like. That was it. And then I read every page that's been published about phosphine. It was quite easy because there aren't that, many. And that's when I started learning about where we had already founded in the universe and what it meant wage. I started finding out quite how little we know about it and why, and it was only when I joined MIT and I started talking to biochemists that the fact that have been became clear that faasen wasn't just weird and special and understudied and disgusting. It was all these things for oxygen, loving life, and it was the anaerobic world that would welcome phosphine. And that's when the idea of looking for it on other planets became crystallized because oxygen is very powerful and very important on Earth. But that's not necessarily going to be the case on other exoplanets. Most planets are oxygen poll. Overwhelmingly, most planets are oxygen-poor and so finding the sign of life that would be woken by everything that would live without oxygen on Earth seemed so cool. And But ultimately the project the first job Born of the idea that you want to find that molecular fingerprint of any of a molecule. So, and this is just one example and that's connected to then looking at, for looking for that fingerprint elsewhere in the, in a remote way. And obviously that, then at that time we're exoplanets already. When you were doing your PhD, and not by those should say your PhD thesis was on, it was at all on phosphine. 100% of us was a little bit of a pneumonia, have a chapter that I, I did where I talked about fasting found ammonia so, but no, it falls signal is very much my fiest. But at that, that at that time when you're writing it was already a sense that exoplanets are out there and we may be able to be looking for biosignatures 4 on those exoplanets. Pretty much. So, I finished my PhD in 2015, we found the first exoplanets in the kind of Midtown Nineties. So exoplanets won't know. It was known that some had atmospheres and from there it's not a big jump to think, well, if some have atmospheres, some of those might be habitable and some of those may be inhabited So how do you detect you start to talk about it? But women Granite. How do you detect phosphine on a Faraway thing? Rocky thing, rocky planet Earth. What what is spectroscopy? What is this molecular fingerprint? What does it look like?.
Artificial Intelligence (AI Podcast) with Lex Fridman
"phosphine" Discussed on Artificial Intelligence (AI Podcast) with Lex Fridman
"Is used as a chemical warfare agent in the first world war and most recently by isis so really bad most life avoids that even life that might not avoid it. Selective doesn't use oxygen metabolism anaerobic. Life still has to put crazy amounts of effort into making it. It's a really difficult molecule to make thermodynamically speaking. It's really difficult to make. Phosphorus want to be together with a hydrogen. So it's horrible. Everyone avoids it. When the nonvoting it is extremely difficult to make. You would have to put energy in sacrifice energy to make it and if you did go through all trouble and made it gets Reacted with radicals in the atmosphere and guess destroyed so we should find anywhere and yet we do. This kind of weird molecule seems to be made by life and we don't even know why life clearly funds a use for it. It's not the only molecule the life is willing to sacrifice energy to make but we don't know how a wildlife is even making it so absolutely mysterious. Absolutely deadly smells horrifically. When it's made it produces other kind of die phosphine. it's been reported smelling like garlicky. Fishy death Once someone referred to it as smelling the mci remember the rancid diapers of the spawn of satan. Yeah very very vivid and so you're poed after all i didn't i didn't call that someone else did. And so it's just this horrific molecule but it is produced by life. We don't know why and when it is produced by life has done with enormous sacrifice and the universe does not sacrifice life sacrifices and so it's the strange contradictory molecule that we should all be avoiding and yet seems to be an almost unambiguous side of life on rocky planets community. Dig into that a little bit. So what on rocky planets would his is their biological mechanisms that can produce it is there is there. You said why is unclear why life might produce it but is an understanding of what kind of mechanisms may be able to produce it very difficult to produce molecule. We don't know yet. The enzymatic pathways of phosphine production by life are not yet known. This is not actually a surprising as it might sound. I think something like eighty percent of all the natural products that we know of so we know biology makes them. We don't know how it is much easier to know. Life produces something because he can you know bacteria in a petri dish and then watch and then that gases produced to go life made it. That actually happened with phosphine. But that's much easier to do of course than figuring out what is the exact metabolic pathway within that life form. That created the this molecule. So we don't know yet. phosphine is really under studied. No one had heard of it until now ash will. You're presenting the fact that life produces phosphine not the process by which produces fossey. Is there an urgency now. Like if you were to try to understand the mechanisms the what did you call. And semantic pathways that produce phosphine. Is that of a problem crack difficult. I'm not mistaken. Truffles obviously a billion dollar industry huge deal until quite recently. It wasn't known exactly how those sent those molecules that create this incredible smell were produced. And this is a billion dollar industry as you can imagine. There is no such pressure. There's no phosphine lobby or anything. That would push for this research. I hope someone picks picks it up and does it and it isn't crazy because we know the fossey's really hard to make. We know it's really hard for happen. Accidentally even lightning and volcanoes that can produce small amounts of phosphine. It's extremely difficult for even these extreme processes to make it so..
