35 Burst results for "Carnegie Mellon University"
WGN Radio
"carnegie mellon university" Discussed on WGN Radio
"Eastbound and westmore traffic will be down to one lane and eventually two. Ramps and exits will also be impacted. So check for detours. The roads management companies has most of the construction will happen from 6 a.m. to 8 p.m. Mondays through Saturdays. The Pentagon is concerned that China could be using medical mechanical cranes to spy on U.S. ports. There is no proof of any suspicious activity, but Chinese made cranes are all over the country, including military bases. The Wall Street Journal reports they have surveillance capabilities and are usually cheaper than many American made cranes. That can provide the potential to track where sensitive materials are headed or perhaps disrupt the flow of goods entirely. A defense bill which recently passed Congress will acquire officials to determine if the cranes pose a threat. As residents of east palestin, Ohio have grown distrustful of the federal government and the EPA, independent environmentalists have decided to do their own testing, more from news nations Jorge Ventura. From the water that flows through the creeks to the air, now independent researchers from Texas a and M and Carnegie Mellon university releasing their new findings and elevated level of a chemical of concern called acrolein. The report said in some areas levels were three times higher than expected compared to a typical urban environment. Researchers add, they are not yet sure what the health impacts of this may be. Some residents have complained of symptoms such as breathing problems, rashes, and sore throats, which they blame on last most trained ailment. And an estimated $2 million was raised for this year's polar plunge. Thousands of people turned out yesterday in north avenue beach to take the plunge 19th ward dollarman mantle chase sits on the board of special Olympic Chicago. This polar plunge allows us to expand programs and communities all across the city. This was the 23rd year for the event, as designed to support more than
WTOP
"carnegie mellon university" Discussed on WTOP
"To the travel site, hopper, around 54 million passengers are expected to take to the skies out of U.S. airports between December 18th and January 3rd. That's a number that could exceed 2019 pre-pandemic levels. At Denver International Airport, max Gordon, Fox weather. The fine for having a firearm in your carry on is going to be huge. The federal agency tasked with airport security says so far this year, officers have stopped a record number of guns going through airport security. The transportation security administration says it's anticipating that by the end of the year, they will nabbed about 6600 weapons. In response, the agency says it's increasing the maximum civil penalty for firearms violations to almost $15,000. Firearm possession laws vary by location, but they are never allowed in carry on bags at any airport security checkpoint. Even if a passenger has a concealed weapons permit, passengers transporting firearms must do so in a locked case in checked baggage and they must also declare the firearm to the airline. I'm Lisa dwyer. Amtrak is about to get a big upgrade. It's a new generation of trains that will be called Amtrak arrow. They'll be ready in 2026. The planes will be more fuel efficient and run at speeds of up to 125 miles an hour. And inside riders will enjoy a spacious interior enhanced with lights and USB ports and onboard Wi-Fi. There are some other modernizing changes on the way. They include service expansions, station upgrades, and improved track capacity along the northeast corridor. Some GM self-driving vehicles are under the federal microscope. The self-driving Chevy bolts have a tendency to stomp a little too quickly, and sometimes not start again if they can't figure out what's going wrong. Carnegie Mellon university, professor Phillip coupe, says the
Bloomberg Radio New York
"carnegie mellon university" Discussed on Bloomberg Radio New York
"The fed has to stay the course here Even if it remains recession Even if it means a recession the fed blew this badly They had a paradigm that guaranteed that they would be behind the curve and they were Now they get it I don't think this fed wants to be the fed that brings back enormously problematic inflation How much do your colleagues agree with you Because we heard Joe Biden saying that a recession is not inevitable Maybe not inevitable But do people in Washington agree that right now it's preferable to have a recession than to allow prices to continue to climb with this pace So that's if it has to be right That's my first of all I don't think a recession is inevitable I'd say it's probably a little more likely than not It could be mild It could be brief unemployment could rise very modestly from really quite low levels that they're at now But we never get back to really strong growth and really good opportunity unless we get stability in the dollar We're not there right now That's got to be exercise number one for our medium and long-term prosperity Do you think that the banks with the financial banking sector really under your peer view are prepared for a fed that is not going to blink as so many people seem to believe Yeah yeah I think so Well I mean as you know there's a rising interest rate environment It's actually helpful for a lot of banks So I'm not sure which ones you're referring to Obviously those that are based more on securities trading they it's hard to say right They may do well for volume purposes They'll take their lumps in other ways But look that can't be the consideration We've got to get back to normalizing interest rates normalizing the inflation level And then we can have strong growth again Andrew Carnegie built a school building at Carnegie Mellon and he built it with a slanted floor So that if it failed if Carnegie Mellon university failed he could turn it into a factory That was the entrepreneurial spirit of Pittsburgh of long long ago on far away You and I lived the 74 75 crater that was Pittsburgh Do we need to fear that Do we need some humility still about manufacturing in America or have we now become service sector so much So you know this very well but I do think it's worth repeating I'm America manufacturer will manufacture more this year than any year in our history More added value in manufacturing it happens in different with different products It's less labor intensive but we are a great manufacturing powerhouse We will retain that in my view And Pittsburgh's doing great Senator before we let you go Who do you help replaces you in the Senate Either one of.
