35 Burst results for "Lauren Vogel"
BrainStuff
"lauren vogel" Discussed on BrainStuff
"This episode is brought to you by Aflac. You count on your health insurance to be there for you when an illness or injury happens, but you may not be as covered as you think. Even with major medical coverage, there can still be out of pocket costs and expenses. Affleck supplemental insurance can help close the gap between what your health insurance covers and what it doesn't. Affleck pays cash that can be put towards medical expenses, like co pays, and even non medical expenses like groceries are rent. Get help with expenses, health insurance doesn't cover. Visit Aflac dot com to learn more. This is Kevin Costner, and if you're an avid traveler like me, you've got to download my new app. That's audio with a T AU. Enjoy a new way of traveling with stories activated by your location. So when you're driving through a new town, discovering a national park or just curious about the origin of your city's name. You can listen to a quick three to 5 minute story, covering our history from the first peoples to famous places and insights only locals would know. This episode is brought to you by express employment professionals. Everywhere you look, businesses are hiring. If you need to hire, don't do it alone. Turn to express employment professionals, a ticket from Sheila, who said, I've given myself back time and money by using express with express the burden of hiring is removed, and the process ensures the employee is a good fit. I wish I started hiring through express years ago. Find out for yourself how your local express team can make hiring easier. Visit express pros dot com for a location near you. Welcome to brain stuff, a production of iHeartRadio. Hey, brain stuff, Lauren bogle bomb here, with a classic episode of the podcast. A giant squid are legendary, and it's easy to understand why such beautifully unhuman, sort of eldritch creatures have inspired so many stories. But could a giant squid really take down a ship or submarine? Hey, brain stuff Lauren Vogel bomb here. About 300 different species of squid have been swimming in the world's oceans for more than 400 million years. There are three species that grow to massive proportions. The giant, the colossal and the jumbo, also known as the Humboldt squid. While many squid are just a few inches long, giant and colossal squid are enormous. These two types are estimated to reach from 35 to 60 feet in length. That's about ten to 18 meters, including their body and tentacles. That's larger than a full length school bus. And they can weigh up to a thousand pounds or about 450 kilograms. They're protruding eyes are the size of volleyballs. Humboldt squid are the smallest of the three only about 6 feet that's two meters long, and a hundred pounds or 45 kilograms. But how did these marine animals get so big? The most common explanation is a phenomenon called deep sea gigantism. The theory suggests that over time, small, shallow water creatures evolved to live at vast deep sea levels by getting bigger, likely due to a combination of food supply and the increased size of the predators at great depths. In shallow waters, it's advantageous to stay small because there's limited food. But at the extreme depths where massive squid are thought to live, between about 650 and 2600 feet, that's about 200 to 700 meters below the surface, bigger creatures have size and endurance on their side when traveling longer distances in search of food. When you're a small fish in a large pond, you're a snack, but if you're the big fish, you have your choice of snacks. But is the whole ocean their buffet, including human ships and submarines. Sea creatures feature prominently in seafarer tales around the world, dating back to ancient times. In Greek and Roman mythology, there's tales of great battles between man and marine monsters capable of pulling ships underwater. 12th century Norwegian sailors told stories of sea creatures they'd seen. By the 18th century, the creatures of Norwegian legend had grown to the likes of islands with arms. It's thought that giant colossal and Humboldt squid are aggressive, opportunistic creatures that prey on anything that comes their way, from easy meals of fish and shrimp to a more sporting hunt of other large cephalopods and whales. The Humboldt specifically are known to be fierce cannibalistic fighters. Mexican fishermen have nicknamed them diablos or Red Devils because of their bodies red color and their hostile nature. And a squid of colossal dimensions featured in Jules Verne's 1869 novel 20,000 leagues under the sea, said to be a fictionalized account of a real encounter between a French navy ship and a giant squid. Whether the original account is entirely fictional or not, the novel peaked the public's interest in deep sea gigantism and marine attacks, and certainly isn't the only account of squid attacking ships. In the 1930s, the Brunswick, the royal Norwegian navy's 15,000 ton tanker, was attacked three separate times by different giant squid. Each account tells of a squid pursuing the tanker and striking it suddenly, tentacles wrapped around the hull. Fortunately for the sailors, yet unfortunately for the squid, the steel of the ship proved either too slick or too hard for the tentacles to grapple and pierce. Each squid that tried to land the Brunswick ended up perishing after sliding into the tankers propellers. As recently as 2003, a giant squid attempted to take down a boat. This time a French yacht sailing, ironically, in the Jules Verne trophy, a prize for the fastest global circumnavigation by a yacht. Luckily, the 26 foot long, that's about 8 meters squid, gave up before its demise, or that of the boat. Some scientists are skeptical that squid are dangerous to humans or watercraft, suggesting that there are species with a fish based diet, and therefore have no need to attack humans or the steel of a ship. But whether they're actively pursuing our vessels or not, no gigantic squid has yet taken down a modern ship. But it hasn't been for the lack of trying. Today's episode is based on the article could a squid take down a submarine on how stuff works dot com written by Maria from markie. Brain stuff is production of my heart radio in partnership with how stuff works dot com, and is produced by Tyler clang. Or more podcasts, my heart radio, visit the iHeartRadio app. Apple podcasts, or wherever you listen to your favorite shows. This episode is brought to you by express employment professionals. Everywhere you look, businesses are hiring. If you need to hire, don't do it alone. Turn to express employment professionals, a ticket from Sheila, who said, I've given myself back time and money by using express with express the burden of hiring is removed, and the process ensures the employee is a good fit. I wish I started hiring through express years ago. Find out for yourself how your local express team can make hiring easier. Visit express pros dot com for a location near you. Throw on your virtual red polo and khakis and go explore State Farm park in iHeart land on roadblocks. The hottest venue in the metaverse, you're invited to the front row for events from the biggest artists and podcasters at the main stage at State Farm park across the street and have some fun at the State Farm neighborhood where you can dress your avatar like Jake from State Farm and win daily rewards. Come hang at State Farm park in iHeart land on Roblox. Go to iHeart radio dot com slash iHeart land to get started today.
BrainStuff
"lauren vogel" Discussed on BrainStuff
"This episode is brought to you by Aflac. You count on your health insurance to be there for you when an illness or injury happens, but you may not be as covered as you think. Even with major medical coverage, there can still be out of pocket costs and expenses. Affleck supplemental insurance can help close the gap between what your health insurance covers and what it doesn't. Affleck pays cash that can be put towards medical expenses, like co pays, and even non medical expenses like groceries are rent. Get help with expenses, health insurance doesn't cover. Visit Aflac dot com to learn more. This episode is brought to you by express employment professionals. Everywhere you look, businesses are hiring. If you need to hire, don't do it alone. Turn to express employment professionals, a ticket from Sheila, who said, I've given myself back time and money by using express with express the burden of hiring is removed, and the process ensures the employee is a good fit. I wish I started hiring through express years ago. Find out for yourself how your local express team can make hiring easier. Visit express pros dot com for a location near you. This episode is brought to you by brilliant dot org. If you've ever wished that this podcast were in an interactive text and illustration format, well, it's probably never going to be. But brilliant dot org comes pretty close. They have awesome courses on everything from everyday math and physics to astrophysics and advanced calculus, a plus computer science and programming so that you can learn real skills for life or just for fun. And now you can try everything brilliant has to offer for a full 30 days by heading to brilliant dot org slash brain stuff and starting your free trial. And for a limited time, our listeners will also get 20% off their annual subscription. So head to brilliant dot org slash brain stuff and check it out. Welcome to brain stuff, a production of iHeartRadio. Hey brain stuff, Lauren bogle bomb here with another classic from our archives. If you're anything like me, you went through a phase, or are still in a phase, where you've been fascinated by the idea that you've got to skeleton living inside you all the time. So, in this episode, we talked about how our bones grow. Hey, brain stuff Lauren Vogel bomb here. We all know that you are what you eat. But how exactly do the things that you eat get turned into pieces of you? I'm thinking of bones in particular here. The foods we humans consume are soft, especially compared to other animals diets. But from them, our bodies build strong, hard materials, like fingernails, tooth enamel, and bones. So how do we do it? How do we soft fleshy humans turn soft fleshy food into bones? Let's start off by zooming in all the way down to the cellular level. Your body builds bone tissue with the help of specialized cells called osteoblasts. Osteoblasts work together, forming a tight fit layer over areas where bone needs to grow or be repaired. These cells secrete a particular combination of amino acids, primarily glycine and proline. These amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. Not unlike voltron, they fold up with each other into something more than the sum of their parts. Though in this case, it's not a space faring super robot, but strong, triple helix threads of protein. Your cells get these amino acids from the foods that you eat. Meat fish dairy and legumes contain both glycine and proline, and you can also get proline from stuff like gelatin and cabbage. Once your osteoblasts secrete the immuno acids and they come together to form the protein threads, enzymes give those threads a stabilizing Polish. Vitamin C helps those enzymes work. Without it, the threads can't come together to form bone tissue correctly. And that's what happens in scurvy, and it's one of the reasons why you should eat some fruit sometimes. Cantaloupe, citrus, kiwi, mango, and berries are all good sources. The thus stabilized threads are molecules of what's called collagen, which is the most abundant protein in the animal kingdom. Collagen molecules pack together into long, thin fibers called fibrils. In their many types, fibrils create these scaffolding that bodily tissues are built upon from your corneas to your blood vessels to your skin. They're sturdy and kind of flexible, like steel beams and architecture. They're also relatively lightweight. Adult human bones are about 10% collagen by mass. But if your bones were collagen fibrils alone, you'd be sentient silly putty. So to add further support, your osteoblasts guide deposits of a strengthening layer of mineral crystals along the fibrils, like pouring concrete over steel beams. The mineral in question here is the compound calcium phosphate. Calcium and phosphate bond in your system after you consume foods that contain them. For calcium that's dairy and soy products, eggs, shrimp, and dark leafy greens. For phosphate, it's dairy, whole wheat nuts, and legumes. And this, along with dairy's amino acid content, is why milk and fortified food ads talk about how these products help build strong bones, though, of course, all the other foods we've mentioned do too. This mineral coating is just a few atoms thick, but it gives bones their stiff structure, and it accounts for about 65% of adults bone mass. Finally, the coated fibrils get gummed together with a sort of shock absorbing glue, made up of spiraled collagen molecules that can uncoil when stress is applied, and then snap back into shape. This helps prevent fractures at a molecular level, like if you connected your steel reinforced concrete beams with springs. Your skeleton also contains small amounts of magnesium, sodium, and bicarbonate. Plus, a bunch of water, like 25% by mass. So how does your body get a hold of all of these substances? Well, your digestive system is a fancy molecular blaster. When you eat your teeth, gastrointestinal muscles and digestive juices break food down to the point that its molecules are ready to be harvested. Your gut bacteria help too. There are some molecules that our cells can't process by themselves. Our gut bacteria eat those molecules and poop out compounds that our cells can process. The cells in the walls of your small intestine pass everything that they can into your bloodstream to be carried on to make your cells like your osteoblasts. Today's episode is based on a video script that I wrote four house to works dot com. Brain stuff is production of iHeartRadio in partnership with how stuff works dot com and is produced by Tyler clang. Four more podcasts from my heart radio, visit the iHeartRadio app, Apple podcasts, or wherever you listen to your favorite shows. This episode is brought to you by express employment professionals. Everywhere you look, businesses are hiring. If you need to hire, don't do it alone. Turn to express employment professionals. A take it from Sheila, who said, I've given myself back time and money by using express with express the burden of hiring is removed, and the process ensures the employee is a good fit. I wish I started hiring through express years ago. Find out for yourself how your local express team can make hiring easier. Visit express pros dot com for a location near you. Do you know someone who won't wear their seatbelt? The alarm starts dinging, but they just ignore it. Well, next time, add some of your own dinging. Start going ding, ding, ding, ding, and don't stop. Ding, ding, ding, ding, yup, keep going until they click that seat belt because if saving their life won't make them buckle up, maybe that annoying dinging will. Buckle up Virginia and help save lives on our roads. Learn more at DMV now dot com, a message from Virginia DMV.
