19 Burst results for "Nations Reserve"
Unreserved
"nations reserve" Discussed on Unreserved
"Of course, First Nations people were considered wards under the Indian act, which essentially viewed as minors, couldn't vote, didn't have the legal authority to enter into contracts. So how did all of that affect first nation's ability to people ability to enlist? Well, again, going back to the 6 nations of the grand river and like I can't claim to speak on behalf of all groups across all parts of the country. So I'll just keep it, you know, I'll keep it confined to my own reserve at 6 nations in my own family's experience on both sides of the family. Yes, certainly as of 1914 under the Indian act status Indian registered band members were viewed as legal miners for several months following the outbreak of the war amongst Canadian government officials themselves and military recruiters there were questions as to whether or not Indians could even be enlisted and if they were to be enlisted should they serve in all Indian units or should they serve in integrated units as it finally transpired. There were two largely indigenous formations of the great war of the 107th timberwolf battalion that was recruited in and around Winnipeg and the 114th battalion Brock's rangers that was recruited in and around branford Ontario, including the 6 nations reserve. None of those troops lost their Indian status upon enlistment. Oh. I think in some other areas of the country, depending upon the information that the military recruiters had at hand themselves, they were under the belief and they told continual applicants themselves that you know, in order to receive your veterans benefits, veterans benefits can only be made payable to Canadian citizens. So to the extent that you're a status Indian registered band member and do not yet enjoy the full benefits of Canadian citizenship, if you're expecting to receive any sort of benefits following the return to peace time, it will be necessary that you become enfranchised and become a Canadian citizen in that sense. So apparently that indeed did happen with some individuals in some parts of the country. They were given false information, but the more than 306 nations band members who volunteered to serve and the 292 who finally shipped overseas. None of them were obliged to enfranchise in order to enlist the enlisted in their respective units and they returned retained their legal status and band membership at the same time. Back here in Canada, meanwhile, indigenous particularly First Nations folks were not being treated very well. Was there a distinction between the soldiers in terms of indigenous non indigenous? This seems to be another sort of a reality that another experience that many extended families share which are stories of family members having returned from overseas, having returned from wartime service and yet within Canadian borders being treated once again as second class citizens or worse and in fact my father was interviewed once concerning an experience of his own where he was denied entry into a bar and hagersville, which is a small town outside the 6 nations, and he was in naval uniform. And denied service, you know, they knew he was from the reserve and said, we're sorry, but we can't serve you here. And so that was, again, not something unique to our family. When I realized, of course, many indigenous families across the country have similar to our stories to tell. And of course, for the audience, we are talking about the first half of the 20th century First Nations were not treated as citizens in Canada. They couldn't vote until 1960. Why would they join the military to fight for a country that did not see the miss equals? It varied according to the conflict and it varied from Indian reserve community to Indian reserve. I don't want to give any sort of impression that indigenous people served out of some sort of quaint or naive sense of subservience to the British crown or to the king or queen is the case may be the issue of whether or not to serve was hugely divisive and, you know, I think if there's one generalization that can be made, is that generally speaking, indigenous people supported the continuity of crown government so long as that crown government continued to recognize and uphold Aboriginal and treaty rights in return. The Crown was under threat, and so too was the treaty relationship under threat and that being the case First Nations people felt obliged to protect the well-being of the treaty relationship. Yeah. Well, thank you so much for your time today, John. And of course for your service. Well, thank you. John Moses is a veteran and author, and a member of the Delaware and upper Mohawk bands from the 6 nations of the grand river territory. You're listening to unreserved on CBC radio one SiriusXM and native voice one Amazon a dear child. Today, indigenous veterans who fought for Canada and fought to protect the treaties. Names like sergeant Tommy prince and Francis pegahmagabow are remembered and celebrated. While many others, we are still rediscovering. After decades lie in unmarked graves, the names of 8 indigenous veterans are now etched in stone. Earlier this year, the mohawks of the bay of quinte found and marked their resting place and are taking action to make sure the soldiers are never forgotten again. Donald miracle is chief of the tie and naga Mohawk council. Chief miracle, welcome to the show. Good afternoon. summer, you helped mark those 8 graves with the names of veterans from your community. Would you take a moment with us to read the names of the men you now have markers for? Yes, the last postpone of veterans affairs saw installed a 5 markers at Christchurch. It's majesty's chapel royal of the Mohawk, our National Historic Site. And the veterans were Alfred miracle, Charles Clinton branch, Anthony miracle, and Joseph corby at the all saint cemetery to his Burton Brant, and William Brant, who served under the name Cyril, and in the Mohawk Pentecostal cemetery, there is Francis Randall brand. And why is it important for us to remember those men by name? Well, I think in all of the cemeteries that are in Canada, there are last post markers for veterans who are given their lives in service to their community. And the graves are certainly marked in the war graves in Europe. And so this is catching up to what needs to be done here in Canada for the indigenous people. And I'm sure that this situation is just on many other First Nations where there are veterans that have their grades have been forgotten. What would have prevented these veterans from having headstones in the first place? Well, sometimes the veterans affairs, if they paid for the entire cost of the funeral, then they would mark the grave. I think it was a policy and a communication problem. The historically, but if the family let's say bought the casket for their long run and then because the family had paid for some of the veterans repairs would pay for none of it. They'd have to pay for the whole thing. That was their policy, but I'm happy to see that there are becoming more flexible in their policy because it's important to honor people who served and people who given their lives for the freedom and peace that people oftentimes in this country take for granted. It was purchased at a very high cost of human life. How challenging it was it to track down the right information about these graves so that you
WTOP
"nations reserve" Discussed on WTOP
"And I'm Gigi Barnett, Mike Jacques is our producer. The top story, we're following developments in the war in Ukraine. Russian president Vladimir Putin has declared martial law in the four regions of Ukraine that will go into effect tomorrow. But there are concerns that he may call for an attack on other countries. National security correspondent JJ green is headed to Eastern Europe, and he joined us earlier to talk about that. The more he loses control, the more he seeks to grab for it, and there are some open discussion about will he now think more directly about using an a tactical nuclear weapon. He really doesn't have many options left in Ukraine because everything he's done has failed. The announcement follows several days of intense combat with Russia launching waves of missile and Iranian made kamikaze drone strikes in Ukraine that have targeted critical infrastructure and civilian areas. WNBA basketball star, Brittany griner, turned 32 years old yesterday, still in a Russian prison. But she did manage to send a message to her supporters saying all the support and love are definitely helping me. Griner is serving a 9 year prison sentence in Russia on drug charges. It's been 8 months since she who played for a Russian basketball team during the WNBA off season was arrested when authorities discovered vape cartridges with cannabis oil in her luggage at an airport near Moscow. Of her sentence is set to be heard next week. President Biden will announce the release of 15 million more barrels of oil from the U.S. strategic reserve today, the move is in response to recent production cuts announced by OPEC plus nations and completes the administration's plan to release a 180 million barrels of oil. That was first announced in the spring. Tom closer as chief oil analyst with the oil price information service. I think that the motion is going to be mostly lower for gas prices through the rest of 2022. And very, very high numbers for diesel Jeff fuel and heating oil. The latter really impacts inflation. So oil related inflation continues well into 2023. The White House has more oil sales from the nation's reserve stockpile are possible this winter to keep prices down. The president will speak about gas prices and his administration's efforts today. He's also expected to detail how he will refill the emergency reserve, which is at its lowest level in nearly 40 years. That reserve contains roughly 400 million barrels of oil