WTOP
"carnegie mellon university" Discussed on WTOP
"A moment WTO P news one O 3.5 FM Double DLP at three 27 When will self-driving vehicles be commonplace This is just going with the cork chronicles Now robo taxis in limited areas may start appearing this year but that's just a first step It's going to be many many years before you see widespread adoption probably decades Carnegie Mellon university professor Philip koopman says the technology underlying self-driving cars machine learning is brittle It's good at things that seem before It's really bad at things that hasn't seen before and the world is full of things that is not seen before Carnegie Mellon university in Pittsburgh is often seen as the birthplace of vehicle automation and has been working on the issue for more than a quarter century With the court chronicles I'm Jeff Gilbert CBS News I'd probably demote march 11th glad you're with us here at WTO P three 28 in the morning Traffic and whether all the 8s and when it breaks good morning to rich hunter in the WTO P traffic center Hi good morning dean for now traffic moving well on 66 but despite the work sounds they still are working in both directions near the beltway eastbound between nutley street and the bellway westbound just after route 7 extending across the Bali out toward the Dunn loring metro station And again each case you stay right to get by the works on the difference being on the westbound side it's one singling to the right but again for now no significant delay in either direction but be aware there's still out there and the last check they were still diverting folks westbound 66 at route 50 fairfax to go west on 50 at exit 57 B following the posted detour I'll take you up to west Oxford ride ramps come back east and pick up 66 westbound beyond the work sound Again not really much in the way of delays there For now it's been moving pretty well but 95 and three 95 are off to a good start no early worries along the George Washington Parkway in either direction rich hundred WTO traffic Storm team four tracking the next couple of days 61 on your Friday with plenty of sunshine looking at a fantastic Friday Saturday though starting off with rain switching over to snow we'll see some heavy rain Maybe.
Keystone Education Radio
"carnegie mellon university" Discussed on Keystone Education Radio
"I have the chance to talk with greg and ryan about their book. The research of dr george land and tools identified as he central learning. Welcome gregg welcome ryan. Thanks for joining me. I thank you expert joining us absolutely so your book. I've already said the title when you wonder you're learning and it's based on mister rogers enduring lessons. What prompted you to write a book based on mister rogers and y y fred. Rogers will first and foremost. It's a book about learning and it's a book that stems from nearly fifteen years work here in south western pennsylvania for fifteen years schools museums libraries in all of the educators who work in these and other learning spaces have been coming together under something called remake learning which is amazing network of educators in and out of school pre k. Through higher ed thinking about what is relevant what is engaging what is equitable in support of young people and the learning experiences that were trying to create for them. I mentioned this because very early on. We started talking about fred rogers. And it's easier in twenty twenty one than in twenty. Oh seven to articulate this but we talk about the fred method and the ways in which these educators involved in remake learning. Take advantage of what fred rogers did. And we can think about fred's work in a simple formula whole child. Plus learning sciences equals the fred method. That is like fred rogers. These educators are grounded in child development theory and practice understand what's developmentally appropriate for children in youth and they're also learning from what we're learning about learning itself from places right here in our backyard like carnegie mellon university and the university of pittsburgh but also campuses higher education and research institutes across this country and i mentioned the learning sciences. Because for me and ryan this was our big. Aha that is seeing fred rogers as a learning scientists not just as that childhood hero of ours not just as some convenient story to talk about education and learning but really understanding fred rogers and his work as someone who was a learning scientist a learning engineer. Someone who was deliberate end intentional about what it is that he did with his program. And that's what we're finding among educators all across south western pennsylvania who are involved in remake learning. One of the things that struck early on was just how far ahead of his time. Fred rogers was You know if you talk to. Susan the leading learning scientists today. Many of whom are working right. You're in pittsburgh at places like a carnegie mellon if you read the research papers if you go to their conferences Which we've been doing a lot of over the past few years. They talk a lot like fred does. It's interesting they don't necessarily sound by scientists at i. They don't talk about charts and graphs. They don't talk about things that are being measured increasingly. They're talking about things. Like how do we make sure kids feel safe. How do we make sure kids feel like they belong to a community that cares about them. How do we make sure that kids view that they are loved and capable of loving when learning scientists speak today. They sound a lot like mister rogers. And mister rogers neighborhood. Once we realized that we realized we had a book on our hands and we realized that what fred was doing. You know starting in nineteen sixty eight in many ways. Learning sciences is just catching up to him. Now you're absolutely right so far ahead of his time. It's it's there's so much more to what he offered. I think than you know. Maybe what was on face value the television personality as beloved as that was so in your book. You describe tools for learning And they're described as essential..