Lex Fridman Podcast
"phosphine" Discussed on Lex Fridman Podcast
"It was cool, before anyone could spell it or heard of it and off at the time, people either didn't know what fostering was or only new it for being just possibly the most horrendous molecule that ever graced the Earth. And so no one was a fan and I'd been considering looking for it because I did think it was an unusual and disgusting but very promising sound sign of life. I believe for it everywhere else, I'd really didn't think to look in the solar system. I thought it was all pretty rough around here for for life. And so I wasn't even considering the name is Matt. All never my next door. Venus, it was only the lead author, of the study Jean Greaves who thought to look in the Clouds of Venus. And then reached out to me to say, I don't know if I'll see him. It's weird. How weird is it? And the answer is very weird and so the telescopes were looking at this is visual data. I mean by visual you and see the phosphene. Well, but I mean, it's well, it's telescopes promote its remote. You're observing your what's zooming in on this particular planet and what, what, what is the sensor actually? Look like how many pixels are there? What is the data? Kind of look like, they'd be nice to kind of build up intuition of odd? How little data we have based on? Which, I mean, if you look at like, I've just been reading a lot about gravitational ways and it's kind of incredible. How from just very little life. Probably the world's most precise instrument. We can derive, some very foundational ideas about our early universe and in that same way it's kind of incredible. How much data, how much a confirmation you can get from just a few pixels. So what are we talking about here in terms of based, on which this paper saw possible signs of phosphate in the atmospheres So phosphine like every other molecule has a unique spectroscopic fingerprint, meaning it rotates and it vibrates and special ways. I calculated..
Artificial Intelligence (AI Podcast) with Lex Fridman
"phosphine" Discussed on Artificial Intelligence (AI Podcast) with Lex Fridman
"People i didn't know what phosphine was our only knew it for being just possibly the most horrendous molecule that have graced the earth and so no one was a fan and i had been considering looking for it because i did think it was an unusual and disgusting but very promising sound sign a life. I've been looking for it and it everywhere. I really didn't think to look in the solar system. I thought it was all pretty rough around here. for for life and so i wasn't even considering the system at all never my next door. Venus it was only the lead author of the study. Jane greaves who thought to look in the clouds of venus and then reached out to me to say. I don't know phosphine. But i know it's weird. How weird is it and the answer is very weird and so the telescopes were looking at this visual data visual you can see the phosphine while but i mean it's Aunts telescope is remote observing. Your was zooming in on this particular planet. I mean what what what is the sensor. Actually look like how many pixels are there. What is the data kind of look like. It'd be nice to kind of build up intuition of how little data we have based on which i mean if you look at like just been reading a lot about gravitational waves in. It's kind of incredible. How phone just very little. Like probably the world's most precise instrument we can derive some very foundational ideas about our early universe and in that same way. It's kind of incredible how much how much information you can give them just a few pixels. So what are we talking about here in terms of Based on which this paper saw possible signs of phosphine in the atmosphere so phosphine every molecule has a unique spectroscopic fingerprint meaning. It rotates and a vibration special ways. I calculated how many of those ways it can rotate vibrator sixteen point. Eight billion ways. What this means is that if you look at the spectrum of light and that light has gone through phosphine gas on the other end. That should be sixteen point. Eight billion tiny marks left indentations left in that spectrum. One of those on venus one of those sixteen point eight billion so now the game is can we find any of the other ones. But they're really hard to spot..