WTOP
"nations reserve" Discussed on WTOP
"And I'm Gigi Barnett. Mike chicas is our producer. The top story we're following is the latest on the Warren Ukraine. Russian president Vladimir Putin has declared martial law today in the four regions of Ukraine. Bosco illegally annexed. This comes after several days of intense combat with Russia, launching waves of missile and Iranian made kamikaze drones across Ukraine, targeting critical infrastructure and civilian areas. More now from WTO national security correspondent JJ green. The country has about one third of its power facilities damaged or out of operation. People are having trouble getting power and water. It takes time to fix these things, but the real cost here is the impact that it has on the ability for the military to communicate and also emergency functions like hospitals and first responders. They need that power they need that water and they're having trouble getting it right now. Putin has not immediately declared what steps would be taken under martial law, which he says becomes effective tomorrow. President Biden plans to talk gas prices later today as his administration follows through with a previously announced plan to draw more oil from the strategic petroleum for reserve. CBS White House correspondent Steven portnoy has more. The expected move would be in keeping with what the president said he would do 6 months ago. Essentially completing a 180 million barrel drawdown from the strategic petroleum reserve, which he announced in March. Republican critics say mister Biden has taken America's oil stockpile meant for emergencies down to historic lows. And earlier this month, OPEC plus coalition of oil producing nations led by Russia and Saudi Arabia announced that it would slash oil production by 2 million barrels a day, which would likely bring further gas price hikes to counter that President Biden will announce today that he's releasing 15 million more barrels from the nation's reserve. Polls regularly show that the economy and the rising cost of living are at the top of voters concerns. Campaign 2022 on WTO in Florida last night, democratic
WTOP
"nations reserve" Discussed on WTOP
"Bruce Allen And I'm Ann Kramer, a Keisha James is our producer in the top story we are following for you this morning new developments in the war in Ukraine. Russian president Vladimir Putin has declared martial law in the four regions of Ukraine. He illegally annexed last month. Here's WTO's national security correspondent JJ green. It's mostly desperation. And it means nothing to Ukraine. But it's a sign to western democracies that Putin might be getting even more irrational. The only thing positively it does for Russia is it gives military officials the ability to take direct control of civilian functions in these regions, but they're not in control of them and they're losing control of them so it really seems to speak to desperation. The announcement follows several days of intense combat with Russia launching waves of missile and Iranian made kamikaze drone strikes across Ukraine, targeting critical infrastructure and civilian areas. The missile strikes have caused rolling blackouts across Ukraine. Brittany griner turned 32 yesterday still in a Russian prison, but she did manage to send a message to her supporters, saying all the supported love are definitely helping me. The WNBA star is serving a 9 year prison sentence in Russia on drug charges. It's been 8 months since griner, who played for a Russian basketball team during the WNBA off season, was arrested when authorities discovered vape cartridges with cannabis oil in her luggage at an airport near Moscow. Reiner's appeal of her sentences due to be heard next week. President Biden said to announce the release of 15 million more barrels of oil from the U.S. strategic reserve, today's move is in response to recent production cuts announced by OPEC plus nations and completes the administration's plan to release 180 million barrels of oil, which was first announced this spring. The White House says more oil sales from the nation's reserve stockpile are possible. This winter in order to keep prices down. Now, the president will speak about gas prices and his administration's efforts today. He is also expected to detail how he will refill the emergency reserve, which is at its lowest level in nearly 40 years. The reserve contains roughly 400 million barrels of oil right
Talk Is Jericho
"nations reserve" Discussed on Talk Is Jericho
"Was there more about the actual road trips and the vans and all that sort of stuff? Yeah, definitely the treacherous winter icy roads of death where a lot of these guys would be stranded and they'd have to burn things to keep warm and it was like kind of putting your life on the line with some of those crazy trips they would do back in the stampede days. So we definitely get into that. We get into also you mentioned bad news Allen. I mean, there's definitely there's a crazy story about a riot that bad news Allen sort of started, which actually kind of killed the territory for a while. It actually stew lost his promoter license and they had to start running shows on First Nations reserves because of what had happened in bad news kind of getting pretty wild. What's interesting too? Because Ed whalen, who was the announcer, also had a lot of influence because he was kind of the liaison for the TV station as well. I think it was actually at whale and who pulled it. He was like, you know, I'm not involved. I don't want to be involved with this or something along those lines. Yeah, he basically quit, I think, right after that angle. It took the TV with him. Yeah, exactly. Yeah. So that was, and I think that was the first time stamp. Because then stampede came back, of course, you know, later after that. But yeah, just a wild story. So you kind of get a breath of, you know, sort of the evocative elements of traveling in a territory like that with the weather conditions. Stu as just a colorful character, obviously. And then also just some of the wild angles that and riots are another big theme that come up a lot in the show. There's a lot of riot stories for sure. Well yeah, and I think she wants to again before we move on, is that Calgary was the one terrorism when we were talking about Polynesian Pacific pro and Texas and Florida. There's no ice and snow in those areas. This is the one kind of frozen tundra, how the hell do you get to the show in a February blizzard that you won't get in any other territory stories? Yeah, exactly. So who Jeff for the lineup for Portland? Oh, Portland's a great one. Portland is awesome. It's a really, really fun episode with a lot of weird stories. There was a lot of weird angles going on in Portland. But we had Len Denton, the
WTOP
"nations reserve" Discussed on WTOP
"Associated with sexual contact. This is the CBS world news roundup late edition. I'm Jennifer Kuiper in Chicago. Now in custody in Canada, the second suspect in the stabbing deaths of ten people in Saskatchewan, CBS Chris Marie. Miles Sanderson's run from the law ended on the side of a highway in the town of Roth sun Saskatchewan. That's about 80 miles from the Cree nation reserve where the manhunt started. The mounties boxed in the stolen truck he was driving in and arrested him, ending three days of terror in this mostly rural Canadian province. Sanderson's brother and fellow suspect Damien was found dead Monday, deadly wildfires and broiling temperatures in California. The heat goes on, temperatures in many places continue to top a hundred, this man just dealing with it. He's hot, but you know, you got to work through it. The high temperatures have sparked numerous wildfires. It's also pushing California's power system to the limit. Governor Gavin Newsom says there could be blackouts. The risk for outages is real, and it's immediate. This man is ready if it does happen. Portable lights, portable fan, get that all squared away so that if it does go out, we're prepared. With heat, fires and possible power outages, it is unpleasant right now in the Golden State. Steve utter man CBS News Los Angeles. New details from The Washington Post about what was in the documents recovered by the FBI at Mar-a-Lago, CBS and Skyler Henry. CBS News has not verified the report, but sources say this type of information is highly classified and is called compartmented intelligence because it's only accessible on a need to know basis to a very few number of people such as the president unlimited number of cabinet secretaries and those directly running an operation. A Michigan judge rules that the state's nearly century old abortion law is unconstitutional, allowing women to have the right to abortion, Loyola law school, professor Laurie Levinson. But one that only governs in Michigan. And one that only governs until you have maybe a higher court in the state, look at it and say, either something differently or review a new law that provides that right. CBS is Alexander tin with the development on monkeypox. After emphasizing for months that monkeypox was not considered a sexually transmitted disease, the CDC has now dropped that caveat from its guidance, which now says the current outbreak is quote almost exclusively associated with sexual contact. The shift comes as worries have grown about the virus spreading beyond men who have sex with men who currently make up the majority of newly reported cases. Dow closes up 436 points now this. This hour's newscast is presented by rocket mortgage. Need to know what it takes for a home loan to fit your budget and your family, rocket
AP News Radio