Cyber Security Weekly Podcast
"carnegie mellon university" Discussed on Cyber Security Weekly Podcast
"Two point four and five piglets region they they had suffocated soft bennett. hopes the these these frequency channel. Because they pretty. I've been frequencies dies but do you have multiple forms of comes as well. I mentioned to the bluetooth than five jay. But you mentioned Obviously the radio frequencies as well can you sort of bounce around different forms of communication if needed so underground do not use wifi new as communication. But we do use that to identify objects so for example the mobile phones that they have on the ground As part of this challenge they emit wifi and bluetooth and v use a wifi sniffer to try and locate. Look at the move on not relying on that as a mode of communication but it's still handy to particularly if it is a disaster. Ernie can detect funds As well that's the idea right anything else that feels unnoticed. Detained tracks robots with pitches by the strong robotics company b. I thought sinek directly. How many spinouts coming out of this We've we've already mentioned santa any any other coming out in the next one is how advanced is these. You've come sick in in a global competition. Which is will leading an you've beaten the likes of the columbia This is pretty advanced. A autonomous robotics imply here. Yes a so so you you mentioned aspen. Also an and so we we have different modes of trying to get our ib out into the world and allow people to use it. So innocent is a great example. Asked by not accompany to accomplish lies. do not meet And and more recently What we've done is we've got slammed at which i mentioned earlier. And we are in preparation to spin out company. Commercialize wildcats slam But in the meantime we also do licensing so what we've done is we've set up newly-adopted program not just for all wildcats slam. But also the cat back hotbed the hardware that sits on top of the ground robots that performs the diction and slam so we Via licensing this out to a number of companies and we have a brisbane based company called auto map. Who's one of the adopters and you can go to auto map and purchase one of these cutbacks. And have the same All similar capability that ground robots had and we did collaborate with the five hours crispin based company that manufactures distract robots and we purchase those Platforms from them. And then me. Against brain them get gave the robots our position capability vacation capability and daughter no musical form mortgage and margin tasks and in terms of the very formidable competition that we had so in the end. The final event had a lineup of eight teams and They they comprised of the the heavyweights in the field robotics. And the i like. We had the likes of Nozzle agip repulsive jet propulsion laboratory Mit and That that will the mix and we had The carnegie mellon university They they also are very a formidable in the field robotics domain and then the team that came first What's called team. Cerebral and they. They were combination off Idiots uric amused oxford And used only want to reno The norwegian university of science and technology and a a swiss company called flammability so in the end we tied for the top school. We tied for twenty three points with the team cerebral and that's when they had enrolled the tiebreaker rules to who's called those twenty three points the fastest in the one at a time after that yet soviet misspelled by forty six. And that's that's a very narrow margin if you're one of timeframe but you're still very happy with this outcome because we had an opportunity to really showcase australian technology and global game. Well i would have come down to in things like the power used the processing required. I would have put a few smolder than just time advocates again. If you've done it more efficiently. But i've forty six seconds rocky. That's why winning second olympics missing by split-second. Really how long i suppose. How long was that forty. Did you say forty six seconds. How long was the exercise to be nipped at the by that much sixty minutes. So it's one that's close and look it was a true photo-finish a but still we very happy with the with the baby and formed and what we wanted to do was this. Was this marathon like this was a three year project. Lose by forty six seconds. It's even but what we wanted to do was at the end. What i was telling the team as well regardless of the ranking. Let's come out of the final event having had the best round that we've ever had the competition and that's exactly what we did. All the technology came together. Things worked as designed the system system worked system work and we had best ever around that we've had the past three years in the final and then that's that's where it counted and i think that's what matters have. How much did you to sort of a can't use a coup wins. I think is the best way to guide How much did you did. You take the other team whose air gap all with an all it does is six teams coming in pretty close so if i remember correctly the top two scores between the first and second most twenty three and then The the was eighteen points. That was Team mabul that was a combination of university of colorado boulder and unions colorado denver and then the fourth place was seventeen points.