Artificial Intelligence (AI Podcast) with Lex Fridman
"phosphine" Discussed on Artificial Intelligence (AI Podcast) with Lex Fridman
"Since you're the world expert and While in many things but one of them phosphine would technically be correct to call you. The queen of phosphine go for dr phosphine queen. Anne an inherited title. I feel for you still rule by A love and power so but while having the doctor title kindness kindness in september twenty twenty you co authored a paper announcing possible presence of phosphine in the atmosphere of venus and That it may be a signature of extra terrestrial life maybe big maybe there was some pushback of course from the scientific community that followed friendly loving pushback Then in january. Another paper from University wisconsin. I believe confirmed the finding so. Where do we stand in the saga in this mystery of what. The heck is going on On venus in terms of phosphine in terms of aliens he. Let's try and break it down. The short answer is we don't know i think you and the rest of the public are now witnessing a pretty exciting discovery but as it evolves as it unfolds We did not wait until we had years of data from ten different instruments across several layers the atmosphere we waited until we had two telescopes our with independent data months apart. But still the data's week it's noisy delicate. It's very much at the edge of instruments sensibility. Not and so. We still don't even know if it is phosphine. We don't even really know if the signal is real. People still disagree about that and i think it more philosophical end of how this happened. I think it is a distinction and myself another co-authors. We're talking about this. So distinction between hypotheses generation and hypothesis testing now hypothesis. Testing is something that.
Lex Fridman Podcast
"phosphine" Discussed on Lex Fridman Podcast
"You're the world expert in well in many things but one of them is phosphine would technically be correct to call you the queen of phos mean. I go for dr. Fast in Queen is an inherited title, I feel but you still rule by love and power. So but while while having the Dodge title goodness, kindness kindness in September 2020, you co-authored a paper announcing possible presence of phosphine in the atmosphere of Venus Earth and that it may be a signature of extraterrestrial life like maybe big, maybe there was some pushback. Of course from the scientific community that followed friendly loving push back. Then in January another paper from University of Wisconsin, I believe confirm the finding dead. So where do we stand in the Saga? In this mystery of? What the heck is going on on Venus in terms of fostering, in terms of aliens? Let's try and break it down, okay? The short answer is, we don't know. I think you and the rest of the public are now witnessing pretty exciting Discovery but as long involves as it unfolds, we did not wait until we had, you know, years of data. From ten different instruments across several layers. The atmosphere we waited until we had two telescopes with independent data months apart, but still, the date is week, it's noisy home delicate. It's very much at the edge of instrument sensibility just a petit and so we still don't even know if it is fostering. We don't even really know if the signal is real, people still talk about that.
Lex Fridman Podcast
Searching for Signs of Life on Venus and Other Planets
"You're the world expert in well in many things but one of them is phosphine would technically be correct to call you the queen of phos mean. I go for dr. Fast in Queen is an inherited title, I feel but you still rule by love and power. So but while while having the Dodge title goodness, kindness kindness in September 2020, you co-authored a paper announcing possible presence of phosphine in the atmosphere of Venus Earth and that it may be a signature of extraterrestrial life like maybe big, maybe there was some pushback. Of course from the scientific community that followed friendly loving push back. Then in January another paper from University of Wisconsin, I believe confirm the finding dead. So where do we stand in the Saga? In this mystery of? What the heck is going on on Venus in terms of fostering, in terms of aliens? Let's try and break it down, okay? The short answer is, we don't know. I think you and the rest of the public are now witnessing pretty exciting Discovery but as long involves as it unfolds, we did not wait until we had, you know, years of data. From ten different instruments across several layers. The atmosphere we waited until we had two telescopes with independent data months apart, but still, the date is week, it's noisy home delicate. It's very much at the edge of instrument sensibility just a petit and so we still don't even know if it is fostering. We don't even really know if the signal is real, people still talk about that.