Family says traumatic loss, not suspects' motive, is the story
"A close knit community in Saskatchewan is grieving after a series of deadly stabbings The deaths of ten people in Canada is raising questions about why the main suspect with 59 previous convictions was on the streets in the first place but saskatoon tribal leader Mark arkan says his family's story is about the victims First nation's culture the matriarchal society She lived that He says his half sister Bonnie burns and her son Gregory were killed and another son was stabbed She was protecting her son Arcan rushed to the James Smith Cree nation reserve the morning of the rampage We shed a lot of tears in the last couple of days Audio courtesy CTV I'm Jennifer King
WNYC 93.9 FM
"nations reserve" Discussed on WNYC 93.9 FM
"Subtle impact that climate change can have on the behavior of the jet stream that gives us these devastating summer extreme weather events. And so that's right. If anything, the science has been overly conservative. All right, so given then what we're all experiencing right now, what do local governments need to do to protect people? Not just today, but in the coming weeks, months and possibly years. Low income communities in particular often are the most prone to these extreme events. And so we need to provide resources to frontline communities to deal with the devastating impacts. But we have to prevent this problem from getting even worse and the only way we do that is by getting off of fossil fuels is by decarbonizing our economy moving as rapidly as possible away from the burning of fossil fuels, and we need politicians who will support policies to do that. There's an upcoming election, a midterm election this fall, where we can turn out and vote for policymakers who are willing to act on the defining crisis of our time, which is in fact the climate crisis. A lot of times when we have these kind of conversations, Michael, we always hear dates. If we don't do this by this year, then we've gone too far. We reached a point in overturn. Have we lost the ability to limit at least some of the impacts of climate change by now? Sometimes, you know, we frame this as if it's some sort of cliff that we go off at 3°F warming or 4°F warming. That's not what it is. It's a minefield and we're walking farther and farther out onto that minefield and the farther we walk out onto that minefield the more danger that we are going to encounter. So at this point, it's about limiting the danger is about limiting the damage. We're not going to avoid dangerous climate change impacts because we're already seeing them. At this point, it's a matter of making sure that we don't let it get worse. And so there is urgency, but as I like to say, there is agency. There is still time to take the actions necessary to avert truly catastrophic global scale climate consequences. Professor Michael Mann at Penn State university author of the new climate war, Michael thanks a lot. Thank you. It was a pleasure talking with you. Pope Francis is traveling across Canada this week to deliver in person apologies to indigenous people for the Catholic Church's role in running residential schools for indigenous children. Today, the Pope will meet with the mask with cheese community, Emma Jacobs visited the first nation's reserve south of Edmonton and brings us this story. Well, there you can see one right to the left of the tree. Oh yeah. Brian wildcat crawls his pickup around the edge of the ermine skin cemetery. His son Matt in the passenger seat. Most of the markers
WNYC 93.9 FM
"nations reserve" Discussed on WNYC 93.9 FM
"Subtle impact that climate change can have on the behavior of the jet stream that gives us these devastating summer extreme weather events. And so that's right. If anything, the science has been overly conservative. All right, so given then what we're all experiencing right now, what do local governments need to do to protect people? Not just today, but in the coming weeks, months and possibly years. Low income communities in particular often are the most prone to these extreme events. And so we need to provide resources to frontline communities to deal with the devastating impacts. But we have to prevent this problem from getting even worse and the only way we do that is by getting off of fossil fuels is by decarbonizing our economy, moving as rapidly as possible away from the burning of fossil fuels, and we need politicians who will support policies to do that. There's an upcoming election, a midterm election this fall, where we can turn out and vote for policymakers who are willing to act on the defining crisis of our time, which is in fact the climate crisis. A lot of times when we have these kind of conversations, Michael, we always hear dates. If we don't do this by this year, then we've gone too far. We've reached a point in overturn. Have we lost the ability to limit at least some of the impacts of climate change by now? Sometimes, you know, we frame this as if it's some sort of cliff that we go off at 3°F warming or 4°F warming. That's not what it is. It's a minefield and we're walking farther and farther out onto that minefield and the farther we walk out onto that minefield, the more danger that we are going to encounter. So at this point, it's about limiting the danger, it's about limiting the damage. We're not going to avoid dangerous climate change impacts because we're already seeing them. At this point, it's a matter of making sure that we don't let it get worse. And so there is urgency, but as I like to say, there is agency. There is still time to take the actions necessary to avert truly catastrophic global scale climate consequences. Professor Michael Mann at Penn State university author of the new climate war, Michael thanks a lot. Thank you. It was a pleasure talking with you. Pope Francis is traveling across Canada this week to deliver in person apologies to indigenous people for the Catholic Church's role in running residential schools for indigenous children. Today, the Pope will meet with the mask with cheese community, Emma Jacobs visited the first nation's reserve south of Edmonton and brings us this story. Oh, there you can see one right to the left of the tree. Oh yeah. Brian wildcat crawls his pickup around the edge of the ermine skin cemetery. His son Matt in the passenger seat. Most of the markers are wooden crosses, but some of the newer ones have a second symbol, a circle around them. It's kind of a pre believe people refer to it. Sometimes it's medicine wheel. One of the first of the circle markers belongs
Bloomberg Radio New York
"nations reserve" Discussed on Bloomberg Radio New York
"The Bloomberg business app This is Bloomberg radio Now a global news update The U.S. is expected to aid in the transfer of Soviet era tanks to Ukraine That's according to The New York Times which first reported on the transfer Officials familiar with the plan have declined to comment on how many takes will be sent to Ukraine or when This announcement comes after Ukrainian president Vladimir zelensky has repeatedly requested additional tanks and military equipment from the U.S. and other NATO countries Reporters on the ground in Ukraine say Russian forces are mining homes and bodies as they are being forced to retreat from Kyiv calling it one of the tactics in Russia's dirty war against Ukraine NBC correspondent Ali aruzi said such booby trapping make cities like Kyiv a very dangerous place to come home to for civilians He added that fighting is likely to resume near the capital city The report comes after multiple Ukrainian officials announced that their military had retaken the key region Pope Francis is hinting at a possible visit to war torn Ukraine The Pope told reporters that he's looking into the possibility of traveling to Kyiv after the battered city's mayor invited him to come as a messenger of peace the Ponte have also took a veiled jab at Russian president Vladimir Putin Speaking to diplomats in Malta about Europe's worsening migration crisis the Pope described the war as infantile and destructive aggression A U.S. judge in New York is refusing to throw out Ghislaine Maxwell's sex trafficking conviction Aaron real reports Friday judge Alison J Nathan declined to order a new trial after questioning a juror under oath in a New York courtroom about why he failed to disclose his personal history of childhood sexual abuse on a questionnaire during the jury selection process Maxwell a British socialite was convicted in December of helping millionaire Jeffrey Epstein sexually abused several teenage girls Nathan said the jurors failure to disclose his prior sexual abuse during the jury selection process was highly unfortunate but not deliberate I'm Julie Ryan A former Chrysler CEO says it's a misnomer to blame Russia for soaring gas prices more from Brian shook Robert nardi said the nation has been facing the issue for some time before Russia invaded Ukraine He added that he's glad President Biden is releasing oil from the nation's reserves but he's concerned how the country will replenish that supply Nardelli said releasing the reserves means the country will not have a surplus of oil and energy if there is a national disaster He compared it to the lack of respirators at the beginning of the pandemic A Miami open champion will be crowned this afternoon with tennis history on the line After winning 16 matches in a row including the last tournament in Indian Wells iga S.W.A.T. tech will become world number one on Monday win or lose Her opponent former world number one Naomi Osaka knows it's a big accomplishment It's just incredible to see like she's still in this tournament She's still fighting and you know she's going to be number one In fact only three women have won the so called sunshine double This