BrainStuff
"lauren vogel" Discussed on BrainStuff
"Merchandiser can serve up jalapeno, sesame, and chocolate covered goodness with real-time data driven precision. Let's create supply chains that have an appetite for performance. IBM, let's create. Learn more at IBM dot com slash consulting. Want to get away, but still listen to your favorite radio stations and podcasts, then listen up. iHeartRadio is now the onboard music partner on select Southwest flights. That means you can jam out to your favorite local radio station, even if you're flying coast to coast. Check out expertly curated stations that are perfect for kids and adults, available on most domestic Southwest flights and perfect for a full nonstop or those pesky minutes between a movie ending and your plane touching down. So grab your headphones, raise your tray table and relax with iHeartRadio and Southwest Airlines. This episode is brought to you by the restless ones. Available now from iHeart, returning for season three is the restless ones, and original podcast presented by T mobile for business and iHeartRadio. And join host Jonathan Strickland, as he sits down for in depth discussions with the people at the intersection of technology and business. You'll learn how each of these leaders is building a bridge to what's next and leveraging transformative technologies like 5G to create a more connected and meaningful future today. The restless ones is now available on the iHeartRadio app or wherever you listen to podcasts. Welcome to brain stuff, a production of iHeartRadio. Hey brain stuff, I'm Lauren bogle bomb, and today's episode is another classic from our archives. During this pandemic, we've all been focused more on health and wellness. And for many of us, that's included taking a look at our relationship with alcohol. As with anything we consume, portion size matters. So it was really interesting to revisit this episode, which deals with the finding that wine glasses have doubled in size over the past 20 years or so. Hi, brain stuffed Lauren Vogel bomb here. Those of us who imbibe have all said it. I'll just have one glass of wine. But even if you stick to that, you might want to consider how you're supposed single serving actually measures up. That's because, according to researchers at the University of Cambridge, wine glasses of modern day Brits are now 7 times the size of their imbibing predecessors 300 years ago. And those glass sizes have increased the most in the last two decades, accompanying the rise in vino consumption. Until the second half of the 20th century, beer and spirits dominated the British booze scene. But the drinking of wine nearly quadrupled between 1980 and 2004, likely due to its affordability, availability, accessibility, and all those successful marketing tactics. The study authors suggest that when it comes to how much we're drinking, our glass size probably does matter. For the study, the researchers examined wine glass capacity over time to illuminate weather changes in size may have contributed to that steep rise in wine drinking over the past few decades. By scouring online info and talking with antiques glassware experts and museum curators, the researchers were able to obtain the measurements of 411 glasses from 1700 to the modern day. What they found might be a bit disheartening to anyone who leans heavily on that just one glass line. Wine glass capacity skyrocketed from a mere 66 mL or two ounces in the 1700s to 417 mL. That's 14 ounces in the 2000s, with the average size of a wine glass in 2016 to 2017, falling around a 449 mL, or 15 ounces. For reference, the size of a standard drink does vary from culture to culture around the world, but is commonly around ten grams of pure alcohol per beverage. For wine, having an average of about 12% alcohol by volume that accounts for just slightly over four ounces or a 125 mL. Study authors zoop in set in the press release for the most part, this increase was gradual, but since the 1990s, the size has increased rapidly, whether this led to the rise in wine consumption in England, we can't say for certain, but a wine glass 300 years ago would have only held about half of today's small measure. There are lots of reasons those glasses may have gotten roomier, more affordable glass prices, innovations and technology, a healthier economy, and an increased societal appreciation for wine. But it could be the people behind the bar who have demanded bigger glassware to accommodate the increasingly normalized megaport. Despite a 2010 regulatory requirement in England to make customers aware that the more modest a 125 mL glasses are available, most establishments opt to serve 250 mL at a time, or about one third of a wine bottle. And if your response to all this is that you have no problem moderating your intake in the face of such generous glassware, know that researchers have also found that the strength of wine has increased over the years. In the UK at least. But regardless of where you.
BrainStuff
"lauren vogel" Discussed on BrainStuff
"An episode from the brain stuff archives. This one discusses the long and fascinating history of a common drink from Temperance to the plague. Lemonade. Hey, brain stuff Lauren Vogel bomb here. Water, sugar, and lemon juice. The recipe for lemonade hasn't changed much in more than a thousand years. Tart or sweet, pink or yellow, clear, cloudy, or carbonated, for as long as life has been handing out lemons, people the world over from ancient Egyptians to Beyoncé have been making lemonade. The exact origin of the lemon itself has not been easy to ascertain, but new research has clarified its lineage as a sour orange and citron hybrid. A February 2018 study in the science journal nature reveals that the discovery of fossilized leaves in the Yunnan province of China proves citrus has been around since the late miocene epoch, some 8 million years ago. The earliest record of the precursor to lemonade, hails from the Mediterranean coast of medieval Egypt, cash cub was made from fermented barley combined with mint, rue, black pepper, and citron leaf. And the medieval Jewish community in Cairo consumed traded and exported bottles of a sugary lemon juice concoction called Gautam azat through the 13th century. While these citron, which is like a lemon but larger with a super thick rind and not much pulp or juice, was likely known by the ancient Jews and throughout the Mediterranean before the common era, there's no proof that lemons were around in pre Islamic times. The mosaics of Rome and frescoes of Pompeii depict images of citrus fruits resembling lemons and oranges, but there's no paleo botanical or written evidence that they existed there. The earliest written reference to the lemon tree is in a tenth century Arabic book on farming. And in the late 12th century, the personal physician to the Muslim leader Saladin wrote a treatise on the lemon, bringing it to the attention of a wider Mediterranean audience. Flash forward to 17th century Europe. Lemonade debuted in Paris on August 20th, 1630. Made of sparkling water, lemon juice, and honey, vendors sold it from tanks strapped to their backs. While popular across Europe lemonade became so fashionable in Paris, then 1676, the vendors incorporated and formed a union called the company de la Mona deers. Eliminated craze even helped Paris fend off the plague as we talked about in a former episode. Britain's contribution to the lemonade craze came by way of chemist Joseph priestley, who invented an apparatus for making carbonated water. By the 1780s, Johann schweppe, a German Swiss jeweler, had developed a new method of carbonation using a compression pump that made mass production more efficient. By the 1830s, Schweppes fizzy lemonade was readily available around Europe. By the 18th century, lemonade had made its way to America, along with waves of European immigrants. During the Victorian era, the women's Temperance movement pushed lemonade as an alternative to alcohol. One sunkissed slogan of the day read, goodbye to liquor, here's to lemonade. From 1877 to 1881, The White House banned alcohol from all state dinners and other functions, although president Rutherford B Hayes made the decision himself as a way to court the prohibition party, critics of the band dubbed his wife Lucy, a renowned teetotaler, lemonade Lucy, and the moniker stuck. And the circus has a starring role in lemonade's long history. By the 19th century, both ice and the traveling circus had hit the scene, and both were taking off. The first known mention linking pink lemonade to the circus comes from West Virginia's wheeling register in 1879. Circus lore has many tales of how it's lemonade turned pink, but historians find two of them the most viable. In one, a concession worker invents pink lemonade when he accidentally drops red colored cinnamon candies into a vat of regular lemonade. In proverbial, the show must go on style, he serves lemonade anyway, and the people lap it up. In the other story, a harried concession worker in need of water to make a fresh batch of lemonade for an impatient line of thirsty customers grabs the first liquid he sees, and it turns out to be a tub of wash water in which a performer has just wrung out her dirty pink tights. He uses it to make his new and improved strawberry lemonade, and the crowd goes wild. Story has it that from then on, sales doubled, and henceforth, no top notch circus was ever without pink lemonade. Meanwhile, the ubiquitous advice to make lemonade out of adversity probably became famous thanks to a phrase borrowed by Albert Hubbard in 1915 for the obituary of an actor, writer and humorist, Marshall pinckney wilder. Wilder, known for his brilliant stand up routines, was a world famous much beloved household name during a time when jobs for people like him could only be found in circus sideshows. Standing three feet 5 inches tall that's a little over a meter with a severe spinal deformity, he.
BrainStuff
"lauren vogel" Discussed on BrainStuff
"Cloud management that requires less management. Let's create something that changes everything. IBM let's create. Learn more at IBM dot com. Today, what business needs most is creativity. So let's create new possibilities from intelligent automation to cloud management that requires less management. Let's create something that changes everything. IBM let's create. Learn more at IBM dot com. What if you were a global bank who wanted to supercharge your audit system? So you tap IBM to unsilo your data and with the help of AI start crunching a year's worth of transactions against thousands of compliance controls. Now you're making smarter decisions faster, operating costs are lower and everyone from your auditors to your bankers feels like a million bucks. Let's create smarter ways of putting your data to work. IBM. Let's create. Learn more at IBM dot com. Welcome to brain stuff, a production of iHeartRadio. Hey brain stuff, Lauren Vogel bomb here. It's a quarter after 9 at night on a Tuesday, and you just realized there's no milk or bread for breakfast tomorrow morning. And if you're honest with yourself, that half finished roll of toilet paper might not make it all the way through the night. It's time to hit the store. And now you've got a choice to make. The nearest grocery store is 25 minutes away. The big box superstore is even further. On driving to either one at this hour means you won't be home and in bed until 11. But what about that new dollar store that opened down the street? Does it even have food? If it does, you could get this shopping trip wrapped up in 25 minutes flat. So you decide the dollar store is the best option. It's tiny and packed to the gill with neighbors, but there is actually some food. You don't recognize the brands and feel a little funny buying milk and pint bottles. That's a quarter to an 8th of the standard size for our metric Friends, but after all, each one is only a dollar. On your way to the toilet paper aisle, you pass a toy section and bedsheets and greeting cards, which is useful because your mom's birthday was yesterday. And there's only one person working the checkout, so the weight is a little long, but the total bill is less than 30 bucks. And you're back home before 10 p.m.. Welcome to the dollar store economy. Dollar stores exploded during the Great Recession, and have continued to do well during the COVID-19 pandemic and the current inflationary period. There are now more than 34,000 of them in the United States. That's more locations than Walmart, Walgreens, CVS, Costco, Kroger, and Home Depot combined. Once widely criticized as retail vultures preying on poor people living in food deserts, dollar stores now boast a more mixed income clientele. But why has the dollar store model been so successful? And how does a company even make money selling things for so cheap? The two biggest dollar store chains, Dollar General and Dollar Tree, which also owns Family Dollar. Have been brilliant at capturing underserved demographics. Dollar General, for example, has built 75% of its stores in small rural towns, with fewer than 20,000 people. And pinpoints new locations in areas that are 15 to 20 miles. That's around 25 to 30 kilometers away from the nearest big box store or grocery store. A Family Dollar targets urban and low income shoppers. While Dollar Tree goes after the suburban, middle income shopper. By expanding their offerings to include more food, household cleaners, health and beauty products, paper products, and other consumables. Dollar stores have positioned themselves as a whole new shopping category called the fill in trip. As in the example above, this can tide you over until a regular trip can be made. A not only has the proliferation of dollar stores fueled this new type of shopping behavior, but the arrival of a new dollar store often kills off local competition, like the mom and pop corner store, meaning even more customers and profits for the dollar store. Because the shopping list for a fill in trip is only a few items long. The total bill at the dollar store is usually pretty low. And since many dollar store goods are still sold for a dollar each, it's tempting to think that shopping at a dollar store must be a better deal than shopping at either the local corner store, or the big chain grocery store, or retailer. But is this always true? Paying a dollar for that pint bottle of milk at the dollar store is the equivalent of paying $8 for a full gallon, which is more expensive than the fancy organic stuff at Whole Foods. Similarly, according to an analysis by The Guardian, the $1 bag of raisins at the dollar store may weigh only four and a half ounces or a 128 grams. While a 72 ounce or two kilo bag from a big box store costs $10 50 cents. That's a little over half the cost per ounce. By shrinking package sizes, dollar stores can get away with charging way more per volume, which is one of the main ways they profit. And just because you only paid a dollar for that role of aluminum foil, it doesn't mean that it's a good deal. And The Washington Post reported in 2018 that the Dollar Tree dollar roll of foil was only 15 ft². That's 1.4 m² in area. While Walmart sold a 75 ft² or 7 m² roll for $4 and 6 cents. That's the equivalent of more than 18 ft² or 2 m² per dollar. Of course, if finances are tight, maybe $4 for foil isn't an option. No matter how much of a better deal it is in the long run. Also, dollar store shopping is a no frills experience. And that's not an accident. By keeping stores small and staff at a minimum, companies are able to convert a larger portion of sales into profit. According to 2012 figures, Dollar Tree captured 35 cents of profit for each dollar of revenue. A Walmart only captured 24.1 cents per dollar. For the third quarter of 2021, figures remained comparable. Though the gap was closing. Dollar stores are rightfully called small box retailers. The typical Dollar General is 7400 ft², about 700 m². The average Walmart supercenter is 178,000 ft². That's 16,500 m². And even though dollar stores are packed from floor to ceiling with items, the typical one only carries 10,000 individual products. While the average Walmart carries closer to 90,000. Those dollar store items are chosen for maximum profit, emphasizing long shelf life, off brands, and small packaging. That small size means you don't have to employ as many people, and wages a dollar stores are among the lowest in the retail industry. Dollar stores have been doing pretty well in 2022. Inflation has pushed up the cost for goods, causing non traditional higher income shoppers to visit dollar stores, along with the usual customers. A profits in 2020 were huge, but slowed down in 2021 due to supply chain issues. In late 2021, Dollar Tree became the last major dollar store brand to change its policy of charging only a dollar for most items. And now charges a dollar 25 cents per item. And they said the decision to raise prices was due to increases in labor, shipping, and fuel costs, and that several customer favorites had had to be discontinued as they were not sustainable at the $1 price point. At the same time, dollar store staff has been quitting due to low pay and long hours. And many cities have put moratoriums on how many dollar stores can be built in an area, and to prevent them from crowding out new businesses and stores that offer fresh foods. Despite these negatives, dollar stores continue to expand at a very fast rate. Dollar General plans to open 1110 new stores in 2022 and remodel 1750 others. It also plans to open many more of its pop shelf stores, designed to appeal to a wealthier demographic,.