Environment: NPR
"carnegie mellon university" Discussed on Environment: NPR
"When astronomer diane turn shack move to pittsburgh in nineteen eighty-one she noticed. Something big was missing from the night sky. When i grew up in new england you could just walk outside and look up and see the milky way. But when i arrived in pittsburgh the sky had started to decline in quality. Still she says at the time her students at carnegie mellon university were very familiar with the milky way they knew about stars and constellations. That is not the case anymore forty years later. I have to explain what the milky way is and describe what it looks like in a show pictures and they think those pictures are fake. Because of light pollution major constellations can be totally invisible in cities. The pittsburgh city council is now trying to do something about it with the help of scientists like turn check. It passed a dark sky. Ordinance last week to reduce light pollution. This city is going to replace streetlights with warm tone. Led lights and they're also going to install shields so that late doesn't travel up what we're trying to do is cut out the light at the blue end of the spectrum because blue light scatters more easily than red light in the atmosphere rate. That's why the sky is blue. So blue light scatters everywhere. It doesn't stay where your lighting and to measure progress. She has some help in the higher ups in august. The astronauts on the international space station took some pictures of pittsburgh for on a clear night. And that's the before shot. The astronauts are gonna continue to take pictures of pittsburgh so we will have during pictures and after pictures. Terzic believes that as the sky's get darker more people will look up. In wonder that means more people more children will be able to see it and the benefits of being connected to half of our universe. I can't overstate that. It's a spiritual thing to feeling of connection with the universe she's hopeful it will peak young people's interest in the stars above and encourage them to pursue subjects such as
Environment: NPR
Pittsburgh Wants You to See Constellations
"When astronomer diane turn shack move to pittsburgh in nineteen eighty-one she noticed. Something big was missing from the night sky. When i grew up in new england you could just walk outside and look up and see the milky way. But when i arrived in pittsburgh the sky had started to decline in quality. Still she says at the time her students at carnegie mellon university were very familiar with the milky way they knew about stars and constellations. That is not the case anymore forty years later. I have to explain what the milky way is and describe what it looks like in a show pictures and they think those pictures are fake. Because of light pollution major constellations can be totally invisible in cities. The pittsburgh city council is now trying to do something about it with the help of scientists like turn check. It passed a dark sky. Ordinance last week to reduce light pollution. This city is going to replace streetlights with warm tone. Led lights and they're also going to install shields so that late doesn't travel up what we're trying to do is cut out the light at the blue end of the spectrum because blue light scatters more easily than red light in the atmosphere rate. That's why the sky is blue. So blue light scatters everywhere. It doesn't stay where your lighting and to measure progress. She has some help in the higher ups in august. The astronauts on the international space station took some pictures of pittsburgh for on a clear night. And that's the before shot. The astronauts are gonna continue to take pictures of pittsburgh so we will have during pictures and after pictures. Terzic believes that as the sky's get darker more people will look up. In wonder that means more people more children will be able to see it and the benefits of being connected to half of our universe. I can't overstate that. It's a spiritual thing to feeling of connection with the universe she's hopeful it will peak young people's interest in the stars above and encourage them to pursue subjects such as
Environment: NPR
"carnegie mellon university" Discussed on Environment: NPR
"Hurricane ida crumpled a major transmission tower. That survived katrina sixteen years ago building infrastructure. That strong enough is hard when the target keeps moving because storms are getting stronger energy consultant alison silverstein says utilities and their regulators can take planning cues from murphy's law. We need to assume that everything possible that could go wrong is going to go wrong. Simultaneously and murphy is always gonna win. President biden's climate plan includes a much bigger role for electricity electric cars. For example cutting carbon footprint says easier with electricity from emission free sources like wind solar and nuclear. But even those have to stand up to extreme weather putting wires underground may seem obvious but engineering professor destiny. Knock at carnegie mellon university says that won't always work in hurricane country where you might have under grounded. The lines to protect them from wind putting them underground makes them more susceptible to flooding knock. Says it's never just one thing that's going to keep the lights. On energy experts. We interviewed agree on a few basic ideas though. They say the grid should be more decentralized so the whole