The Wisdom Podcast
Sarah Harding on Dharma Journeys of Practice and Translation
"Sarah i wanted to welcome and thank you for joining us on the wisdom dot chat but i wanted to start with how you first encountered bosom. How did you go down this past Was it through a book or you meet a teacher. How'd you first encounter the buddha dhamma. How far back should i go. Nats let's keep it to these lives. Okay that's fortunate since i don't remember the other ones Yeah i will. I got interested in meditation in eastern phosphine. Everything while i was still in high school actually and then i read some books like autobiography yogi and things like that and i read the life of miller that was one of my first folks which has stuck with me all this time till now even and then i What happened. I met some tibetans in arizona prescott arizona. Actually in dan. I dropped out of college in went traveling and ended up in the east and Kind of tried to forget about the buddha steph for a while but eventually came to nepal yan You know got tired of all the fun stuff in there was colpon happening with lava yes shea of coupon in dan That was it. I kind of you know was stock. In like bob dylan which have gone last taken that last detour in so then i went and met cholera in pay went from the. Someone showed me a picture in that coupon retreat in i headed to find him
SpaceTime with Stuart Gary
"phosphine" Discussed on SpaceTime with Stuart Gary
"Are any that fifteen hundred operational satellites in orbit at toronto. I try and most of those are very large ones and will control and you know a long way away from each other and kicked away from each other but fifteen hundred years you got from that. An order of magnitude more to forty eight thousand. It's just The service that they Intend to provide so the space x for instance the the hope episode. That is to Provide very low cost high bandwidth broadband internet coverage all around the world. That's that's its purpose. You know what actually know why you're doing this. He wants to do this. But these huge satellite constellation satellites up there to provide the senate lots of great shape and mass some a hundred forty kilograms eight so then not that it. They've very tawny and but they're in logos and with the fantastic chronics now. So what will happen. Is they'll be sending signals up and down between base stations on the ground and they'll be thousands without the base stations. All over the world and the internet will kick into base stations. And so it will provide connectivity from this side of the well to the other side of the world. They satellites and make the internet really really cheap particularly for developing countries and developed countries like the united states in rural areas where they don't have good coverage united and it's not just ground to satellite it's also satellite the satellite laser coverage as well. Yes so they can. Just cover the whole internet connectivity day and he aims to make tens of billions of dollars out of it because he wants to put those tens of billions of dollars towards his plan to send people to mars. He wants to use this fund to go to mars. And he's looking on that too. We've just had another test of the starship prototype. I prefer only the test article because it doesn't look anything like stash shape yet. It's just a silver tube. that's better off silo. Isn't it to actually have a prototype. Stashing orbiting next year. And once that's achieved. Then these halfway there i mean. He's the ultimate plan is Launched one hundred and fifty tons of papal cargo into orbit in one go and hundred tons on interplanetary missions including and i'm using his term now interplanetary colonial transport missions which is what s driving about. That's right that's right and that's because he's concerned that the human race as as all its eggs into one basket and he wants the human rights spread over at least two planet spa thought and if it works it'll be a good thing as we sit in ohio in that sense and having a Another basket to put some your eggs as long as you don't mess up miles away messed up booth and i'm sure we will let them but of course going to solve the ills. It'll just some people over there that may be able to carry on something bad guys on. Let's jonathan alley the editor of a stray and sky and telescope magazine. And don't forget if you're having trouble getting your copy straight sky and telescope magazine from your usual retailer. Because of the current lockdown on travel restrictions in always get a print or digital subscription. Have the magazine. Delivered directly letterbox. A inbox subscribing easy just go to sky and telescope dot com dot. Edu that skied telescope dot com dot. Au and you'll never be left in the dark again. This space time still to come rocket lab demonstrates its new oberlin maneuvering capabilities and later in the science report. The world health organization says it's been unable to determine where the covid nineteen virus originated all that most of come.