Progressive Talk 1350 AM
"lauren vogel" Discussed on Progressive Talk 1350 AM
"Other. What's going to happen? We don't know right? They could continue to swirl and form crazy new structures that the universe has never seen before, because there hasn't been time to make them. And so this is the kind of thing makes me think about the universe like on the Trillion or two trillion life. Your cycle, like if life is still around, 10 trillion years into the history of the universe, they'll think about these first few moments of galactic of formation, as you know, almost irrelevant. Just warming up. Yeah, Best may be yet to come, huh? That's right. I'm an optimistic person. So I'm always hoping that the best thing is that idiot to come something well, great. Thank you so much bling for sending us this question. We really enjoyed answering it. That's right. And check out our book called. We have no idea the guide to the unknown questions of the universe. All the things that physics wants to know the answer to but really hasn't got a clue about And thanks for listening. Yeah, And if you're hungry or want to stuck up, just don't forget to get Daniel's spicy lint of now available at your local grocery store. If you still have a question after listening to all these explanations, please drop us a line. We'd love to hear from you. You can find us at Facebook, Twitter and Instagram at Daniel and Jorge. That's one word or email us at feedback at Daniel and jorge dot com. Welcome to brain stuff from how stuff works. Hey, brain stuff. Lauren Vogel Bomb here for millennia. Humans and Neanderthals for Neanderthals. If you prefer coexisted in Europe and Eurasia, you've probably heard about it because apparently they all had sex. And now you might have around 2% Neanderthal DNA in your genome. It's a whole thing..
Ephemeral
"lauren vogel" Discussed on Ephemeral
"Patronize them in that. That number might grow a. Yeah i certainly hope that the that the small shops can hang on. And i love what video drum specifically has been doing in partnering up with other local businesses like the plaza theatre which is right around the corner to do some film screenings of really interesting movies or They had a couple back when you know like live events where thing they had a few parties over at the highland in ballroom That were always just a really fun. Time of you know like people who are enthusiastic about a thing getting together in a space and being enthusiastic about it is a wonderful thing. And i guess i guess yeah. That is what you're talking about when you're talking about that community of a film store even if it's just you and the sturdily attendant like that is a community of two of two people you know are who otherwise might not ever have. The opportunity to talk can wind up getting into a really interesting conversation about. Yeah like kronenbourg or whatever it is that it is lake. I think that video stores that exists now have the potential to go on and the that they can get some support because they fill it in their community but also maybe especially because they felt like a really rare in each now that there's just not that there's so few of them there's such a rarity but like new video stores that people opening to think that's a possibility a new indie store in your town. I think it's possible. It'd be hard the difficult to do. But i think it's possible i think it's like more likely in very specific geographic areas. Like it's gotta be that's like a little bit more urban. It's got to be some more or it's gotta be somewhere with like a a big college like maybe athens or somewhere. Would that would work where there's like enough young people and just that kinda density. Yeah what are the things that they pointed out when we were at video drome is that because they would over for over twenty years they've collected titles that aren't in print anymore that you can't really find him and they took all those they've taken all this time to build up inventory always be buying things and that's one of the reasons when you go in there that their catalog is so incredibly diverse. I mean it's something close to forty thousand titles now and they've got lots that they've been in the nineties. They've got lots of like indians sort of small released from the ninety s specifically. That hasn't been reissued in isn't imprint anymore. If you or your collection of friends or whatever had a deep collection of film film titles already then you can start store. Starting a store brand new just buying all this stuff would probably be the least exciting way to do it. And i feel like at this point you would start. Having to do does video. Drummed do i feel like a certain point from blockbuster or whatever you could rent out a vcr if you didn't have one yeah but Yeah like i think that any new place that opened up might need to consider renting out the equipment with which to watch such a thing. Lee good point. You make a good point. I mean who has dvd players anymore. Are you going to rent it on a thumb drive. Like i like who i will say. There are a couple movies. I can't find on streaming. That i want and i can't buy them anywhere and i'm not willing to spend a hundred and eighty dollars on the princess and the goblin which i think is probably not very good at as a child and of course leash minute us. I feel like video dream has that you should holler video drum. I say. I have like four movies from my childhood that i'm like i'm pretty other. The thief and the cobbler is on their whole this production governors of the because. That's the first one probably get them anywhere. But i do think it's interesting ninety eight. Like in the post apocalyptic times. We won't have we phobe around but they won't be like internet necessarily and there will you want these physical things and they are movies that i remember watching as a kid where that they would have to act out the adults that could remember the star wars like movies. They would act them out for younger generations. But there is you know. Maybe you don't want to think that way but as possible people need physical media in the future something to keep in mind. This episode of meral was produced by trevor young and maximal williams with big thanks to dan. Herber my colleagues. Any reese and lauren vogel of the phenomenal food and culture. Podcast saver and to map booth and everyone at video drum for their hospitality in this production and for making atlanta a great place for movie culture. We'll be back with something new in two weeks. In the meantime you can find the full list of ephemeral episodes over on our website. Ephemeral dot show and for more.
FoodStuff
"lauren vogel" Discussed on FoodStuff
"Hello welcome saver. Prediction of iheartradio. I'm anne reese and and lauren vogel bomb and today we have an episode for you about saying yes so as always a drink responsibly. yes And i actually remember the very first time. I had degree. I believe i've talked about this before. Because it's also the very first time i had pie. Gin and tonic. Oh wow okay. Because i was lucky enough that i got to go on a trip. I had to save up money. But i got to go on a trip to france and spain when i was in high school. We did like this whole night. That was a class on popular spanish foods and drinks. And we made gin tonic by And both y wine and red wine based sangria. Okay and i remember it being a lovely time and he also remember being very childish. She like. I'm not a legal drinking age in the you i am here. Oh oh that that does that does sound delightful though Out went when you were in spain. Did you see a lot of sangria when you're like out and about i think i did but also i think it was one of those things where after i went to this class. I was like woo spanish traditions. I was looking for it on every shares lists and. I'm sure that i went to a lot of places that were at least somewhat. Touristy i did. I did order it a lot. I think of the alcoholic. Drink when i was in spain. Most of it was either grier. Our wine i did not. I liked gin and tonic. But i was like this is jam this thing. Yeah oh i love. Spanish wine Really good really good stuff really good. Oh yeah this. Nice dry fruity kind of things Yes And then when i was in college i had a friend who actually met in europe and then she came and We met again in college and we used to to this like harry potter viewing party. 'cause she'd never seen harry potter should read the books in the movies and we were working through them and she would always make this huge job of sangria. That was a way too ambitious. Luckily we were pretty good about being like okay. We can't drink all of this okay. That cut off much egg spun. It was fun time because i never. I've never made it other than that first class in spain like i've got my recipe at all kinds of fruits in it. It's charitable I'm not positive that i've ever sat down and dismayed sangria for the heck of it. I i probably have at some point but But i do pretty frequently Just add sliced fruit to the wine. That i'm drinking especially if it's like not a particularly great right i'll be like you know it's gonna improve this literally anything. Let's try. let's try it. Yeah yeah but that's a. That's a different vibe. I do sangria but a lot of them are so sweet like i. Yeah if i'm gonna order it out. I usually specifically ask. I'm like so like. Can you tell me like what. The flavor profile is sweeter drier. Because yeah. I cannot handle that much sugar. Yeah yeah and then. We're going to talk about that about how became speed. But i do like the feeling of just putting also sliced in there just transparency to me all right even though it's really bother it doesn't feel that way though when you get a snack you finish your wine and then you have back it's delightful. I agree december twentieth is national sangria day. Which i guess makes sense. I can see it being a holiday drink. Based on the color to me it does feel more like a summer thing but you know color wise. Yeah depending on how you you some us. Not magara cinnamon spices like your shirt. Sure sure well. I guess this brings us to our question Sangria what is well. Zinger is a type of alcoholic punch made from wine mixed with ferdie stuff and maybe other stuff. I know i'm being vague. That's because the ingredients can vary widely but But yeah. I see that a that a fruit or fruit juice or fruit flavoring or ferdie. Distilled alcoholic brandy is a necessary component. After the wine other ingredients can include right. Spices sparkling water sweeteners. The wine can also vary a dry fruit. Spanish read like temper neo is classic but you can find serious made with all kinds of reds whites rose as bubbles. Whatever you want is often homemade Or house made by mixing various ingredients to taste in a multi. Serving batch see above read jug And then served out individually Including chunks of fresh fruit and he in each class But there's also a market for prepackaged serious include fruit flavoring Instead of fresh fruit right in the bottle In the united states these tend to be on the side and on the inexpensive side with with a lower alcohol content than than straight wine Both types though the homemade and the prepackaged are very frequently served over ice in the united states. I know that different different cultures have different levels of like dedication to ice pretty serious dedication to ice here. This is true. yeah. I do not unless my fancy stars is not a nice person hajjis. I love an ice. Anyway i do love. People have their ice references. And i know now to sponsor. But zac spy's often gets brought up in this conversation for my friends where they like the like chip dice ship days. Yeah oh see. I like i like it both ways. I mean it depends on it depends on your application you know. I like anything from the giant fancy cubes made him like purely frozen water with no. Ed bubbles Right down to yell like like like normal. Freezer cubes right down to chip dice. I dunno it just like them. You know a lot of people do and you can see our ice episode for that. But i do know that. It's a big culture shock for americans when we go to like europe are. I don't think i'll show you had that much is easier anywhere else. I've been Y'all y'all right y'all righted and tell us like like spaghetti sangria as that is the topic of the day but also right yeah. Everywhere anyway sangria. Yes is strongly associated with spain but apparently is mostly a tourist drink Especially in madrid's bar scene like it's not something i've read That the locals or out but rather would make at home for parties I have seen a parallel type of wine punch called tinto. The verano cited as being the more popular wine punch over there And this is Just just red wine and lemon soda or sweden soda water or rice. Think i've heard of that one me..
News Talk 1130 WISN
"lauren vogel" Discussed on News Talk 1130 WISN
"Narrated by me, Lauren Vogel, Bam! And while we might be guiding you down some dark and lonely roads, you're bound to learn a thing or two. Along the way. After all, you can learn a lot about a place by looking at shadows. Get ready for a tour of American history unlike any other get ready for American shadows. Listen and follow this podcast for free on the I Heart radio app number one for music, radio and podcasts. All in one news talk 11 30 w I s n free I heart radio app is number one for music, radio and podcasts, all in one discover a new podcast from our library of hundreds of thousands of titles. Here's an I Heart radio podcast preview. Coming into the 1988 Olympic Games in Seoul, South Korea, the United States had compiled an astonishing 71 1 record in men's basketball. Basketball was Ara game and in no other venue was that so apparent as in the Olympics, but that year was different, while the rest of the world who had been learning the game from the Americans. We're sending their best players. The American team made up of all college players struggle to an embarrassing bronze metal finish. That was the last time we send our boys now it was time to send our men. Larry Bird studied Michael Jordan alone. John stuff it. Chris Mullin, Iris. Fearless defense of freedom and liberty delivered with candor and courage from Mark Levin, weeknights nine to midnight. Stay informed all day.
Newsradio 1200 WOAI
"lauren vogel" Discussed on Newsradio 1200 WOAI
"By me, Lauren Vogel bomb and while we might be guiding you down some dark and lonely roads, you're bound to learn a thing or two. Along the way. After all, you can learn a lot about a place by looking at shadows. Get ready for a tour of American history unlike any other get ready for American shadows. Listen and follow this podcast for free on the I Heart radio at number one for music, radio and podcasts, all in one I heart radio goods, one on one with George Strait to discuss how creating music is a part of his Edna. Music is always you know, if I'm making a record, it's the most important thing at that time, And I'm always thinking trying to find song ideas. I've always got that in the back of my mind, because there's gonna be a future project down the road and so just I'm not gonna change. That's who I am that you have been for you since since the seventies. Keep listening to my heart radio for more George Strait and all your favorite artists. See With so much happening. You never want to miss a moment these days. You don't have to on air online and always on your smart device on use radio 1200 W away. I Welcome to the Kane Builders. Yamada design show and Morgan is out. I'm here.