thing doesn't shut down at once. More generation out in communities such as solar power would accomplish that but new orleans utility energy has resisted calls for just that to the frustration of local activists at mit engineering professors. Or up. a mean says not all the fixes are technical. He says power companies also need to become more agile and do more when responding to storms the fact that some utilities are not able to sort of respond immediately is also another kind of failure which is perhaps as drastic as the infrastructure. Failures is assuming outages will happen. Amin says utilities should focus more on dispatching generators even before a storm to make sure important facilities and vulnerable populations get electricity restored as soon as possible. All this cost money that usually ends up in utility bills. Congress is working on major funding through infrastructure bills. That could address some of these issues. There also focused on president. Biden's climate goals including zeroing out greenhouse gas emissions from the power sector by twenty thirty five.
Environment: NPR
Power Grids Feel the Pressure of Intense Storms
"Hurricane ida crumpled a major transmission tower. That survived katrina sixteen years ago building infrastructure. That strong enough is hard when the target keeps moving because storms are getting stronger energy consultant alison silverstein says utilities and their regulators can take planning cues from murphy's law. We need to assume that everything possible that could go wrong is going to go wrong. Simultaneously and murphy is always gonna win. President biden's climate plan includes a much bigger role for electricity electric cars. For example cutting carbon footprint says easier with electricity from emission free sources like wind solar and nuclear. But even those have to stand up to extreme weather putting wires underground may seem obvious but engineering professor destiny. Knock at carnegie mellon university says that won't always work in hurricane country where you might have under grounded. The lines to protect them from wind putting them underground makes them more susceptible to flooding knock. Says it's never just one thing that's going to keep the lights. On energy experts. We interviewed agree on a few basic ideas though. They say the grid should be more decentralized so the whole thing doesn't shut down at once. More generation out in communities such as solar power would accomplish that but new orleans utility energy has resisted calls for just that to the frustration of local activists at mit engineering professors. Or up. a mean says not all the fixes are technical. He says power companies also need to become more agile and do more when responding to storms the fact that some utilities are not able to sort of respond immediately is also another kind of failure which is perhaps as drastic as the infrastructure. Failures is assuming outages will happen. Amin says utilities should focus more on dispatching generators even before a storm to make sure important facilities and vulnerable populations get electricity restored as soon as possible. All this cost money that usually ends up in utility bills. Congress is working on major funding through infrastructure bills. That could address some of these issues. There also focused on president. Biden's climate goals including zeroing out greenhouse gas emissions from the power sector by twenty thirty five.
Adventures with Grammy
"carnegie mellon university" Discussed on Adventures with Grammy
"Marketing for several large corporations including ford motor company blue cross blue shield of illinois united airlines and adobe she holds a masters degree in business administration from the tepper school of business at carnegie mellon university. Welcome marketa. i'm eager to hear your story about leaving the corporate world and embarking on writing and publishing children's books. When i had my daughter we started to have story time on a regular basis. And i just found myself falling in love with the simplicity of the stories that we already some of my favorites were brown bear hungry caterpillar in classics as well as little books that i would kind of pick up. That was when. I really discover writing for children. I've never been a writer like it's all. I am an avid reader. But i've never been much of a writer. That was kind of the introduction and what i really liked most about children's but especially like for that bear young age was just how you could have so few words one hundred words five hundred words for a more advanced picture book and just tell this creative fund story mainly through pictures but then you have these words kind of augmented. One of my favorites is good night moon. I think the poetry of that book is amazing. it's like classic. And i don't know if that was even the intent when the book was written. But it's just such a beautiful meter so that was kind of my introduction to writing. I would say. I'm still not great at it. I'm still learning. And i go through an infinite number of revisions every time i write a book to get it to the point where it's a story that flows and it's called jesus and then the editing process makes it even better but that's kind of how i started on the path. Tell me what the reaction has been for your books. Do you find that the audience only are people. Love black and brown skin. Or do you find different. Ethnicities are embracing your work..