year's California state fair will feature a cannabis competition It'll be the first state agency sanctioned awards program specifically for cannabis Unlike other cannabis competitions it will not involve a panel of judges smoking the entries Instead each entry will undergo a lab analysis and be scored on their chemical compounds and whether they were grown indoors outdoors or from a mixed light source organizers at the California state fair say the intent is to educate the public about cannabis as an agricultural product fight the black market and encourage licensing Gas prices are edging downward for the third day in a row the triple-A station survey finds the national average price for regular is down another penny to $4 and 21 cents a gallon Gas prices are below $4 a gallon in 22 states led by Missouri where the statewide average is down to three 76 a gallon California still has the highest prices in the U.S. at 5 88 a gallon I'm Julie Ryan And I'm susannah Palmer in the Bloomberg newsroom New York State outlined its second COVID booster eligibility guidance today This just stays after the 5 boroughs started offering the fourth vaccine doses following the federal government's okay of those shots earlier in the week The eligibility expansion mirrors that outlined by the FDA and the CDC New Yorkers who are 50 and older who got their first booster at least four months ago adult Johnson & Johnson vaccine recipients last boosted at least four months ago and all age 12 and up who are moderately to severely immunocompromised are included Johnson & Johnson vaccine recipients can get a second booster of any mRNA COVID vaccine which means Pfizer or Moderna Those younger than 17 though must still stick to the Pfizer vaccine Prospective New York University students and their parents were getting an unwelcome taste of the Big Apple's homeless crisis as they toured the college's Greenwich Village campus on Monday The post reports the.
Bloomberg Radio New York
"nations reserve" Discussed on Bloomberg Radio New York
"Line with CDC recommendations Vice president Harris received her first COVID-19 booster shot in October Gas prices are edging downward for the third day in a row The triple-A station survey finds the national average price for regular is down another penny to $4 and 21 cents a gallon The mega millions jackpot is getting bigger lottery officials say there were no tickets sold with all 6 numbers in last night's drawing That means Tuesday's jackpot will be worth $81 million Friday's numbers were 26 42 47 48 63 and the mega number was 21 As for tonight's Powerball drawing that's where $222 million I'm Julie Ryan A former Chrysler CEO says it's a misnomer to blame Russia for soaring gas prices More from Brian shook Robert nardi said the nation has been facing the issue for some time before Russia invaded Ukraine He added that he's glad President Biden is releasing oil from the nation's reserves but he's concerned how the country will replenish that supply Nardi said releasing the reserves means the country will not have a surplus of oil and energy if there is a national disaster Northern California health experts are shedding light on the neurological condition that caused action legend Bruce Willis to leave his acting career Nika maga has the story Sutter health neurologist doctor Minaj middle discusses how aphasia affects a person's cognitive abilities Aphasia is a neurological condition to people may have difficulty either understanding words or producing words or expressing themselves Aphasia can be caused by stroke a brain infection certain autoimmune diseases or a traumatic brain injury The city of Los Angeles is unveiling a new plan to address homelessness On Friday the California city agreed to spend up to $3 billion over the next 5 years to provide beds to those without homes The agreement aims to provide living arrangements to.
Unreserved
"nations reserve" Discussed on Unreserved
"Land? Well, city lands are managed by the municipality. And so city lands are subject to provincial laws, federal laws, but they're really managed by a mayor and council. They have regulations and bylaws that ensure that the neighborhoods are planned in a certain way and that garbage pick up happens on a certain day and the lights are working in the streets, those are typically the functions of the municipality. Whereas First Nations reserves are governed by both the First Nations with the federal government, most likely Indian and northern affairs, Canada. But will they follow the same rules, quote unquote, as municipalities do? Urban reserves do not have to follow municipal zoning bylaws, rules, et cetera, it really is a new era for urban planning, especially for these new urban reserves where like sana here in Vancouver, they do not have to follow a lot of the rules that other developments need to consider like heights or how many units are within a property. They get to determine what they want and no one can tell them otherwise. And while that is absolutely the way it should be, how did they then work with municipalities so that we're not bumping up against one another. Well, this is the interesting place where First Nations and municipalities are finding themselves today. Typically First Nations haven't had strong relationships with municipalities. And this is because municipalities have seen First Nations issues as not my jurisdiction. They've seen First Nations as a federal jurisdiction to manage. But with new urban reserves, we're looking at municipalities needing to partner and collaborate with First Nations on issues such as ensuring that sewage and water can be accommodated in the new properties or like the sanak property in Vancouver that surrounding amenities like community centers and schools and fire stations can be built to ensure that they can meet the demand of all of these new residents thousands of new residents. So it's up to the municipality to really come on in and provide a lot of these extra community based services. Right. So it's definitely an ongoing negotiation sort of dance around the table. How do you think that they would be mutually beneficial for cities? What do cities get out of it? Well, cities are all developed on stolen indigenous lands. And cities need to undertake a lot of work to ensure that its residents understand whose indigenous lands they are that they can understand the indigenous place names that cities have renamed over the last number of centuries. And this can be accomplished through a meaningful relationship with local First Nations. There's so much co learning that can take place. And I feel like having indigenous knowledge reflected in how cities are planned and named and designs are huge benefit to all urban residents. And for the work that I'm undertaking with cities today, residents are really curious about indigenous place names about the histories of these lands before colonization and their eager to revitalize this knowledge. We're also seeing cities undertake a lot of work to ensure that the climate emergency that we're in is planned with appropriate mitigation measures and what better place for indigenous knowledge to be reflected in urban planning than to ensure that our land and water stewardship practices are included in how cities manage their waterways and how cities manage their green spaces and there are so many benefits that cities can gain through partnering with local First Nations communities. I love that sort of a shift in how you even look at negotiations, right? Yes, yeah. And this work is less about negotiations and more about sitting at a table to learn about one another. And really engaging and collaborating with one another because this work needs to take place and it is taking place regardless. And so what better way to learn about one another than to be curious and to be respectful and that is less of a negotiation style and more of a relationship. Absolutely. You mentioned that, of course, you're in Vancouver and the squamish nation there is currently developing an urban reserve, or maybe the better word for that is currently reclaiming an urban reserve. How is this idea of building a relationship and including and collaborating helped in that development and in that reclaiming? Well, the squamish nation is really responding to the demand that a lot of major cities in this country are facing. In that, there's a shortage of affordable housing. And affordable rental housing. And so what we have in Vancouver is the local first nation really picking up and caring for residents probably more so than local governments here are caring for their residents by meeting that housing demand. And this is a great example of what it looks like when you're able to create a place where residents are really eager to respect local First Nations protocols, understand the traditions and how they can be brought into the public sphere in a way that we've never seen in this country before. First nation's cultures have largely been hidden from the public eye and what better place to showcase and highlight indigenous culture and tradition than in cities where the majority of indigenous peoples in this country live and the majority of Canadians live. Can you educate Canada in terms of how the squamish were displaced from that from that territory, now that they're returning to it? Here in Vancouver, we have first nation that was displaced a number of times. And so they weren't just displaced once, but they were pushed out again and again in a game. And we have family members from squamish nation here today who still have elders who have shared stories of what it was like to be a little kid and displaced from their own home and to see lawn houses being burned and to not know where they were going to turn. There are.