Progressive Talk 1350 AM
"lauren vogel" Discussed on Progressive Talk 1350 AM
"In no time over 100 firefighters descended, including Healy jumpers and five air tankers. After a couple hours the fire spread covering acre upon acre of forest land. 100 fireman from all over the state were called into battle and eventually stop the flames. In the process and eventual 500 acres was destroyed as we're 53 endangered and protected condors nesting in a refuge in the nearby SSP Wildlife area. Johnny was near legless in court Act to the gills with pills to fend off the reality of the situation, the judge asked. Do you feel bad about what you did? Johnny replied with a thick tongue. Well, I feel pretty good right now. How about driving all those condors out of the refuge? The judge asked. You mean those yellow buzzards? I don't give a damn about your yellow buzzards. Why should I care? Johnny Cash carried about little at the time. He didn't care what the judge of the judge's questions. Nor did he care about his family or his fate or even his career. He didn't care about his fans or his music. He didn't care about condors or yellow buzzards, and I'm like the rest of the world at the time. He didn't care about the Beatles, either. Why should he? He was Johnny Cash. Keep listening. You can hear the rest of this podcast and all of its episodes and discovered thousands of others. All available to you for free right now by downloading the I heart radio app number one for podcasts. Here's a preview of a podcast that's sure to leave you wondering. Welcome to Howstuffworks. Now I'm your host, Lauren Vogel Bomb, a researcher and writer here it has two forks Every week. I'm bringing you three stories from our team about the weird and wondrous advances we've seen in science, technology and culture. This week, a college kid turned to standard Honda Civic into a self driving vehicle for 700 bucks and unrelated picky eating. An adult's is now a diagnosable disorder. But first staff editor Eve's Jeffcoat and our freelance writer Dave Ruse, explore a topical political question. Who does the United States Secret Service protect and why, for how long and at what cost between January in the end of February. Donald Trump Jr and his brother, Eric, visited Uruguay, the Dominican Republic, Dubai in Canada to celebrate the opening of new Trump branded hotels and golf courses and to check on other trump organization projects and potential investments. Secret Service officers 12 the brothers on these trips with US taxpayers covering the bodyguards, airfare, hotel rooms and meals. The Secret Service won't release his travel expenses, but the hotel tab in Uruguay alone was estimated at nearly $100,000, according to the Washington Post. According to federal law, the Secret Service is authorized to protect the sitting U S president and vice president or the next in line for the presidency,.
Progressive Talk 1350 AM
"lauren vogel" Discussed on Progressive Talk 1350 AM
"Hey, brain stuff. Lauren Vogel Bomb here for millennia. Humans and Neanderthals for Neanderthals. If you prefer co existed in Europe and Eurasia, you've probably heard about it because apparently they all had sex. And now you might have around 2% Neanderthal didna in your genome. It's a whole thing. So we know there might have been some Neanderthal slash modern human romance. But did they have any laughs together? Well, that mostly depends on whether Neanderthals could laugh. It's a tricky question, though, because what would be under false have laughed at we modern humans laugh it all sorts of things A depending on who you are. It's equally possible to go. Five kittens playing as it is to giggle over a pan about chemical engineering. If that's what you're into We know even less about Neanderthal theory of mind than we do about our own. But there's evidence that the idea that they were intellectually inferior to modern humans is bogus. And though we don't rightly know what would have tickled them, A research on the evolution of laughter supports the idea that Neanderthals were most likely heir to a glorious legacy of chuckles. That's because other great apes laugh. In fact, laughter in our filer jennet corner of the world is estimated to have evolved between 10 and 16 million years ago, it most likely evolved from the labored breathing that happens when you're playing or being tickled. Spontaneous laughter is something we all do within the first couple months of life, even in babies born deaf or blind. The main goal of laughter seems to be to create and maintain social bonds. But we know Neanderthals lived in small family groups. So although they might not have needed to have the social smarts toe yuck it up in a comedy club. Given their lifestyle, laughter probably would have been beneficial to them, just as it is to us or a chimpanzee. But a lot goes into laughter. And the question of whether or not Neanderthals could laugh has two parts of the first having to do with the ability of the Neanderthal voice to produce the sound and the second with whether or not they have the cognitive ability to find things funny. According to Dr Philip Lieberman, professor emeritus in the department of Cognitive, Linguistic and Psychological Sciences at Brown College, Neanderthals definitely had all the vocal equipment required to laugh. Neanderthals had a vocal set up very similar to humans. Ah larynx or voice box, supported by a delicate, horseshoe shaped bone called the hyoid. Lieberman explained. The LAX produces acoustic energy that causes the vocal chords of the lyrics to open and close. And these Super Larry and Jael vocal tract the space between the lips in the larynx changes shape with movement in the lips, tongue and jaw to make a kind of malleable organ pipe that helps us make vowel in constant sounds. We share all this vocal equipment with Neanderthals, so it stands to reason that they're laugh would be similar to our own. The only difference of opinion among researchers here centers around whether the Neanderthal speaking voice was lower or higher than that of a modern human So with that settled, the next big question is whether Neanderthals had the ability to find things funny enough to laugh at them. According to Lieberman, and some recent research. It's very likely He said. Epigenetic evidence now shows that Neanderthal brains could execute complex motor acts. This means that Neanderthals could talk and had language as long as their brains could control the complex gestures that human speech and tails. They definitely could have left. Today's episode was written by just one shields and produced by Tyler Clinton. For more on this and lots of other topics, Little took Leah visit our home planet howstuffworks dot com. Our world is full of the unexplainable. If history is an open book, All of these amazing tales are right there on display just waiting for us to explore Welcome. The Cabinet of curiosities..
Progressive Talk 1350 AM
"lauren vogel" Discussed on Progressive Talk 1350 AM
"Available to you for free right now by downloading the I heart radio app number one for podcasts. Welcome to brain stuff from HowStuffWorks. Hey, bring stuff. Lauren Vogel Bomb here. If you live in North America, you've probably seen a Virginia possum classifications. Adelphia's Virginia Ana. Maybe the unfortunate creature was dead on the road. Or maybe it was very much alive on your porch eating garbage in the middle of the night. But in either case, you might have thought Oh, gross, a possum. But you would have been off base on several counts. First of all possums live in Australia and are also a marsupial, which means they raise their young in a pouch like a kangaroo. But they're completely different species in the animal currently snuggling with a half eaten bag of Doritos at the bottom of curbside trash can in North Carolina, which is correctly and a possum. We spoke with Richard Oxfeld, senior scientist at the Kerry Institute of Ecosystem Studies in Millbrook, New York, he said, Folks get very confused about this. I've had people tell me triumphantly that they discovered building plans for possum Nest boxes, and they planned to install dozens of them to encourage a possum's to multiply on their property. But when I looked up the plans they were designed for brush tailed possums in Australia. Completely useless for possums in North America. So, with that part settled a possum's Aren't that gross? Even if they wouldn't mind taking that multi pad Thai from the back of your refrigerator off of your hands, they may look a little creepy. What with that long, hairless prehensile tail, the mouthful of haphazard teeth and the beady eyes. But the possums are the fastidiously groomed and most likely disease free wildlife heroes of your neighborhood. It's a common misconception, possibly prompted by their bumbling swagger that a possum's often carry Rabies or distemper. In fact, they rarely get these diseases because their body temperature is too low to make them susceptible. Not only do a possum's not carry these diseases of the presence of a possum in your yard is your best bet for combating Lyme disease. 2009 study explored whether black leg ticks the disease vector for Lyme disease might be regulated by wildlife that they parasite ties. Of 15, forest dwelling mammals and ground nesting birds. Ah, possums were the only ones to destroy the vast majority of all of the Blackledge ticks. The tried to feed on them over 95%. Just felt who co authored the study said. Our calculations indicated that a single a possum is capable of killing several 1000 larval ticks per week during the late summer peak. We also know that of those tics that do successfully feed on a possum on Lee, a small fraction will become infected with the Lyme disease bacterium. So the possums are protective into ways, killing ticks and preventing infection. Studied by the same research team, published in July of 2018 in the journal Ecology found the tick borne disease risk was reduced in areas where possums were present. For an animal that does more than its fair share of hobbling into traffic and is known for flopping over like a corpse at the mayor's with of danger. Ah, possums are perhaps surprisingly intelligent to begin with weak eyesight at a nocturnal nature. Both contribute to the fact that you're probably more familiar with the sight of a dead possum that alive one. In addition, their primary defense mechanism playing dead is almost entirely involuntary. A reaction to extreme stress that leaves the a possum in a coma for a few minutes to a couple of hours. And a comatose A possum can take a beating that would kill other animals their size. This then is a great strategy of your mortal enemy is a bear, but not so great if it's a Toyota So if, for example, your dog corners in a possum one night in the backyard, Don't worry. The possum May Histon show its teeth and attempt to look scary because it's frightened, But the last thing it wants is to tangle with your four legged friend. Will invariably lay down and play dead until the threat gets bored and passes a possums are nonaggressive, docile creatures far more afraid than they are to be feared. And they're also fastidiously clean. Ah, like cats. Possums are constantly grooming themselves with their paws and tongue. Ah, partly in order to make sure they're parasite free, but also to keep themselves cool. They lack sweat glands, so grooming is like a possible air conditioning. And they do it to keep themselves smelling like, well, nothing. As we've established a possum's aren't great at protecting themselves in a standoff with a predator, so it behooves them to stay odor neutral. Part of the reason possums have the reputation for being smelly has to do with one other defense mechanism. The smell of death. Once at a possum goes into its theatrical coma. If a predator continues to mess with it, the A possum may excrete a smelly mucus from glands and it's a nous. This has been to signal Hey, this a possum is definitely dead and possibly so entirely dead. That it will make you sorry you ate it. Speaking of possums are really smart about what they eat because it turns out they have great memories. A once in a possum tastes of chemical that doesn't agree with it. It will remember and avoid the smell of it for a year afterwards. Hello. Possums are immune to some things that would poison other mammals, including most snake venoms persons are biologically fascinating, which led to some confusion among early Europeans in the new world. Their story was the mail. A possum made it through the female Possum's snout, which led to her sneezing out her babies into her marsupial pouch. Of course, this is not scientifically accurate, but a possum's definitely do things a little differently. First of all, a male. A possum has a forked Penis, but it's not meant for the female's nostrils. Female a possum's have a double vagina and twin You dry a possum embryos develop for about 13 days until they're large enough to migrate down the birth canal and emerge about the size of house flies to continue developing in the mother's pouch. Though dozens of them will be born. The mother only has 13 teeth, so that's probably how many will be able to survive into adulthood..
BrainStuff
Should You Give Cats Milk?
"Hi brain steph learn bugaboo. I'm here with a classic episode from archives the temptation to give pets. Human food can be strong. Sometimes is a treat. It's harmless but some people food is best kept for people which brings us to our question of the day. Should you actually give cats milk. Hey brains stuff lauren. Vogel bomb here from children's books to tv commercials. The idea that cats are wild about milk is everywhere yet. What pop culture feels to show is what happens shortly after that. Bowl of milk is empty. The cute kitty peacefully laughing away at a bowl of fresh milk is likely to spend the next few hours suffering from diarrhea gas bloating and other unpleasant side effects cats like most adult mammals including many humans are lactose intolerant. That means they lack the enzymes needed to break down lactose. The sugars found in milk. A bowl of milk isn't likely to be deadly but the after effects are likely to treble both the cat and the owner who has to clean up the mess if your cat seems to tolerate milk to an extent or if you simply want to offer your cats something special consider milk like any other treat since milk has little nutritional value to the cat. It's no substitute for proper cat. Food and should be served to the cat with the same care that you would any other human foods or commercial cat treats that means making sure that milk and other treats make up only ten to fifteen percent of a cat's diet to avoid potential weight problems and the health troubles that come with them. Consider limiting milk to no more than twenty to thirty calories per day. that's no more than a few spoonfuls. Consider lactose free milk or goat's milk to reduce digestive problems. But what about kittens shirley. They need milk right while. Kittens have
BrainStuff
Why Would the Creator of Graham Crackers Be Horrified by Them Today?