The Academic Minute
"carnegie mellon university" Discussed on The Academic Minute
"My research group investigates how energy poverty will be affected by energy transitions an creates methods for identifying who is experiencing energy poverty when people hear the word poverty they usually think of people who have trouble affording their basic needs and the energy space most people assume in individuals energy port if they spend more than six percent of their income meeting their energy needs. The problem is that this assumes everyone is spending all the money. They need to keep their house at a comfortable temperature cook and use all of the other electricity appliances. We have become dependent on this misses. The people who use space heaters and their ovens to heat their homes due to high natural gas and oil prices and what about the people who keep their houses really hot in the summer because they cannot afford electricity in my research group we have created an energy poverty metric called the energy equity gap which identifies the households that are cutting their electricity consumption to reduce their financial burden. The energy equity gap is based on the difference in outdoor temperatures which members of different income groups are likely to start using their a c. We find that. The energy equity gap between low in high income groups ranges from four point seven degrees fahrenheit to seven point five degrees fahrenheit meaning on average low income households. Wait seven degrees longer to turn. On their ac units. Some households will even wait until it is above eighty degrees. This puts them at risk of heat. Stroke and heat. Exhaustion foregoing air-conditioning also increases the humidity in the house meaning the occupants will be at greater risk from mold asthma and allergens. We hope this new dimension of energy poverty will be used in addition to traditional income based energy poverty metrics to reduce the number of people suffering from energy poverty.
The Academic Minute
Destenie Nock of Carnegie Mellon University on Fixing Energy Poverty
"My research group investigates how energy poverty will be affected by energy transitions an creates methods for identifying who is experiencing energy poverty when people hear the word poverty they usually think of people who have trouble affording their basic needs and the energy space most people assume in individuals energy port if they spend more than six percent of their income meeting their energy needs. The problem is that this assumes everyone is spending all the money. They need to keep their house at a comfortable temperature cook and use all of the other electricity appliances. We have become dependent on this misses. The people who use space heaters and their ovens to heat their homes due to high natural gas and oil prices and what about the people who keep their houses really hot in the summer because they cannot afford electricity in my research group we have created an energy poverty metric called the energy equity gap which identifies the households that are cutting their electricity consumption to reduce their financial burden. The energy equity gap is based on the difference in outdoor temperatures which members of different income groups are likely to start using their a c. We find that. The energy equity gap between low in high income groups ranges from four point seven degrees fahrenheit to seven point five degrees fahrenheit meaning on average low income households. Wait seven degrees longer to turn. On their ac units. Some households will even wait until it is above eighty degrees. This puts them at risk of heat. Stroke and heat. Exhaustion foregoing air-conditioning also increases the humidity in the house meaning the occupants will be at greater risk from mold asthma and allergens. We hope this new dimension of energy poverty will be used in addition to traditional income based energy poverty metrics to reduce the number of people suffering from energy poverty.