SpaceTime with Stuart Gary
"phosphine" Discussed on SpaceTime with Stuart Gary
"Okay let's take a break from show for word from our sponsor express. Vpn rated number one by tick raider. You may be wondering why you need a virtual private network. Well it's in the name. It's all about privacy. Do you really want big brother. Take companies hackers governments and who has wills nipping in on your online activities. And you might not have anything to hide but it's still really creepy and it could be dangerous for you and those you care about. Also how often do you run across a website and you want to get information from it but you find out that the geo blocked. It's all very frustrating and it's becoming an increasing problem and that's where express. Vpn can help you. Express vpn's a simple and efficient way to protect your online privacy. It's intimate with our borders from the world's leading vpn provider so. Protect your mind privacy today and find out how you can get three months free at tracks breast. Vpn dot com slash space. That's try express. Vpn dot com slash space three months free with a one year package visit. Try express vpn dot com slash space to learn more. And of course you'll find the link details in the show notes and on our website. That's try express. Vpn dot com slash space. And now it's back to our show. You're listening to spend time with stewart gary. You know musk is now. Officially the world's richest person with a net worth of one hundred eighty five billion dollars in an empire that stretches from spacex x rockets to tessler electric oz but one major area of controversy which mascot surf surfer failed to deal with. Is the scientific damage. Being caused by growing constellation of styling satellites. Styling could eventually include some forty two thousand satellites providing low-cost high-speed broadband internet connectivity across the entire planet but this ever-growing constellation as well as similar ones plan by one web and other companies are proving to be a major problem for important scientific. Research is now starting to be affected by what astronomers calling trains of styling satellites constantly crossing the sky. The light reflected by these spacecraft and the radio frequencies they're operating at affects both optical and radio telescope observations satellites credibly bright appearing train of bride dots. Is they orbit. And they're destroying sciences view of the sky's the try and address the problem. Space x has launched. Doc sat an experimental styling satellite with an anti reflective coating and they've asked astronomers to assess how much this coating is reducing satellite reflectively initial measurement suggests the dot codings providing around a fifty percent reduction in brightness. Jonathan e. the editor of australian sky and telescope magazine says. Only time will tell whether that's enough at the moment. It's not a huge problem. Because i've got about seven hundred also satellites up there But they got approval for. I think it's i have a twelve thousand. And they have ambitions to have forty thousand the styling and there's another constellations. Another company wants to quit up as well and i to For another forty thousand satellites and there a couple of other companies that also wanna put constellations or satellites Smaller than those but looking at tens and tens and tens of thousands of satellites up there so I know the calculations have been done by. Some crystal stream is that indicate that for certain observatories seven times. They will be five hundred of these lots within view at any particular time and this really does have the potential to really ruin professional astronomy from of the amateur. Astronomy is one thing you know It's going to affect things a bit but Christmas ornaments doing work. They're doing science doing important stuff. And you can have a really really effect. Another spacex supposedly testing some techniques to try to minimize the Problem if anyone can coatings on until a different direction that kind of thing but you know when you get forty thousand of them up there I think no matter what you try and do it's going to have a big effect. Saw it is all consensual. And the other problem i guess also is that with that. Many satellites up there the threat of collision at some stage. Either with another satellite in the same constellation or with a piece of space junk. That's going to be a concern. Yeah it is. They have nothing to two or three shows of satellites at different altitudes above the earth. I can't remember the exact eighty five hundred eighty and one thousand one hundred ten or something like that. Yeah yeah keep them and keep them into three different levels. So yeah look they say that they. They're going to take measures to minimize the potential for collisions between the satellites and other things but You know just laid plans because forty thousand satellites up. Something's