"Harebrained steph. Lauren vogel bomb. Let's face it. One of the best things about making a campfire is making s'mores. The quintessentially american treat consisting of a toasted gooey marshmallow and a square of melted chocolate pressed between two crisp graham crackers. But have you ever wondered where graham crackers came from or where they got their name. The original graham cracker was a health food developed in the eighteen thirties. From the teachings of an american food reformer and religious teacher named sylvester. Graham who by all accounts would be appalled by what's called a graham cracker today which is typically made with refined flour high fructose corn syrup ended up dab of honey for marketing purposes instead graham's original cracker called for just wheat and gram flour a form of whole wheat flour made by grinding the endo sperm winter wheat into a fine powder and mixing it with the brand and wheat jerem it has of course texture and nutty flavor the resulting cracker contained no sugar fat and often had to be softened by soaking or boiling before eating. We spoke with new york-based food historian. Sarah weisberg johnson. She said it's funny. That of all the things that he talks about with his health reform. That's the one thing that gets widely adopted and has his name. Graham flour gets adopted by people who may not even be aware of him even towards the end of the nineteenth century and persists into some of the twentieth century. You hear about graham gems and gram bread. Cookbooks up to the nineteen forties and fifties graham. Who was not a doctor. Although he sometimes went by dr graham was horrified by the over processing and enriching of wheat flour and believed that the loss of fiber and other nutrients and white flour ruined consumer health in eighteen. Thirty seven graham published a pamphlet entitled a treatise on bread and bread making in the intro. He wrote thousands in civic. Life will for years and perhaps as long as they live. Eat the most miserable trash. The kim be imagined in the form of bread. He was basically advocating for whole-wheat homemade bread and was thus hailed by the philosopher. Poet ralph waldo emerson. As the profit of brand bread. Graham was a proponent and follower of vegetarianism founding. The american vegetarian society eighteen fifty.
WHAS 840 AM
"lauren vogel" Discussed on WHAS 840 AM
"In the South is the ritual of eating black eyed peas and collard greens and cornbread. Yes, I do it every year. There are any number of explanations for how these foods help Armas for the year ahead. The reason that they we eat them why they're symbolic. And so for the next hour, we are going to feature some highlights from our savior episodes about this powerful pair, starting off with black eyed peas, so enjoy Hello and welcome to save her production of I heart radio and stuff. Media. I'm angry and I'm Lauren Vogel Bomb and Welcome to the New Year. Yes, Welcome and welcome to the show. Today we're talking about black eyed peas, not the band's not the band. Too much, Probably. Obviously not that well, but in case anyone thought we made some weird New Year's resolution sharp turn. No, I I like that. We're entering the new decade. With black eyed peas. Me too. Yes, it zasada earn tradition to eat black eyed peas on New Year's Day. Yes, a while. Back. We did an episode around the traditional Southern New Year's meal, which is Generally some type of pork greens, black eyed peas and corn bread. And these all to represent basically lucky money. Sure coming here, and there's a chance. I'm eating this right now. As you listen, I've already got it all ready to go. I just have to cook it. I love black eyed peas. But this is literally the only time of year I eat them. Really. It kind of bums me out. I don't know I should eat. The more you eat, the more they're available. I know they're not available, like fresh. It's true. Other times of year I've actually only cooked from fresh once in my lifetime. Yeah, did. How'd you feel about it? It was good. I'm somebody who scoffs. It's soaking things. Oh, and your so called soak, scuff, right soaks covered that I didn't want to do it. I'm lazy, essentially, so the cans are easier, but they were really good. I just didn't like the soaking part Well, brings back memories of the butter beans, and I don't like thinking about that. If anyone doesn't know about my butter being drama, that's okay. But I got some built up memories. That's all that blanching. It's hard. It's hard and it hurts. Her. I probably just listen doing it correctly. But that's OK. But OK, the black eyed peas in this southern traditional New Year's meal is supposed to represent. Luck or that's what it was in my family. I hear most other people think it's like coins. Coins. Yeah, because it's got the little right. Glad to call you later. Coin shape. I suppose. I don't think that beans Aaron anyway, shaped like coins. But that's that's a you have to be squinting pretty hard. I feel like I played at least one video game where you pay with her things. Corn's no good coming from themes with beams. You know, apparently, the saying is peace for pennies. Greens for dollars in corn bread for gold. Yes, um on, and we bought into it when we were Children. This is how my mom I was all about it, but by my brothers don't like either collards, which is what we normally had, or black eyed peas, but they ate. Because they believed in the luck or at least they didn't want to risk it if it wasn't true, But okay, I guess that brings us to our question. Black eyed piece. What are they? It turns out Go buy a lot of different names for one. Mixing it up all I'm coming in with.
WHAS 840 AM
"lauren vogel" Discussed on WHAS 840 AM
"Plumbing. Errand Electric studios. This is news radio. Wait. 40 W. H s. I'm w l. K y meteorologist Suzanne Horgan. For today. Plenty of cloud cover out there a little pat you drizzle will be possible Temperatures top out right around 46 degrees heading into tonight, a little bit of rain and even some snow mixing in for some of our northern communities overnight lows. Stay down to about 37 degrees. High temperatures on Sunday only make it to about 42 degrees. Mostly cloudy skies will continue then heading into Monday more in the way of sunshine and highs in the upper forties. I'm Wook. Why meteorologists? Suzanne Horgan News radio 8 40 w H A S. I heard radio is now Number one for podcasting each week will feature some of our top podcasts from the 250,000 podcasts available than the free I Heart radio app discover your next favorite podcast on I Heart radio. Hello and happy New Year. I'm Annie Reese. And I'm Lauren Vogel Bomb and we are the co host of the podcast. Savor one of our favorite New Year's traditions. Here in the South is the ritual of eating black eyed peas and collard greens and cornbread. Yes, I do it every year. There are any number of explanations for.
KTOK
"lauren vogel" Discussed on KTOK
"Lauren Vogel bomb and while we might be guiding you down some dark and lonely roads, you're bound to learn a thing or two along the way. After all, you can learn a lot about a place by looking at shadows. Get ready for a tour of American history. Unlike any other get ready for American shadows. Listen and follow this podcast for free on the I Heart Radio Act. Number one for music, radio and podcasts. All in one I Heart radio goes one on one with Phil from Def Leppard describing how the band picks they're touring set lists we do ever we want. The only reason we stick to that formula is because we don't have upset fans. When we play on tour. You want to go down better. You want to have a better reaction. So you certainly want to balance it. You know, we have to find spaces for these new songs will bring some in if they don't work after certain. Well, we can, um and just put something else. So you do have to be mindful of the people coming to the show. It's a delicate balance. But you is something where you have to please your fans in that respect. Keep listeningto I heart radio from or from your favorite artists free I heart radio APP is number one for music, radio and podcasts, All in one discover a new podcast from our library of over 350,000 titles. Here's an I Heart Radio podcast preview. Okay, Miss Watts. Everything seems to be in order here. Except your vehicle Registration house. I know. Who is Earl Watts again? Yeah, I told you. That's my father. Okay, So why are you driving his rig? I'm just covering for him. It's temporary. Look, look, I I didn't do anything illegal, right? We'll find out okay, we'll find out. We need to get this trailer delivered on maybe sit tight. This could take a heck of a lot longer. You ever driven a reefer? What a refrigerated trailer. Do you know how to handle one loose this place? Great. What is it? It's a tight schedule. You hand off to the receiver by five AM so you don't get too many pit stops. Well, if I don't get to expected first way both see you'll all our trailers, No Van toes policy. I'm not gonna be a problem Is it babe? I hope you know what you're doing A sealed trailer. That could be anything.
WTVN
"lauren vogel" Discussed on WTVN
"I Heart, radio and stuff. Media. I'm angry and I'm Lauren Vogel Bomb and today we're talking about collard greens, huh? Another part of the traditional Southern New Year's Day meal, which I thought was going to be kind of boring, kind of like turnip greens if we did recently, but no, no, very different, actually different yet entirely different cultural thing and also very different from kale, even though they're very closely related. I'm constantly surprised in this world. So in this meal collard greens represent folding green money on your meant that eat them to bring you all that money coming New year, right? Yeah, yeah. Eat him on New Year's Day with your black eyed peas, probably some kind of pork product in there. Corn bread? Yes, this year I made soup. Oh, yeah. I mean, black eyed, pea colored green and sausage soup, and it's delicious. Very spicy. Oh, that sounds great. It is. It is. And as I said, before, I love collard greens and also my family. The men prefer collard greens to turn of greens. Less bitter. According to them on we ate collard greens and turnips all the time when I was growing up usually boiled with ham hock salt, pepper. Teeny bit of sugar helps us. Oh, yeah, That's us. Yes, my dad used to eat. He have a cup. And he'd have in this cup buttermilk God games, corn bread and hot pepper sauce. I thought it was that the grossest thing when I was a kid, and then I tried. I was like, Okay, this is weird, but I get it, huh? Yeah. Okay. Sure. Yeah, It's like a weird bowl of savory cereal. Pretty much, uh, you collards and if you dip The corn bread at first, but then eventually kind of just crumbles. Yeah, okay. Yeah. Wasn't involved breakfast soup. It's not like Ambrosia. I guess my dad was big on breakfast soups know anything about it? Um and I actually got out. I just got off of a color green kick. I was eating them all the time. Yeah. Isn't this like their season? I'm getting out of the my color green time right as they come into their prime time. Well, I mean, you know, it's it's the entire winter season. So you know, late fall is also collard green time. I guess I guess you're right. I guess you're right here in the south along the time. It's collard green time. True. What do you What do your thought, Fun collard greens. I don't think that I had greens of any kind, Let alone collards cooked in, like the Southern way until I had been in Atlanta for a few years. So this is like, relatively recent for me. Yeah, I really like him, though. Now that I really like it with a good kick of vinegar and baking liquid, because Yeah, because I wanted to be a little bit little bit. Three. Yes. Um And I had it had green beans actually cooked. Similarly, my my grandmother on my mother's side would make green beans cooked with it was some kind of ham hocks situation and no hot sauce. Definitely. Yeah, Definitely. Nobody had time. So her thing. Oh, that That was the other grandmother. But no, both. Neither. Neither side of my family was into spicy food. I am some kind of aberration of nice. Yeah, but again yes, Obvious. Play the green beans would be a different kind of texture situation than a collard So yes, I do. I was thinking of the day that last year I made that those egg rolls for rdd session looks so good. Yeah, they're so good. I shouldn't make that. Yeah, You said they were delicious. Should we make them for D and D game so that I can eat them? Maybe I will. Maybe I will. But in the meantime, let's get to our question. Collard greens..
BrainStuff
Why Are Leaf Blowers So Annoying?
"Hey brain stuff lauren Vogel Bob here the sounds of autumn satisfying crunch the crisp apple or fallen leaves to your feet or the teeth grinding noise of a leaf blower. Powered by electric or gasoline motors that propel air out of a nozzle to send leaves and grass cuttings flying leaf blowers are probably the most Vilnai's devices in the lawn care universe to the noise that they have met in the mid nineteen seventies when leaf blowers became ubiquitous in the United States to California cities adopted early bands of the Equipment Carmel by the sea beverly labeled the leaf. Blowers a noise nuisance and banned their use a move that has been followed by hundreds of other cities across the United States to some degree. But what is it about leaf blowers that people hate is that the decibels the constancy delete blowers pose real dangers to the health of users or others who happen to be within earshot increasingly, the answer appears to be yes to all of the above. Leaf blowers may send leaves and lawn clippings for a ride, but the gusts which reach one, hundred, eighty, two, two, hundred, and eighty miles per hour. That's about two, hundred, ninety, two, four, hundred, fifty kilometers per hour also create a nose clogging swirl of fungus spores, herbicides, and microbes. The resulting dust is so aggravating to people with allergies, asthma bronchitis, and other respiratory maladies that the American Lung Association recommend staying away from leaf blowers altogether. And then there's the air pollution operating a commercial leaf blower for one hour and it's as much smog forming pollution as you would if you drove a recent mid-size car as say twenty sixteen Toyota Camry from Los Angeles Denver, which is about a one, thousand, one, hundred mile or a one, thousand, eight, hundred kilometer trip. That's because most leaf blowers used to cycle engines they're lightweight and inexpensive, but they require a mixture of gasoline and oil to run unlike more complex engines. They don't have separate chambers for fueling lubricants when operated the engine wastes approximately one third of the combined mixture releasing carbon monoxide, nitrous oxide, and hydrocarbons into the air. Three toxins are some of the main culprits in the air pollution from leaf blowers. Carbon monoxide helps for smug nitrous oxide is a prime ingredient in acid rain and has been linked to global warming. Hydrocarbons are cancer causing organic compounds that also contribute to smog formation plus leaf blowers are noisy. How noisy are they when you engage in conversation? That's a noise level of about. Sixty decibels according to the center for hearing and Communication. If you're strolling on a sidewalk in a car goes by that's about seventy decibels a leaf blower, even fifty feet or fifteen meters away can be up to seventy five decibels and right up close that jumps well into the nineties according to the World Health Organization any noise about seventy decibels risks causing physical hearing damage. And then there's the mental toll. Miss. A phony is a relatively newly classified condition in which people are angered by particular sounds like chewing or knuckle cracking although leaf blowers aren't mentioned in the diagnosis parameters it stands to reason this phony may be related to people's dislike the machines because they're extra sensitive to sound. Preliminary data shows that phones brains may have a hypersensitive connection between the auditory system and the LIMBIC system, which is the part of the brain that's responsible for creating emotions. It's so much a part of life for a phones that they can be shocked others don't feel or react the same way to certain noises. But being irritated by leaf blowers doesn't necessarily mean your phone. Erica. Walker a doctoral student at Harvard. University's Chan. School. Of Public Health discovered that is far less irritating to create a sound than it is to hear it in a survey of one thousand, fifty residents more than a dozen Boston neighborhoods, Walker found that the majority of respondents said they couldn't control or get away from noises like leaf blowers and they believed that no one really cared that it annoyed them. What's more other research has shown that leaf blowers, a low frequency noise that penetrates through outer walls into homes and businesses in a way that some other noises passing vehicles, for example do not. However. Leaf blowers have become an integral part of commercial lawn care while a leaf blower may sound like fingernails across chalkboard to you for the businesses that rely on them portion of their livelihood. It's probably music to the ears.