The Academic Minute
"carnegie mellon university" Discussed on The Academic Minute
"Oh carnegie mellon university week. Getting ahead of a virus is critical. I'm dr lynn. Pascarella president of the association of american colleges and universities and today on the academic minute amir barati firmani assistant professor of mechanical engineering. Finds a way to do so. Why is zora. Sneaky lethal pathogens. That can rick. How work on the human body before the immune system knows how to destroy them. Machine learning is a tool to outer smart witesses by speeding up the process of developing antibodies. My lap develops gore was for machine. Learning that can unfair learn and predict mechanical systems. based on data. ba can use these algorithms. To learn the complex antigen antibody attractions of wireless faster than the human immune system can with ebola and source of two which causes co with nineteen these potentially saving thousands of lives. Scientists currently used expensive and time consuming computational and physics based models to screen antibody sequences. These methods required information. You might not have yet about new virus. This is where machine learning can do the heavy lifting when kobe nineteen eighty mares. Our research team combined available biological data on other infectious viruses into a data set. We use these to train. Machine learning models selecting the best performing model to thousands of antibodies. Their model identified eight stable. Antibodies highly efficient in neutralizing source cove to these machine. Learning model can help. Scientists zero in quickly on the base. Antibodies to further investigate. It can also be used when mutation emerge. We are now working to make predictions about the interplay of kobe. Nineteen and fact has like the number of cases in each state based on how many people were vaccinated and that was a mere barati ceremony of carnegie mellon university. You can find this other segments and more information about the professors at academic minute dot. Org production support for the academic. Minute comes from a a c and you advancing liberal learning at research for the public good..
The Academic Minute
"carnegie mellon university" Discussed on The Academic Minute
"Oh carnegie mellon university weak infrastructure can keep people locked in the past. I'm dr lynn. Pascarella president of the association of american colleges and universities and today on the academic minute daniel armani ios assistant professor in the department of engineering and public policy explores how to understand the complex social legacy of our infrastructure. We must recognize that embedded within its physical embodiments are a wide array of people and organizations both past and present. Our research conceptualize is bridges as institutional relics institutional in that engineers designed bridges according to standards of the time relics in that. These standards are explicitly built into the bridges physical attributes which persist even when these standards changes societies evolve. These bridges do not just carry outdated standards but also social buys. He's from the time as physical infrastructure is difficult to move. New infrastructures often built along. These outdated footprints further locking in these biopsies using data up to twenty ten we find communities with greater percentages of african. Americans and hispanics are still associated with fewer bridges and associated with more restrictive bridges clearance constrict the free flow of buses or trucks. When they even get one in another study we find that even one new bridge in a city increases high growth startup rates by sixteen percents outdated infrastructure therefore continues to systematically shut out black and brown communities from accessing economic opportunities are infrastructure does not just transport people goods and services. They transport new ideas and with them. Hope and opportunity. They also perpetuate outdated ideas that give bias in exclusion continued life so the next time you cross a bridge think about all the benefits of access connection and innovation. The you take for granted from this silent engineering marvel however also think about the community intersected and displaced to make that possible. Their connection to infrastructures often unwanted one. That's still shunts. Their prospects that duality typifies the complicated social legacy of our infrastructure systems that permeates persist through its brick mortar steel and that was daniel armani dose of carnegie mellon university. You can find this other segments and more information about the professors at academic minute dot. Org production support for the academic. Minute comes from a ac and you advancing liberal learning and research for the public good..
The Academic Minute
"carnegie mellon university" Discussed on The Academic Minute
"Oh on carnegie mellon university week. What if you could control something by just thinking. I'm dr lynn. Pascarella president of the association of american colleges and universities and today on the academic minute bin he professor of biomedical engineering explains mind. Control is no longer science fiction. They bring computer interface facial. Bci is a device that allows individuals control emerging or computer just by thinking about knowing invasive eeg base to use a bring way. What eeg to recording dakota bring intention. That is safe and convenient compared to more risky in they. She'll message that. Use a brain implant generally take longer to learn and users ultimately very im- performance. We have luke into mind controlled by examining bring side story and the hypothesize that meditation or yoga is able to enhance and improve a individuals ability to control a bci will recently completed a large scale human study involving a week course in simple widely practiced meditation techniques to test the effect as a potential training tool for bci control however results showed that humans with just a weeks of lessons in mindful. Meditation training demonstrate significant advantage compared to those with no prior. meditation training. The meditation group performed a much better than the control group and learn the mind control skills much faster than the control group. Meditation has been widely practice for well being an improving house. I will work demonstrate that it can also enhance a person's mental powerful mental control and ultimately.