wrong will. You're gonna lose control of lose contact with anyone to hit another one minutes on young and old vendrell side effect which is the worst case scenario. That scientists warnings about school the kessler syndrome. Its way around basically a chain reaction one one thing smashes another thing you get lots of little bits each smash into two other ones and they all smash into runs and you get a chain reaction going before you know it. Then you have a whole orbital altitude of the united states five hundred kilometers about which is just flooded with space johnson and become would be too dangerous to fly cancer. What the of the movie. Gravity best describes that if without exaggeration trying a huge swarm stuff coming flying like shrapnel. So that is something to avoid. That's basically pollution space but it It wouldn't preclude you for flying true if you had to kiss senior kicked off and you had at sei. Five hundred kilometers altitude just swarm all around the plan of space. John you can still try and get through and chances are you would get through. But every now and then you'd get hit so you wouldn't want to risk that with people you can do that. We unmanned satellites of course Windy geostationary satellites. That are up there at thirty six thousand kilometres about the s with ninety eight to be replaced with new ones. Well you know if if every every second one's getting hit by spreads johnson and being destroyed it's going to cause an awful lot of problems sir. The kessler syndrome is very worrying And i know that there are moves it for now. The put in place more sort of space control. They control that you like to Had all the parties talking to each other better and more and having predictions away the satellites to be tracking everything and trying to workout. You know how to avoid colliding with each other. A lot of that would require spe slow that everyone agrees with them and not everyone's following space lord lamont foot what what's basically there is very very tough. I mean there. There are laws up there. They're not lowest governed should be done up here but you know Had china india both explode satellites up. They look what's going gonna happen. Sorry someone does something wrong up there. And then he takes ten years to get through the courts. Meanwhile let's go whizzing wasn't worth it. Solutions trying the probe in the first place and i know that say satellite manufacturers broke manufacturers have been taking some steps over the last thirty years or so for instance in the early days rocketry. I'd send something up at night. They release the satellite to sort of knows carney. If you like travel whatever. The set of the rocket inside which the satellites that would burst open and free a lot and you'd have springs and bolts and bitch bargain metal and stuff flying off an old directions. So these days they try and minimize the release of any any bits and pieces but You know it's perfect and the more you put up because this is going to so yeah. With with two companies talking about potentially forty thousand satellites each and there are multi thousand satellite unit in the end. Up at one. Hundred thousand satellites up there for these comes so it's a problem right now without the scheduling satellites. There.
Space Nuts | Astronomy, Space and Science News
"phosphine" Discussed on Space Nuts | Astronomy, Space and Science News
"I mean this is still a very very active field of research Looking for biomarkers. What what specific feature in the spectrum say of an extra planetary atmosphere what specific feature will be an unequivocal demonstration of the existence of biological processes. Actually not an easy thing to do. We thought we had it. We thought we had played about a decade ago with something called the vegetation red edge and this is a spectrum feature that comes from vegetation. It's called the red edge because it out she is a is a drop in intensity in the spectrum and and but the trouble is that feature is reproduced by all the features that have got no biological origin a tool so it's not unique. It's kind of gone off. The boil has of education madij. It's still it's still. It's still produced by vegetation and his something people look for whether doing earth sensing because he can tell from the shape of the right edge whether that education is alive or dead for example a. But it's not it's not unique. There are other things that look a lot like. It might just sidestep here because it is part of the same story andrew. You and i covered the news. I think in september last year that phosphine had been detected against this fear. Venus and phosphine is a potential biomarker. The latest research on that though is pouring a little bit of cold water on it. Because i read the paper yesterday. That suggesting that the phosphine feature wasn't philosophy it was actually a sulfur. Dioxide feature in the atmosphere of venus was baske- is if i mean feature or.