BrainStuff
The Now-extinct Castoroides Was a Bear-sized Beaver
"Brain stuff Lauren Vogel. Bam here. mammoths, mastodons and Sabertooth hats weren't the only giants roaming ancient America. The Pleistocene was a global epoch kicked off two point six, million years ago. It lasted right up. Until Earth's most recent ice age ended about eleven thousand, seven, hundred years before the present day. When you live in a cold environment, being big has its advantages. Large animals tend to conserve body heat more easily than smaller ones. This is one of the major reasons why colossal mammals were so widespread during the frigid pleistocene. CASTA Roy was very much a product of its time. The largest rodent in Pleistocene north. America, this very big beaver grew to more than seven feet long from tail to stout that's over two meters and could have weighed as much as two hundred and twenty pounds or a hundred kilos or more. Rivaling the American black bear in size casta royalties utterly dwarfed the Beavers that lived today modern Eurasian, and American beaver species clock in just around three feet long a bit less than a meter and way somewhere between twenty nine, seventy, seven pounds. That's about thirteen to thirty five kilos. Proportionately castaways had a narrower tail and shorter legs albeit with bigger hind feet than its extant relatives. We also know that it didn't eat the same foods. What he plans are a crucial part of every living beavers diet. The critters use chisel like incisors that's their front teeth to gnaw through bark and take down trees. But. Even though castaways incisors grew to be a whopping six inches or fifteen centimeters long the teeth had dollar edges by comparison. Dental differences would have made it a lot harder for Castro to eat tree bark and indeed it looks like this was not really on their menu. Using isotopic signatures and castaways teeth from Ohio and the Yukon a twenty nineteen study found that the giant beaver mostly eight softer aquatic plants. The findings say a lot about the Rodin's ecological niche and why it might have died out. For starters, castaways probably didn't build dams. Unusual. About that the earliest known beavers appeared during the easing. A which lasted between about fifty, six, thirty, four, million years ago. New evidence suggests that the wood harvesting specialists came along much later perhaps around twenty million years ago. In all likelihood, these bark fanciers used would as a food source before any of them started constructing dams. Since as fed on aquatic plants, its survival would have depended on wetland habitats. The animal was highly successful for a time cast Roy these fossils representing at least two distinct species have been documented in the Great Plains the Great Lakes, the American South Alaska and numerous Canadian provinces. Unfortunately for the mega sized beaver north. America. became warmer and drier after the last ice age ended wetlands grew scarcer as a result. Today's beavers used their logging skills to reshape the land around them so that it meets their needs with some well placed would in the nearest stream, a determined beaver engineer brand-new Pons. Yet if Castro Reuters didn't harvest would or build dams, it couldn't followed suit. So theoretically decline in natural wetlands left the giant beaver more susceptible to extinction. Last of these creatures perished around ten thousand years ago.
BrainStuff
Why Is 'Mayday' the International Distress Call?
"Stuff, Lauren Vogel bomb here. Mayday is an international distress. Call used by airplane, pilots, captains, and some emergency response personnel, the US coastguard deals with roughly twenty five thousand distress calls every year, some of which involved the mayday code. The signal arose just after world, war one as air traffic between Britain and mainland. Europe increased dramatically. All nearby nations needed an internationally understood signal that would alert authorities urgent aircraft problems. So, why not just use the standard? SOS call that Navy captains used when they were in trouble. Well ships communicated through Telegraph, Using Morse Code, and this technology made SOS of three dots, three dashes and three dots unmistakable by contrast aircraft pilots used radio calls and SOS, owing to its continents could be misheard as other letters like F. One Frederick. Stanley Mockingbird, a senior officer in London was put in charge of finding an appropriate code word. He reasons that because so much of the air traffic flew between Croydon. England and Paris France. It might make sense to use a derivative of a French word. He came up with mayday based on the French pronunciation of maybe or help me, which itself is a distilled version of eighty or come help me. The US formally adopted mayday a distress signal in nineteen, twenty seven. Due to radio, interference and loud ambient noise, a pilot's told repeat the word three times when they used the call. This repetition also serves to distinguish the transmission from others that simply refer to the mayday call. Although any situation in which it's being used as probably a little panic filled the federal aviation administration encourages pilots to offer specific information in a specific order, so that emergency responders exactly what they're dealing with. I told repeat. The word made a three times then the station address the aircraft call sign type the kind of emergency, the weather, the pilot's intentions, the current position, and heading the altitude, the fuel, remaining in minutes, the number of people on board, and finally any other pertinent details.
BrainStuff
Why Does the Hellbender Salamander Need Our Help?
"Lauren Vogel here. A remote freshwater streams somewhere in the eastern United States the waters cool. There's a reasonably fast current, and the bottom is littered with big flat. Rocks sounds peaceful, doesn't it? What you're imagining is a perfect environment for trout, and for something else to every so often anglers who cast their lines in such places wind up catching North America's biggest salamander. This thing leaves an impression specimens measuring twenty nine inches long. That's seventy three centimeters have been documented and the beefy EST adults way forty five pounds. That's about two to two and a half kilos. These four legged amphibians have compressed heads and torsos, meaning that judging by outward appearance. It thinks someone had squished these critters flat with a rolling pin. Another key attribute is there brown to Greyish skin which hangs noticeably loose around their flanks. Early settlers didn't know what to make of. These guys baffled by their appearance. Some folks began calling them that offers devil dogs or mud devils. The species would receive. Scientific name crypto branches allegany intil eighteen. Oh! But nowadays most people know this strange salamander. The Hell Bender. Hell benders are divided into two sub species northern Arkansas and southern Missouri are the home of the endangered ozark. Hell Bender the eastern hell. Bender has a broader distribution having spread itself across the Great Appalachian region and parts of the Midwest. Though sadly, it also got conservationists worried. Some Amphibians are equally at home on land and in the water, but hell benders are more or less totally aquatic. Their skin absorbs oxygen, pulling it straight out of the water that leaves Hell Benders at the mercy of pollutants and excess silt runoff dumped into their streams by forest. Clearing projects sure doesn't help. One report published in two thousand seven by the US. Fish and Wildlife Service estimated that the ozark hell bender will become functionally extinct by the year twenty, twenty six in less protective measures are taken. As Twenty nineteen. It was still classified as endangered by the US fish and Wildlife Service which said that in some good news, most populations of the hell bender. Endanger of extinction and therefore do not warrant listing under the endangered species, act. To help boost populations of the ozark hell bender. The Saint Louis Zoo teamed up with the Missouri Department of Conservation and established a successful breeding program in twenty eleven. And just last year Pennsylvania reading awareness about this wonderful species by naming the eastern Hell Bender it's official State Amphibian. Maybe such efforts will improve the Salamanders PR. There's a pervasive belief that the hell bender has venomous bite, but this is untrue. The Hell Bender wheeled no venom and spite rumors to the contrary. The Infineon's do not hurt game fish populations. crawfish make up over ninety percent of the hell. Benders Diet, other potential prey items include tadpoles, smaller, Salamanders and small fish. The creatures are most active at night. They spend their days taking refuge under submerged logs or stream bottom rocks,
BrainStuff
Why Is Our Blood Red?
"Hey grainstuff Lauren. Vogel bomb here with another classic episode from Erstwhile Host Christian Sager. I admit we originally wanted to do this episode. Hey because it's interesting but be because we are fans of horror and we wanted to demonstrate the episode on Youtube by dumping a bucket of fake blood over my head. Carrie style. If you happen to look it up. I apologize in advance for what counted as my acting ability at the time but the subject remains fascinating. Our blood is always read even in our veins when it looks blue. Here's why a brain stuff it's Christian Sagar. Do you remember in the movie carry where they dumped pig blood on that girl at her prom while the annals of human biology actually published an article in two thousand and twelve showing that humans are excellent detectors of pig blood but we are far less developed at detecting human blood. They concluded that human blood has no specific smell or appearance. That triggers immediate recognition. So blood is always read right. But why does it have to be read contrary to popular belief? It's not blue when it's in our bodies even when it's Deok's oxygenated but oxygen is part of the color. Along with the protein molecule haemoglobin the detaches to oxygen it carries from the lungs to muscles as blood gets pumped through the human body and while blood is always red shade depends on how much oxygen carrying for instance. When you cut a person's arteries open they bleed. This really bright red blood because of the complex formed between Hemoglobin Iron and lots of oxygen. But if you look deeper into the circulatory system and peered into vein that was delivering all of its oxygen. You would see that. The blood is a deeper Maroon. Color so veins they look blue or green mainly because of skin and skin. Pigmentation plays a big role. Since everyone's skin is a different color. Our veins look different. Especially because the tissue above our veins scatters red light. But let's blue light right on through. Even the Veins Reddish Brown. They appear to be blue from the outside. So is the way human beings perceived color another factor here as well yes. Researchers have shown that it
BrainStuff
Why Was the Mad Hatter Mad?
"To brainstorm a production of iheartradio. Hey brain stuff lauren. Vogel bomb here. If you've read Lewis Carroll's Alice's adventures in Wonderland or seen the movie adaptations the character of the mad. Hatter is bound to have left an impression. He's eccentric to say the least as presides over a rollicking tea party that Alice attends but the idea of being mad as a hatter will in the British sense mad meaning crazy not angry. It didn't come from Carol and if you like. Alice have a tendency to fall down. Rabbit holes this phrase is an interesting one. Carroll's book was published in eighteen sixty five but the Oxford English dictionary puts the earliest known use of mad as a hatter in eighteen twenty nine. That's three and a half decades before any march hare's or dorm. I sipped tea or the Cheshire. Cat made his famous claim of the General Madness of the inhabitants of wonderland. Where all mad here? The actual origin of the phrase mad as a hatter is unknown but it's believed to be connected to mercury poisoning in hat makers several years after Allah's had her first appeared in eighteen. Eighty three the phrase hatters shakes was used to describe the condition caused by mercury poisoning. The symptoms include muscle tremors and mental and behavioral changes. Wonderland's hatter behaves strangely in the novel as do most of the characters but his friend seemed to accept his oddities as being normal today. Mercury poisoning is known to the medical and scientific communities as Eric Ism. The modern list of symptoms include irritability and mania both of which the hatter displays. But there's also sleep disturbances. Depression disturbance hearing loss and those telltale tremors at least the bladder of which the hatter does not seem to have though to be fair. He only appears briefly. You may be glad to learn that. Although short term exposure to Mercury Ken 'cause Earth Ism. It usually goes away if you can avoid further contact with mercury long-term exposure such as that that dental professionals and chemical workers experience can mean the symptoms persist in any case. Eric ISM is a rare disease after the tea party. During the playing card court trial to determine who has stolen the tarts the hatter explains the king that he has no have his own because he sells all of the hats he has which brings us to the last stop in our rabbit hole. A what does mercury have to do with hats? It was part of a process called carrying in order to make felt which is what many hats are made of. You have to get the for of a beaver or rabbit to stick together in a Matt. Thick stiff fabric. A which means you have to get the for off of the skin to get the for off the skin. Cleanly mercuric nitrate was used. It came to be known as caring because the solution would turn the edges of the pelts orange as it dried modern haberdasher use hydrogen peroxide to remove the from the skin which is a slower but much safer process but apparently lose. Carol didn't mean to slander hatters via his tea party.
BrainStuff
Why Are Fruit Flies Science Superstars?