Encyclopedia Womannica
"nations reserve" Discussed on Encyclopedia Womannica
"Hello. From wonder media network, I'm Jenny Kaplan, and this is romantica. This month we're highlighting indigenous women from around the globe. Today, we're talking about a woman who broke barriers and encouraged those around her to do the same. She was the first indigenous woman in Canada to become a registered nurse, and the first indigenous woman to gain the right to vote in a Canadian election. Let's talk about Charlotte Edith Anderson montour. Charlotte Edith Anderson montour, who mostly went by Edith, was born in 1890 on the 6 nations reserve in OS weekend, near brantford Ontario. She was of Mohawk descent. Edith excelled in school and was a high school graduate, a rare accomplishment for Canadian women, both indigenous and non indigenous at that time. She wanted to go to nursing school, the Canadian federal law prohibited indigenous students from enrolling. Still, Edith didn't let that stop her. Instead, she applied to New York's New Rochelle nursing school and was accepted. In 1914, Edith graduated at the top of her class and became the first Canadian indigenous registered nurse. Edith worked as a nurse in New York until 1917 when the U.S. entered into World War I. She then joined the U.S. Army nursing corps, along with 14 other Canadian nurses. Her community expected her to die overseas. Before she left, she received ceremonial Mohawk clothing to wear and burial. Nevertheless, a 27 years old, Edith traveled to France and began treating wounded soldiers. The working conditions were harrowing. Edith worked 14 hour shifts in brutal wartime conditions, sometimes witnessing whole towns being demolished. Even in the midst of this violence, Edith made deep human connections. She befriended a 20 year old soul named Earl king. She called him her pet patient. He had been shot in the neck, but they all expected him to make a full recovery. Unexpectedly, Earl hemorrhaged and died one morning. Edith wrote in her diary, my heart was broken. Cried most of the day and could not sleep. She reached out to Earl's parents and formed a friendship with them, later going to visit them in Iowa. When Edith returned from the war, she was granted the right to vote. In Canada, the military voters act of 1917 gave all Canadians who served in the war the right to vote. Including Edith. Indigenous women generally in Canada didn't gain the right to vote until 1960. Edith eventually moved back to the reservation where she grew up, and worked as a nurse there until 1955. She had 5 children. Helen Moses, her daughter. Continued her mother's legacy, becoming a founding member of the Canadian indigenous nurses association. In 1996, Edith died just a few days before her 106th birthday..
The Moth
"nations reserve" Discussed on The Moth
"My cue and the cops say yeah right buddy. Don't go anywhere but at that moment. Graham here's his cue line and he runs on the stage pursued by the police. Who at that moment realized that he was in fact in a play and so were they really liked the story because i think it says something about the visibility of first nations people and indigenous people in the city There is this idea that they are unseen unless they're presumed guilty so i'm first nations. I'm mohawk in tuscaroras from six nations reserve. Which is about an hour and a half outside the city and to look at me. A lot of people would not guess that i am and that can be hard because you don't want to walk through the city. I'm just some white chick. And when i'm on the reserve it's who the hell is that white chick and it hurts. You know because. I'm really proud of lamb where i come from and my family and so i work in theater and a few years ago i was approached by summer works theater festival. Which is a festival here in town and they asked me. They said hey. Do you want to create a walking tour. I was like what does that mean. exactly like what. We wanna do walking tours for the festival this year. And we want you to make one. So it's got to be about an hour long and it has to be around our festival hub. Which is the main venue for the festival and it can be about whatever you want. And so i thought about it. The thing is the festival hub was really close to the intersection of queen and spina. And if you're not familiar with that area it can be kind of rough. There's a large homeless population there and a lot of the people who live there are first nations so i thought about myself my pink pink self walking through that area giving tour and it made me a little bit uncomfortable but then i thought you know what maybe this is a good opportunity for me to really address my white complex to get over some stuff deal with it and also. The graham greene story had happened near that intersection. So i thought okay well. At least i have. That can always rely on that. So i said yes so i put the tour together and i decided to call it invisible. Toronto and i talk about sort of racism in the city. I talk about wooden. Indians and halloween costumes and sports team mascots and how racism has become so embedded in our culture. That we don't see it anymore. I talk about the history of the city. Pre paper the indigenous history of the city. I talk about a drop in center. That's in the area where they offer services for some of the homeless population. Things like internet and telephone in the fridge to store food. I talk about colonization and genocide and a really entertaining way. And then i get to tell my graham greene story. So do the tour. It's going well. People seem to like it off. And i'm on my second to last tour of the series. And i get ready to go out and i look at the group of people that i'm going to be guiding that day and i see there's a couple of artistic directors in the audience and i'm like that's good and there's the usual suspects these sort of like older women who look like young grandmothers who are wearing floral dresses and sunhats and lots of sunscreen and tote bags cats on it and there's the artistic types the theater types those kinds of folks and there's also always one older white men who fancies himself a historian. He's there to make sure. I am not bring this up and so we sat on the tour. I'm talking about it and everyone seems to like it seems to be going really well and good good. This is going good until about the midpoint of the tour where a really drunk really rowdy really bloody guy decides to join us and so. I'm struggling here because i can see. It's making people kind of uncomfortable that this guy is standing there but also this whole thesis might be tourists who make the invisible seen to make people have to see this kind of thing. So i'm like okay. What do i do here. So i hand them a little flyer that explains with tourism. What we're doing and he takes it reads. It seems to like it and so he comes along and we get to. The graham greene stop and he loves the story like us laughing harder and longer than anyone else like. It is the funniest thing that he has ever heard in his entire life. But people on the tour getting really uncomfortable here. They look kind of afraid and to be honest. I'm a little bit afraid of him. He's covered in blood. So i tell him i'm like okay. Listen you can come but you have to be quiet all right and he goes okay. Okay and so we continue on and we get to the stop where i talk about the drop in center in the services. They offer a icy phone when an internet and he screams lockers lockers lockers. And i say guess they have lockers. Which is a really important thing..