"We'll come to brainstorm production of iheartradio. Hey brain stuff lauren. Vogel bomb here. If you've ever swatted fruit flies hovering over the fruit bowl on your kitchen counter and wondered what purpose they could ever possibly serve humanity. You're not alone. They are small. Today are annoying but humans owe them a huge debt of gratitude for their contributions. The science modern genetics one species in particular. Drosophila melanogaster is a superstar of tiny annoying things at least five Nobel. Prizes have been awarded to scientists for their work on fruit flies. Yes the lowly fruit fly and the larger glorious urge human have together tackle genetics and done a lot of cool stuff but like why fruit flies. And how do you keep them out of your kitchen? And do we need to blame scientists for them? Being in your kitchen to begin with a fruit flies have been used in biological studies for a long time which means there are a lot of tools and resources for scientists using Drosophila melanogaster to ask interesting questions. But there are some specific reasons. The species has always been a darling of geneticists for starters in genetics. It's helpful to have research subjects that can cycle through generations rather quickly and fruit. Flies are great at that. We spoke by email Thomas Merritt PhD professor in the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry at Laurentian University in Ontario Canada. He said fruit flies create a new generation about two weeks making breeding them in the lab. Simple there are also small and easy to rare and care for and it's easy to house as many of them as you need in a single lab at one time also. Fruit flies are surprisingly similar to humans and other vertebrates their Sophomore Molyneaux gaster has fourteen thousand genes and we humans have somewhere between twenty thousand and twenty five thousand and about eight thousand of those genes analogous similarly must fly. Biochemistry is the same or similar to ours. Merritt said fruit flies are great to work on if you're interested in variation between individuals or genetic lineages there are also a great system. If you're interested in experimentally altering the environment they are so small we can do things like keep thousands of flies at different temperatures to see how temperature changes metabolism or gene activity in one. Study IN MY LAB. We used a small conveyor belt to slowly turn the vials. We keep the flies in this. Simple instrument is essentially a fly treadmill. And we can get literally hundreds of flies exercising on a small desktop but fruit flies can be annoying in a lab just as they can in your kitchen to begin with their small and it's very difficult to dissect a fruit fly in case you're wondering and although we share many of the same genes genetic networks were separated from them by hundreds of millions of years of evolution. So it's hard to make assumptions about ourselves based on what we find in these little insects because there are substantial biological differences between us. Merritt said there are certainly questions that are better asked and larger or evolutionary more closely related species like rats and mice a similarly. There are questions now. For example changes in genes through evolution. That are better asked and organisms. That are even smaller can be kept in even larger numbers and with even shorter life. Spans like bacteria or fungi but we can't blame scientists for the proliferation of fruit flies in the world. They would have been there regardless. Merritt explained Drosophila. Melanogaster is a cosmopolitan species. Meaning it's found essentially almost anywhere. We find humans. A fruit fly has pretty simple needs in order to prosper and multiply and those needs are usually met in our homes a moderate temperatures and a source of fresh produce. That's on the overripe side. This is why fruit flies live high on the hug and places like dumpsters compost tapes and Kitchens Merritt said a one interesting thing is we seem to see more flies inside in the early fall. I think that's from flies. That have been happily breeding and multiplying outside all summer. Moving into the warmer inside spaces as the weather cools. The good news is the fruit.
BrainStuff
Why Can a Mongoose Take on a Cobra?
"Now available on the iheartradio APP. Or wherever you listen to podcasts. It will come to brainstorm a production of iheartradio. Hey brain stuff lauren. Vogel bomb here. There aren't very many animals out there that could could fight a King Cobra and eat it for dinner but a mongoose is one of them before we go any further. Let's talk about Mongoose. In general have you ever seen among us. There are twenty nine species of them and not all of them. Look the same but they are all long bodied short eared. SORTA weasley looking animals. They they aren't very closely related to weasels. Though if you're an animal in the order Carnivora which is the order of mammals are mostly carnivorous and have teeth adapted for flesh-eating you can either be on team dog or team cat. Weasels are related to dogs. And however much mongooses look like weasels they. We are firmly on team cat fact. A mere cat is a type of Mongoose and cat is right there in its name. Mungo says live in colonies and most species. He's live in Africa. Although one species the job and Mongoose has been introduced to Europe and is also wreaked havoc and ecosystems all of the world especially on islands like Hawaii. Puerto Rico and Jamaica although mongooses are small. They're bright feisty and what scientists call non-discriminatory predators. That is if they can catch or kill it. They'll eat it up to and including venomous snakes and an animal like that can do a lot of damage on an island. But how can it be. That Skinny Mongoose can take on one of the most venomous snakes in the world. Like the Hulking King Cobra whose venom can kill an adult human. And around thirty minutes the grudge match was popularized in Rudyard kipling's eighteen ninety four short story Rikki Tiki Tavee. But that's not the only time among us has contributed to popular popular culture a Hindu fable about among us in a snake dates back to at least three hundred. B C E in the nineteen thirties. A family on the Isle of Man claimed claimed talking Mongoose named Jeff Spelled. GEF by the way lived in their walls by turns threatening them protecting them. Killing rabbits for their dinner and telling jokes in the story became a tabloid sensation and the paranormal investigation. That resulted is the subject of a recent book called Jeff The strange tale of an extra special talking Mongoose News in the real world a few specialized traits have allowed Mongooses to add venomous snakes to their list of entrees for starters mongooses uses are quick and agile and have strong jaws and thick
BrainStuff
Why Are Bananas Berries, but Strawberries Aren't?
"Welcome to brainstorm production of iheartradio Burgio. Hey brain stuff lauren. Vogel bomb here. There is an age old war of terminology in the culinary world that you're probably familiar with tomato fruit or vegetable. There's another lesser-known existential crisis in the kitchen. That demands attention to bananas. Are they berries this and if so what the heck are berries anyway. Botanically speaking these particular dilemmas may have never crossed your mind but once you start digging into the topic you might find you end up with more questions than you started out with for instance. What even is a fruit buttons consider fruit to be the parts of flowering implants that develops from the ovary and vegetable? That's a little trickier since. It's pretty much any part of the plan. That isn't considered a fruit or seed within the fruit family. You've got sub categories that include citrus stone fruits palms like apples and pears droops like peaches and apricots and pertinent torch discussion today berries. The differences between these subcategories comes down to which part of the plants flower ovary produces these skin flesh and seeds of the fruit in question. The technical definition of a berry is a fleshy fruit produced from a single very. If you're not too familiar with botany. The definition probably isn't helpful at all but once you learn that oranges and tomatoes fit that definition to a t and therefore could be considered berries. You start to the question reality go step further and find out that strawberries yes. Those delicious red fruits with Berry literally in the name aren't officially berries. Either either. Their accessory fruits meaning the flesh that surrounds the seeds doesn't actually come for the plants. Ovaries but from the ovaries receptacle didn't think would be talking so much about ovaries in this episode. Did you by the way raspberries aren't technically berries. Either it all goes to show that our language and especially the connective tissue between between our everyday language and our scientific language is highly flexible so scientifically speaking. What exactly is a berry? Well a berry has three layers of flesh the EXO carp or the outer skin the mess. Oh carp or the flesh in the middle and the endo carp which is the innermost part that holds the seeds and guess what has all those layers though yellow peeled white fleshed seed carrying banana. which by the way is the number one fruit choice in the United States according to the? USDA in two thousand seventeen every
BrainStuff
Can Camping Help Us Sleep Better?
"Hey grainstuff Lauren. Vogel bomb here in this Hetty era of peak efficiency officiency in productivity when APPS and software. Promise you the fastest path to personal or professional organization. You might even want to regulate the amount of time that you spend dozing between excessive screen. Time longer working hours you might be desperate for a more natural and probably earlier bedtime but setting a sleep schedule is no small no matter how ever a study published in current biology shows that there might be a rather simple solution a weekend. Camping could be the path to an earlier bedtime and no. That's not because of exhaustion from constant grizzly vigilance. Although that can't hurt it's because we rely on electrical light at night and get get to little exposure to daylight so our circadian rhythms push for later bedtime. Our Circadian Rhythms Are Twenty Four Hour Cycle of behavioral responses to light and bark this and that controls our biological clocks. The researchers studied campers for a week in the winter and a weekend in the summer to test seasonal snow and environmental circadian changes during the winter. The cameras used no electronic light at all. The study found that after spending time in natural real light in darkness the participants adapted to the natural light dark cycle. They slept longer and went to bed earlier than they would electrical environments a whole two and a half hours hours earlier for the winter group notably. The research shows that even around the winter solstice when nights are long folks enjoyed an earlier bedtime after being out the nature for a few days Milton levels which regulate wakefulness and sleep rose night and fell right when the camera's got up the typical cycle but before were they trump through the wilderness. They're MELATONIN levels. Were slightly off following hours after they got up meaning their bodies still desperately wanted to sleep. Camping camping is particularly advantageous on the weekend. The research also shows because that's when we usually wake and sleep later and have circadian delays. Even more benefits might come from knowing humans respond to seasonal light so strongly a Kenneth Right a CO author of the study points out that workplaces with more natural light could lead to more arrested and productive workers so it is possible to reset our biological clocks just like a lot of animals.
BrainStuff
Why Can We Hear Others' Footsteps, But Not Our Own?
"Welcome to the future of spaceflight experience. The journey live and stay tuned for the crude rude launch. Featuring Boeing's first commercial commander Chris Ferguson. Welcome to brain stuff. Production of iheartradio. Hey brain stuff. Lauren Vogel bomb here. You're walking down a deserted street to all quiet in your thoughts and suddenly you hear footsteps. Of course your own footfalls were making noise too. So why is it so easy to ignore our own noises and so easy to hear others. Scientists scientists have long known that we're capable of tuning out our own personal noises but we're previously in the dark about how the brain accomplishes this feat. The results of a new study published in the Journal. Channel nature aims to amp up our understanding of this phenomenon by focusing on footsteps. We spoke with lead researcher. Dr David Schneider and Assistant Professor with the Center for Neuroscience at New York University. He explained we wanted to understand how the individual cells and our brains are neurons. Work together to make that happen. I've been to do that. We studied mouse brains and we built an augmented reality system. So that when mice ran we could experimentally. Control the sounds. They heard we. We could give them a couple of days with their walking making one sound then. We could unexpectedly switched the sound. The research was conducted at Duke University School of Medicine. The scientists soon discovered that when the mice expected they're walking to sound a particular way the neurons in the auditory cortex. One of the main hearing centers of the brain stopped responding into the noise. Schneider said it was almost like they were wearing special. Headphones could filter out the sound of their own movements in contrast when we played an unexpected sound neurons and their auditory cortex had large responses. The scientists soon realized that as the mice were becoming familiar with the sounds of their own. Walking there were some important. Connections being changed between the auditory cortex and the motor cortex. which is the part of the brain responsible for moving? Schneider said the connections and strengthen onto inhibitory neurons in the auditory cortex that are active. When the mouse heard the footsteps sound the end result was that every time the mouse walked a group of inhibitory inhibitory neurons were active to create a photo negative of the sound. The mouse expected which could cancel out the expected sound when it was heard. The experience isn't limited to footsteps. Either Schneider said the heavy breather rarely knows that they're heavy breather because it doesn't sound as loud to them and I think the same is true of key strokes folks assure I can hear my own keystroke when I'm typing but I don't usually get annoyed by them but if someone's sitting next to me was typing heavily. Drives me batty for any any creature. Accustomed to being hunted like mice. This ability to filter out one's own innocuous noises and focus on the more potentially dangerous ones is critical. This is also the same phenomenon at play when we sing. Speak or play music. Schneider explained we usually have an idea in our head for what sounded like to produce use when I sit down at piano and strike the keys for example. I know what music I want it to make. But when we're practicing we often get it wrong the mechanism that we've described in this paper. The ability to ignore the expected consequences of our movement gives us the extra cool ability to detect. When we've got it wrong so if I play the piano just right I hear it sure but my auditory cortex is pretty silent but when I play it wrong I get a much larger response as a result. The brain is able to interpret Britt that responses. Hey that didn't sound right. Maybe I should move my fingers a little different next time that allows us to learn from our mistakes though. The researchers are still trying to figure out what exactly how such errors signals are employed by the brain when learning language and music
BrainStuff
Are Less Experienced People More Confident?
"He rain stuff lauren. Vogel Bam here with an episode from the archives for you back when our host one Christian Saker this is one. That's come up and I think all of our conversations and frustrations lately are less informed. Armed people more confident and if so why bring stuff. It's me Christian and Sager. If you're like most people you think you're very good at some things and are able to admit your less good at others. You probably think you're superbly-talented in one honor to areas and hey you may be right you try to be honest with yourself about your strong points and you're weak ones and you likely shake your head in pity at people you see as well. Oh stupid say things like. Why don't they understand that they're bad at doing stuff? Well there is an answer. But you're not gonna like it and this answer it doesn't just apply to people you think of as dumb it applies to everyone on earth including you and me. It's not a matter of intelligence necessarily a difficult fickle thing to measure but it is related to competence the ability to do something well in nineteen ninety nine psychologist named David Dunning and his Grad assistant didn't Justin Kruger tested. A group of students in several categories the ability to think logically to write grammatically and to spot. Funny Jokes folks. They also asked students to rate their skills in these categories. That is when they noticed something. Weird the people scoring below average on these tests were just incompetent in these categories. They also didn't know they were incompetent. And here's the kicker the less competent they were are the more competent. They ranked themselves. This is a phenomenon called illusory superiority this is a cognitive bias. Bias wherein people tend to rate their own abilities as above average multiple. Studies have proven this effect in everything from firearms to college. DEBATES AND MED students opinions of their interviewing skills. It doesn't seem to matter what specific skill were talking about. The less person knows about it the more likely they are to overestimate their knowledge. While dunning and Kruger popularized this effect in modern society. They weren't the first people to notice the relationship between confidence modesty. Honesty and skill philosophers throughout the ages have contemplated this idea like Bertrand Russell. Who famously wrote the trouble with the world is that the stupid are cocksure talk? Show in the intelligent are full of doubt. And here's another weird thing. People with actual competency are likely to actually underestimate their abilities. Researchers believe this modesty comes because competent people are more aware of how much they don't actually know as well as their field in general they also also consistently overestimate the performance ability of others. It all goes back to
BrainStuff
BrainStuff Classics: Why Is Bacon Considered A Breakfast Food?
"Soap I'm Lauren Vogel bomb and I've got classic episode for You. From our erstwhile host Christian Sagar Bacon may have seen its peak internet fame. A couple of years ago but it still has a home on many humans. It's plates especially at breakfast. But this wasn't always the case here's why tapering stuff. It's me Christian. Sager her every day before I head into the studio I have a healthy hearty breakfast of eggs coffee and of course bacon. Well I'm vegetarian. So in my case it's Veggie Bacon. Who has their life together enough to eat breakfast every day anyways right? That's crazy talk but the point is this if you are in the United States than you already know that Bacon is one of the most popular breakfast foods in civilization right up there with eggs. But this wasn't always the case for much of American history. Breakfast would be something simple like a slice of buttered toast with coffee and orange juice and believe it or not. There's one man responsible for changing the way. America eats breakfast his his name Edward Bernez. I know I know you're probably wondering how could just one guy sway. The minds of millions wasn't bacon already around. Yeah sure Bacon Bacon or cured pork has been around in European cuisine for hundreds and hundreds of years. But it wasn't thought of as a breakfast food. So in nineteen twenty I five and out foot named the Beech Nut Packing Company hired Edward Burnett as to boost their bacon sales most ad guys at the time would have high tailed the to a pitch room brainstorming. Catchy slogans like making Bacon for example or that Bacon pancakes song from adventure time but Bernez didn't go straight for ADS. Instead he commissioned a study in a quote scientific poll Bernez had a physician asked five thousand doctors. The same loaded did. Question is a quote hearty breakfast better than a light breakfast to replace energy lost by the body at night because of the way the poll was phrased as most doctors agreed. That hearty breakfast was superior. Bernez reported these quote scientific results to other doctors across the United States. He also so embarked upon a broadcast and print campaign reporting these results along with advertisements for Bacon. This campaign exhibited some brilliant if not exactly ethical strategies I it used the appearance of objective scientific evidence. Second this evidence came from trusted sorority figures in third it sounded like nutritional advice rather than an ad whether you like Bacon or not. You can't argue with the results. beech-nut profits Sword and today Bacon is a major
BrainStuff
Can We Win the War on Cockroaches?
"Hey brain stuff lauren. Vogel I'm here with great news. Cockroaches are quickly becoming resistant to several different insecticides. All at the same time. Cool cool cool one Michael SCHARF. A professor in the Department of Entomology at Purdue University along with his team found these pests are developing cross resistance to multiple classes of exterminators insecticides insecticides. The team's work was published in the June twenty nineteen issue of scientific reports. The problem is that each class of insecticides works differently to kill these his creditors so exterminators frequently mix them or switch them up to combat infestations. Cockroaches are resistant to multiple insecticides. Well you can see where this is going. Sheriff and his team used apartment buildings in Indiana and Illinois. That had infestations of German cockroaches as their experimental grounds I because it is very glamorous. They caught some of the roaches and tested them to see which insecticides had the lowest resistance on the roaches low resistance Austin spins the roaches would be more vulnerable to the treatments which scientists went onto us for six months. Sharf said in a press. Release if you have the ability to test just the roaches. I and picnic insecticide. That has low resistance that ups the odds but even then we had trouble controlling populations the researchers rotated -tated three different insecticides. That method kept the roach population stable over six months. Meaning it neither increased or decreased when they mixed to insecticides leads. The Roach population flourished according to the press release flourished being just about the last verb. Anyone wants to hear when talking about cockroaches when the the team used just one insecticide for the entire six months and the roaches had low resistance to that particular insecticide they were nearly wiped out. Well great right not really. Because of even ten percent of the roaches had resistance to that insecticide. The population would increase. Sharf said quote four to six fold in just one generation ration-. We didn't have a clue that something like that could happen this fast during this test. The Roach is also developed resistance to several other kinds of insecticides decides even if the new generations had never been exposed to them before so now what Scharff said he recommends combating roaches with more than chemical warfare including traps and vacuums quote. Some of these methods are more expensive than using only insecticides but if those insecticides aren't going to control or eliminate a population you're just throwing money away oh and hey you've probably heard that
BrainStuff
Could Science Create a Better Blood Supply?
"Today's episode is brought to you by the capital one venture card the capital one venture card you earn unlimited double miles on every purchase everyday and you can use those miles toward travel expenses like flights hotels the rental cars and more just book and pay for your travel using your venture card and Redeemer Miles toward the cost capital one. What's in your Wallet Credit Approval Required Capital One Bank USA NA welcome to brainstorm production of iheartradio hey brain stuff lauren. Vogel bomb here for years scientists have been toiling away in laboratories trying to make blood better or maybe more accurately better for more people that's one of the things at the withers research group at the University of British Columbia is working on pretty much every day you may know the basics of blood types humans have various kinds if you need a transfusion say you're injured in an accident or you're in the operating room awaiting some procedure you need the right type of blood either A. B. Ab or Oh oh and either positive or negative you need either your exact blood type or type o-negative which is considered universal and acceptable by all according to the American Red Cross blood transfusions needed every two seconds in the United States and every year four point five million lives are saved by safe transfusions so so type O is in high demand and in short supply so scientists have been fiddling with waste convert type A blood into type oh that would solve a lot of supply and demand and problems and they're getting closer every day for more than four years the withers lab on the Vancouver campus of ub see has been just science in the heck out of the challenge researchers there have been experimenting with different approaches to Strip certain sugar molecules from the surface of type a red blood cells effectively turning the cells into type oh which do not contain those sugar molecules these molecules antigens are what makes transfusions of different types of blood problematic type-b type-b blood for example contains antibodies that will attack those sugars on type a blood cells if the bloods mix and vice versa but having no I antigens type O blood is not attacked by other blood types antibodies which is why Typo is in such great demand the answer to ridding type ABE lot out of its antigens I proposed and demonstrated in the nineteen eighties was to use an enzyme that would in effect eat those sugars withers and his team building on that were searching for a better enzyme they turned inward in a manner of speaking they turned ultimately to the Human Gut withers explained planed what you're doing is you're essentially choosing an environment likely to contain enzymes to do the job you want and then you try to isolate your jeans and ultimately your enzymes from that environment one of the key steps is in my mind is actually choosing your environment in the first place is it going to be a bunch of soil some ocean water what's it going going to be withers and his group considered places where blood and bacteria would come in contact say in mosquitoes or vampire bats or leeches wither said but the complication is that it's only primates that is apes and ourselves that have the Abo blood system so mosquitos etc would have to be feeding on human blood and none of my graduate students seemed keen to volunteer the researcher settled on the human got the gastrointestinal walls where bacteria have been found to feed on similar sugars the theory was that they could take human DNA from a stool sample and isolate the genes that encode the bacteria to do who their sugar eating thing in the gut then they could see if that bacteria would do the job on the sugar on type a blood cells and fortunately for them human poop is in relatively tim great abundance after screening cataloging and sequencing the DNA the researchers finally found combination of enzymes that worked which effectively stripped stripped the sugars from type a blood their findings were announced in June of two thousand nineteen in the journal Nature Microbiology Post Doc Student Peter Raphael the lead the author on the paper said in a release this will really drive forward the option for blood banks to manage the blood supply as soon as we can be sure it's safe testing to establish that the enzymes don't strip the blood of anything else and the enzymes get all of the antigens from the surface of Taipei blood cells continues wither said definitely the research is still ongoing one part is doing all these things on safety the other part is trying to look further to see if there's even better enzymes and also to lookout for better enzymes for converting be type blood we focused on a because that's the most challenging one before and partly because there are reasonable enzymes for be the weather's group also is perfecting new methods of screening DNA at a smaller volume of it maybe soon could help make blood shortages a thing of the past today's episode was written by John Donovan and produced by Tyler claim brain stuff is a production of iheartradio's how stuff works for more in this month of other bloody awesome topics visit our home planet has stuff works dot com and from podcast my heart radio is the die heart radio. 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BrainStuff
Should You Really Punch an Animal in the Nose If Attacked?
"Today's episode is brought to you by the capital one venture card the capital one venture card you earn unlimited double miles on every purchase everyday and you can use those miles toward travel expenses like flights hotels the rental cars and more just book and pay for your travel using your venture card and redeemer miles toward the cost capital one. What's in your wallet. Credit approval required capital one bank u._s._a. N._a. Look into brain stuff production of iheartradio. Hey brain stuff. Lauren vogel bomb here. Let's say something has gone horribly wrong and you're in a physical fight with another human person. If that person punched you in the face what make you back off some might say that getting punched in the nose hurts like unreasonably so and that they would disengage others might argue that it would merely incite their ire after the initial shock kolin would kick in and then make even quicker work of their opponent when it comes to animal attacks the answer to whether a punch to the nose would stop an attack pretty much lies with what kind of animal you're considering punching and let's just make it clear right now that you should do all you can to avoid provoking animal attack and that if you're not being attacked punching any kind of animal is means for admittance into the special hell but that aside let's talk about a few different animals that have a reputation for needing a good stick in the nose and and whether that would actually help save your skin. The shark is the animal. Perhaps most commonly singled out for a defensive sucker punch. The rumor is that a good hard punch to the snout is going to send a shark reeling. There are a couple of problems with this. Though one is that it's super hard to punch anything underwater making dump on the nose pretty unrealistic another issue while shark noses are sensitive their gills and is are much more vulnerable punching one in the nose probably wouldn't do enough damage to stun it and you've got the added problem of needing to get a little too close for comfort to its enormous gaping jaws so perhaps no on punching sharks unless it's actively early and aggressively up in your face your best bet would generally be to swim away quickly and quietly as possible and keep in mind that we're not sharks preferred snacks. They usually approach humans out of curiosity rather than predation another suggested attacker for which a punch in the nose might work bears in many many cases. It's best to play dead around bear if they're just curious or if a mother is defending her cubs playing dead means they'll likely lose interest in you and amble on but it's also certainly appropriate to try to fight off aggressive bear and while it's not a sure thing punching more hitting bear is certainly going to help you fight it off so go go ahead in clocking in the knows if it's absolutely necessary of course the animal that's really going to be useful to punch is one that has a wildly sensitive snout so we present to you the animal it would be most useful to open the knows if it were attacking you. The star nosed mole with one hundred thousand sensory three neurons in its snout. It's extremely sensitive to touch however you'll almost certainly never need to defend yourself from one although they look like creatures out of a gemmell del toro film the star nosed mole is the size of a mouse and way more interested in eating worms than in bothering you today's episode written by kate kirschner and produced by tyler playing brain stuff is the production of iheartradio's how stuff works for more in this and lots of other sensitive topics visitor home planet housed networks dot com and from our podcast my heart radio doesn't iheartradio app apple podcasts or wherever you listen to your favorite shows money vertical of it and i'm jason jason pfeiffer editor in chief of entrepreneur magazine and what we know is this. If you're not talking about money. You're never gonna make any bit in our podcast hush money. We debate the uncomfortable the questions about money in life like do you give your friend alone. Who pays on the first date and how do you ask for a raise. Then a celebrity judge joins us to decide who's right listen and subscribe to hush money on apple podcasts the iheartradio app or wherever you listen to your podcasts.