As It Happens from CBC Radio
"nations reserve" Discussed on As It Happens from CBC Radio
"Ca slash. Ai h It happened so suddenly one ago today. Residents of leading british columbia and the surrounding area were forced to flee their homes. Firewood ended up devastating. The village leaving ruined houses and acres charred ground. Janet webster is the chief of the lytton first nation which had dozens of members living in town and about nine hundred living nearby on reserve this afternoon. She was asked whether people were getting adequate. Government support including mental health support with people spread out alerts. Really hard i know. The first nation health authority has been helped bring mental house to the different various locations. I'm not sure of all. The people are taking that support. Because i'm still hearing that people are under a lot of stress. They don't know what to they have no home to go to somewhere. Traumatized running through the town was a fire on the the fire running through town and trying to get out and so there is a lot of trauma. And i can't tell you if they're really getting the support because like i said they're so spread out all over your i remember the the conversations when people i had to flee there. Were so many question marks about what's left of our town. Is my house still there. Are you know grocery stores still there. So you were able to tour. The area You know there were helicopter tours. There some car tours through their kim. Can you take us back to that moment. Just what was going through your mind as you saw the site for the first time after the fire. This very emotional time for me to see. I went to boston to get on a helicopter to go oversee. The community of lytton first nation reserves were burnt today. The buyers are still burning. We in our back of our bali about fifteen kilometers out. We still have fire in our mirror. Leaks potanin pacifico and another area that they call lookout Were hunters goal are gathering of our foods of its. They're still fired today. In a damage it was very emotional sight to see. Our people's homes burnt our community. Burn down to nothing. Nothing really there and soda so emotional. They also took me on a tour to my area where i live about nine ten miles or return on a little over we. The fire got there from onto mile are four-mile to nine mile in on what it couldn't took the homes to but thanks to the firefighters they were able to save a homeless except one Home near seven mile. That was chief. Janet webster of the lytton first nation. Speaking with the cbs's gloria makarenko one month after fire devastated the bc community of lytton..
Ahkameyimok Podcast with Perry Bellegarde
"nations reserve" Discussed on Ahkameyimok Podcast with Perry Bellegarde
"In my mind the right the right thinking put in my mouth the right words give me the right power and strength to be able to do the work so that we can continue to help me help them. Help life continue. Because at the end of the day it's all about the continuation of life not just human being's life everything that exists within the world animals. Burs trees the water to fish all the things that exist asunder moon the stars. Everything that is. They're working as i love the way might Might teacher the late gic swamped. We'll talk about that. He says imagine all of the elements in the natural world. He says as members of one big family all working together for the continuation of life. He's like home man hall. Beautiful is that marian crow chief executive officer of the first nations health managers association. I am especially inspired by A young woman that used to be on our staff while she's on leave right now and this is why i'm hopeful. Juanita records a first nation nurse from northern ontario working with fema who decided during this pandemic. She was going to go run to the fire not from it. She went home to her own community and as nursing. And what more inspiration. Julie need other than that is how we live. We go home. We give the support skills and all of the knowledge that we have back to the community and that to me is an example of hope resiliency and just who we are as indigenous people way davis an award winning author explorer filmmaker harvard trained botanist and professor of anthropology at the university of british columbia and a leading expert and supporter of indigenous language. Culture knowledge. What gives you hope. Harry ed you give me hope my friend. I mean honestly the very fact that we have an assembly first nations that we have a national chief a given that diseases swept away ninety percent of your ancestors within a generation of contact this this notion that indigenous people were decimated a false use of the language because decimate in latin means to kill one in ten. It was the opposite. It was nine in father berry said in his book. A dream of the earth the very fact that the first nations are still with us is itself in a sense miraculous. Marielle enter pella fond. Judge a lawyer an advocate for children's rights and she's author of a report on racism in british columbia's healthcare system. So it gives me a lot of hope is how i've been seeing in real time this. Un declaration that people think it's some abstract thing for lawyers or whatever but it's so fundamentally helpful when people in the system understand discrimination they have like putting on a new set of glasses they see it differently and suddenly. Everything's easy right. So what. I find really. Hopeful is if we really embraced but commitment to ending discrimination implementing the declaration if health professionals got trained and in the house and we had good training to understand. Why are these articles in this declaration. So important why are we implementing it because it allows us to deal with racism. Yes we have to deal with lands and territories and many many other issues as well and you know free. Prior consent is really important. Absolutely i'm i i it's like it's but so much information. So much chatter has been on that as opposed to hey. Don't you want end racism. This is a great tool. So what gives me really big. Hope is this has been Embassy i hope it spreads i hope nationally we do have a federal entrepot legistlation. The declaration is implemented. I do hope that means candidate changes the national health and puts a commitment to anti-racism in there. I see how easy it is. Once you start down that path like how easy it is but if you're in the path of fighting you know the healthcare system wanna be indian fighters and risk disrespect people. I think a lot of our young people who i educate law students and others you know. They're they're just going to sue your pants off and you're gonna lose anyway so you might as well work with us. Jagmeet singh leader of the federal new democratic party. Young people give me hope when you go anywhere across this country when you speak to young people and see how much they care. A that with young kids who've never met an indigenous person or have never gone to an indigenous reserve or first nations reserve. And they care they say. Why is it in our country that they don't have clean drinking water when i see young kids. Raise this who've never been exposed to a directly but just care because they've got compassion. It's a reminds me that there is so much potential for us to to make a difference. When i see people You know thousands of young people take to the streets and say we wanna see changes to protect our environment. I'm inspired by that. And it gives me a lot of hope. Bobby joe green and morgan grant chief and president of the kitchen tribal council. I had told an encouragement. When i seen how are people in our communities our local chiefs in and leadership in the communities how they work together Soon as things were a pandemic in march the community response plans. It's like it was so great to see like all these important things sometimes of politics. You see these things disagreements. And all these things i you know very well. Everything was just put aside and the importance of taking care of the people community response. People were working together. That really gave me hope. Because i think this is what this is who we are. We're not all that political white van government style of doing things. This is who we are and the my point them getting shares. This pandemic experience also made a lot of us. reaffirm We need to protect care. Quickly things start shutting down. You've been up here chief. Perry you seeing the how long the dempster highway is often goes under closure for different reasons but if trucks were to stop you know. Our fuels ship are trucked in. Our food is trucked in and things you know. Shelves people are worried about shelves going bear. Maybe trucks not being able to come in and things shutting down and i looked around in our communities and we were Blessed as people this winter and spring because we had a lot of caribou care were in the winter in area Which was a good thing for us because people were able to harvest than have their freezers full. And and those who were done their harvest you know started helping and harvesting for those who might not have had the means to get out there elderly Single fat single parent families things like that and everyone was just ticked trend looking out for each other and making sure that everyone had full freezers and not just reaffirmed. You know this is. This is what money can't buy. You got a global pan-demic everything crashing down money being lost tyranny market. But we had food. We are freezers where four we didn't have to depend on. You know the meat that is getting shipped in from the south kevin loring of the incorrect kuchma nation in british columbia. He's the artistic director of the indigenous theater at the national.
The Current
"nations reserve" Discussed on The Current
"The calls for us. Remember the second part of what i said those who died because of this country so we think about our blessings about the many things that we have. We also think you know we should take some time here and thank all of the basics. Like you know what i mean. Do we love this place because we love this place. We wanna make it better because it's not where it needs to be and it's not where it should be. What about for you failing. What is what is candidates. What t- twenty-one into this year is definitely a different year. And i have to say i am comforted but i mean it it. It does feel nice that there. There are places in this country there cities in the country. That are that are pulling back on celebrations. Or cancelling it. That does that feels nice coming off. I don't want us to forget. Don't want the news cycle to change us to forget that there's currently in this moment looking for bodies of children. It feels like maybe this year to be more reflective in this moment and consider the history. This might be a good time for us to all do that instead of you know because and really consider what it means to be canadian. What does that mean. Because i feel like canada is constantly struggling for identities beyond hockey maple syrup canadian bacon. I'm like who are we who are we. What is our history. And how do we go forward. How do you answer that. I mean who are we. Do you think. I mean. I know who i am. I know who i am. I am mohawk tusk. Grower from six nations reserve. And i'm bear clan My people sided with the crown. We were in upstate new york. We sided with the crown and we ended up in canada and we were given attractive. Land the haldeman tract where there is currently land defender sitting on that piece of land. Defending it holding it. That's where i come from. That's who i am. I'm really grateful to have the chance to speak with you both Thank you very much. Thank you both. thank you matt. Fail and johnson's the co host of the cbc podcast. The secret life of canada. And she's the host of unreserved anthony. Wilson smith is ceo of historic canada. The makers of heritage minutes as he mentioned there is content about indigenous people in residential schools on the site and they are working currently to add more of that content later in the program. I'll speak with two other guests about what canada means to them. Japanese canadian author mark sakamoto and olympian. Schefter michelle for team canada in tokyo. Marnie mc bean all of this leading up to a special candidate edition of the current. Tomorrow with calgary mayor now had nici citizenship. Judge suzanne carriere musician shad and others reflecting on life in this country. We would be happy to hear from you as well. What does it mean to be canadian in. Twenty twenty one. You can email us the current at cbc dot ca for more cbc podcasts goto cbc dot ca slash podcasts..
MEDIA INDIGENA : Indigenous current affairs
"nations reserve" Discussed on MEDIA INDIGENA : Indigenous current affairs
"I thought that was the whole point of the market system was to get as much money as you can. I thought we're supposed to trust in. Capitalism can can the invisible hand not have brown skin. Look good line. I mean also like framing people who can afford a second home like a second recreational home as this you know. Tormented discriminated against the cress group. And it's a an indigenous community efforts nation's reserve that has very few economic resources. Like that's one of the points here. Is that these lands released out. Presumably by the department because so many of the original leases that were created by the department of indian affairs as it was known back then were absolutely not in favor of the first nations community. They were to the benefit of outsiders so they could come on waste. Prime agricultural land or in this case recreational and lakefront and as you mentioned the amounts that actually ended up being adjusted were so low so in this particular the feature tastes of this one person is profiled it was challenged in and his rate went from seven hundred and fifty seven dollars to as you mentioned one thousand one hundred sixty two annually. So that's i mean we're talking about sixty dollars a month up to less than a hundred dollars a month and in what's with this. You know it is dishonest to use percentiles when an absolute number will convey the information. More appropriately. I mean this is just an. It's still being rain.
The Big Story
A sugar tax on drinks in Canada? Would it even work?
"It's sold to us, and it's been sold to us a few times by now as a health issue, but it always goes beyond that, especially in the minds of the people who'd be paying it. The World Health Organization is urging global action to reduce the amount of sugary drinks being consumed around the world. This suggestion is the by implementing a twenty percent increase on the retail price of sugary beverages. It would result in a substantial decrease in the amount of sugar filled drinks people consume. There is currently a movement to foot among some liberal MP's to add a sugary soda tax to the party's platform for this fall's election. And we have some questions chief among them is this, even if we ignore all the arguments that come up as soon as sugar taxes, raised about personal responsibility about freedom of choice about small business owners in about who this would actually hurt would it even work. What would this tax be designed to achieve? And is there any research out there supporting this approach Canada after all is not the first country to consider, and even implement? Attacks on sugary sodas. So let's go into this with clear expectations and a barometer for success before we asked Canadians to pay more for a coke. Jordan heath Rawlings. And this is the big story, Natalie read acre is a researcher at the university of Manitoba, who has been studying a sugary soda tax. I would it work would Canadian support it. What are the costs and benefits? Hi, natalie. Thanks for having how often do does this kind of thing, come up. I mean it seems it seems like it's something we hear about somewhere else in the world fairly frequently. I'll it's coming up more and more. Frequently a number of countries have implemented a sugar sweetened beverage tax over the last, I would say five years, especially and then in two thousand sixteen the World Health Organization, formerly endore endorsed sugar sweetened beverage tax, and so that kind of put it back into the forefront of public health officials and that resulted in more countries implementing such attacks. So what does excessive sugar intake look? Like in Canada. What are we struggling with well sugar intake in Canada is a bit of a moving target. Because it's always changing and changing over time as, as all food, patterns, do sugar intake in Canada has increased probably from about the nineteen eighties up until the early two thousands with sugar sweetened beverages, contributing the most to free sugar intake in Canada. However, since about two thousand four intake of sugar, sweetened beverages, like pop or Kool aid, or Tang, those types of drinks, have decreased over the last ten years, but the most commonly consumed sugar sweetened beverage in Canada is actually sugar, sweetened coffee, real nets in crew that's increased since two thousand and four. So that also includes drinks like Frappuccino or rapid. Closed. Those types of drinks, so, like anything, not just food. I mean, there's fads, right? And in the past, and I mean, people still drink pop up that tended to be one of the biggest contributors to sugar intake in Canada. So what would a sugar tax actually do in Canada? What would it look like? And I guess just based on the research you're doing what, what would that look like? Well, we don't really know what it would look like. And that's part of what my research is about because there are a lot of questions that are unanswered and kind of complexities around that. So one is I already talked about the different types of drinks. So some of my research is looking at what have other countries done in terms of which drinks are included in sugar sweetened beverage taxation, because there are so many drinks. Pacino's. I can't I can't. Well, that's an that's an important question. And the countries that have implemented that, you know, there's quite a bit of variation in whether or not Frappuccino are included. And what type of Frappuccino is because there are Frappuccino that are bottled and sold in grocery stores. There are also Frappuccino that are made on site where the sugar is added at the point of purchase, and then it becomes administratively difficult to decide, you know, what, what gets taxed in whether or not we added after, and how does that contribute, or like, look, according to what we're drinking overtime because anytime we're talking about public health policy were interested in population level effect. So who is it affecting? And if we don't include Frappuccino, or some Frappuccino is, you know, is that the majority of the drinks people are drinking now. So that's one aspect of what would it look like in Canada? What kinds of drinks, and if we don't. Don't include certain drinks. What does that mean for for different groups? I'm in, in the other question that I have is related more. So to the taxation aspect of it in terms of, you know, different jurisdictions have different laws like, whether this is a provincial tax federal tax, what could, or would that look like for first nations reserves, which are different jurisdictions, and how would that influence the purchasing environment related to sugary drinks? So that's another important question. And then the other question is about tax revenue, would that look like do we idea from places that have already implemented attacks like this? What kind of deterrent at has on the actual purchase and consumption of these drinks? Yes, there's been quite a bit of research. I would say while a growing amount and generally. So, for example, Mexico. They've seen an overall decrease in sugar sweetened Bev. Bridge purchases. But there's also been an increase in purchasing other nontaxed beverages. So it, it becomes really hard to assess what's really happening in what you're measuring is that what we should be measuring on. So one of the other places at a introduced the tax is Philadelphia, but one of the issues with implementing it in a municipality or a smaller geographic area is the Leif seen sales of sugary drinks decrease in Philadelphia. They've increased right outside the city. So what is the net game or net benefit? I don't we don't really know because it's so complicated. And then what is the other question is the revenue, you know, what else is happening to change intake like so, for example, in Mexico as a country that country had one of the highest intakes of sugary drinks? So there was probably only one way for it to go, which is down and in Canada. Our intake also. On down, but we didn't have tax. Is that just a result of kind of more awareness, more health marketing, I think so I mean in the research I've done so far, most people have heard that sugar is not great for their health. It's not a surprise to most people. They're they're quite aware. So I think that, that has contributed quite a bit probably to the decrease in consumption among certain groups, particularly the more higher educated, people have reduced their consumption in the response, either from people who kind of participate, or just from people, you end up discussing this with our people, generally for or against sugar tax because I'm fascinated by the reaction. Oh, I think I've heard everything what I say. Most people are supportive or unsupportive, I'd say it's pretty divided for a lot of different reasons. And generally, I'm pretty if people are just talking to me. I'm pretty neutral built my own feelings. So I think people are being honest. But yeah, there's, there's a mix there support, there's anger and everything in between. How similar would this be to the taxing? We do of tobacco. And do we have research that, that puts sugar kind of, in those categories or even a system like that already in place that we could use? That's a great question. A lot of people who support the sugar sweetened beverage tax have compared it to tobacco because there's a lot of the same kind of dynamics with industry and then you know, the tactics right, the tactic is the same taxing. I think there are a lot of lessons, we have learned from tobacco, which we should think about. And I mean, there are a lot of other policies that have targeted tobacco that are not taxation that contributed to changes in smoking rates. But then also how he'd be tobacco? So, yeah. Yeah. I think there's a lot to learn not just the success. So in, in the success is usually attributed to the decrease in smoking, we've seen over the last number of decades. But we also still see quite a number of people who smoke and yeah, so I, yeah, I think there's a lot to learn. Sort of the huge spectrum of responses both in support or against something like this, and given given our current political climate in which every party tends to be either for something or totally against it. Do you think there's any traction here, politically for this kind of tax? I think right now there's probably not a lot of traction discussion kind of heated up about this sugar sweetened beverage tax when the liberals, I came into government, and they were developing their healthy eating strategy, and it was considered, and then the government ended up deciding to go with different policies. So, for example, we got the new candidates food guide. They opt investments to nutrition, north Canada. And then there's also going to be a, a food marketing ban targeting children. So there won't be any marketing of unhealthy foods towards children, and that's going to be coming out in the next two years, or so, I think a lot of the discussion in the future will depend on how the next. Election goes because. Yeah, I think depending on which party gets in power that could shape whether or not this gets on the, the and then the other thing is probably the carbon tax, you know, just put in this carbon tax. So does another part does the party wanna put in another one. Here's a question without getting into because I know the freedom of choice libertarian angle of this is really an issue because people want to be able to choose what they buy and consume putting that aside would implementing attacks like this hurt. Anyone would there be anybody who would lobby against it from a business or health point of view? Well, there's already been lobbyists lobbying against it. Obviously, the big ones the beverage association and also small businesses, and I'm particularly interested in how this might affect low income groups people who are food, insecure or who struggle to afford food. Food tend to be higher consumers of sugary drinks. So I think when we're considering raising the price of a drink disproportionately consumed by people who can't afford food. That's an important ethical question. This is what we started to see now with tobacco, as you know, you're hurting, our punishing people for you know engaging in these behaviors. But there's not a lot of support for alternatives or, or in the case of smoking, smoking cessation programs or you know, in case of food, we haven't really done much to reduce food insecurity. You feel like we'll have a handle on the costs and benefits of this over the next couple of years, because, like I mentioned at the beginning, you know, this is an issue that sort of seems to pop up every year or two, and it would it would be lovely if we could figure out whether or not, this is a way forward for us, or we just have to stop proposing me, personally. Well, I think we need to kind of go back to what is the. The problem. And because this is a public health policy in my expertise, public health. I'm not convinced yet of what, what the problem is like to me, an and I'm interested in health equity. I don't see this policy necessarily promoting health equity or fairness. I mean we see the highest rates of type two diabetes, cardiovascular disease among low socio economic groups, lower income, lower education. And what we've seen with tobacco is the those are the same groups that continue to have the highest prevalence of smoking. So I, I don't see how that has could reduce inequalities I. Yeah. I think we need to get a handle on yet. What is the problem? I mean, are we going to reduce obesity nowhere? That's implemented this policy have we seen a reduction in obesity, which was theoretically, the main aim of this policy. Now. Yes. That now that would be the goal. We've Vilnai's food for a long time. That's been our ammo in nutrition, you know, meat eggs, don't eat saturated fat or any fat. And now we've just kind of villain is the next food hasn't made us healthier. I mean, people usually take up that knowledge in change what they eat. I don't see it necessarily changing a whole lot on the health front of populations. And I think I'm very interested in socially, how the tax might impact people because it's positioned as an obesity, reduction strategy in, we have a lot of weight stigma in Canada. And in high income countries where we shame and blame people for their weight. And this kind of just continues that same narrative. And I don't know that at the population level. That's all that help. Awful because there's been more and more research showing people can't lose weight. It's just almost impossible. So these are some tough questions, we need to wrestle with. We need to keep making people feel bad for the food that they eat.