Code Story
"carnegie mellon university" Discussed on Code Story
"About ai. In the world today right when the layman. Here's the acronym. Ai they think intelligent robots that are going to lead us through our day to day. Lives when i put myself in that place. I think of i robot with will smith right robots are gonna come help us do all of our stuff but how does real-life. Ai differ from the movies. You know spoke the same completely different at the same time. There's a big difference between the machine learning products that are out there on the field today. I'm which are using neural networks. Deep learning all sorts of other technologies as well and what the movies portray which is something that academics have turned. Artificial general is intelligence which is sort of a more aspirational goal. Where the sheen's or computers can really be more like humans and reason and and hypothesize and that's pretty far from where we are today in practical terms for most of the michigan based on that are out there in the market you know. There's an really big technical gap there. However that said the technology we do have eased incredibly powerful and doing stuff today that we absolutely could not do five ten years ago. That feels like it is incredibly smart. And it is that it's making synthesizing vast amounts of information fast and making decisions quickly and scalable in ways that we couldn't do before but there's a really big difference between narrow which is what most of his today and generalize augmented intelligence artificial intelligence this super interesting supreme funding public. I think all those ai. This boys are stories. It looks very fast. And you mentioned the italian mobile another big way through the world you can see is like you already. So does eliza mation. agi essential january intelligence. I think he's the whole far away from but is invest direction will get there by now. The is really the region has been taught all learn how to carry out care especially the talks to the real world. the i learned from the Can do the spicy. Royal sometimes. Much better than humid There's a lot for real worries. I'm follows when you set your sights. Recommend the you part of you won't you talk to. Your is fully recognized the awards and the kind of questions and even self driving cards right. You can see even is the real world at the is the only asian who can do one tasks but he's already very powerful verb powerful but only espec- sauce instead of will behave like a human and there. There's a quote actually that we open chapter one within our bulk from andrew more. Who's the former dean of computer science at carnegie mellon university and defines artificial intelligence as the science and engineering of making computers. Behave in ways that until recently we thought required human intelligence and i really love that definition. I think it's one that speaks to both the reality. And the aspirants of of the field. You mentioned or wilson mentioned learning data right into optimize a businesses return on the. They've gotta have the right data. What does that mean. You can't just throw any data set at at a machine learning algorithm or intelligence. A what is the right data as a super important subjects fought any well. Who's worked on. The i allow people have misunderstanding. Working on a is spending on the effort to tune the model to really optimize all the different parameters in the model right by unity all the aurora by the spending majority of their effort on how to get right. So this super important topic on the superintendent for people to spend efforts there but what is right. Data there's a few common factors to consider way decided if you have the arrived there. The first one i read did have quantity. We all know. Garbagey come out of my. How high quality of the self driving car is example the needs to detect by this car carson many other objects from the images so the you made to train them on to be from this real work and the angle. This image would be the same as the camera on the south korean carbon if the bony boxes and in the image also need to be really precise cannot be too big or too small. All those vail cost-savings apartment for the car. So that's the quantity part second affecting The representativeness the right they need to represent two different cases from the real word back to the self driving cars. And paul you need images from different places in this ticket with different. Weather's on the images from extreme situation that traffic incident. Then we all. I'm walker and all those different challenges it on the third factor. There's sort of the the accessibility onto this affects. Her up by people are more or less needs to be refreshed regularly otherwise homeless will degrade to refers this model unique took the nutrient data to retrain. So if you don't have access to the i in the future you will be in big trouble last but not least re the data is this is hard one serie important introduce lies. We have a shared a few examples. Book try lesion south vera. Come back by dr mail while nurses to a job. Interview don't compromise females nine. Those models have many intention to introduce wise but the article. That is the most of the times from other buyers can be caused by vice in this trinity so make sure enough effort to tackle. The trinity tobias also reported so any time represented in these accessibility buys so those are the major factors. Consider cedar one. You decide if you have the right data. One of the stories that i share in the book sort of my introduction. My first major mistake. In a i when i took over a team For computer vision we. We were working really hard trying to improve model improve. The accuracy of is a generalized sort of computer vision tagging system at ibm and right before we got a launch on. Someone on the team came to me. We can't watch this and i was like. Oh my graphic. What are you talking about all this energy and money. In time people couldn't image into the model and what i got out Was the word on the image that he had put in as a test on someone who was sitting in a wheelchair and the tag was loser right at. I was horrified and we were all like. Oh my god. We can't possibly do this. It's unintended bias. That we did not know about and the problem stemmed from the training data right there was labels and images in our training data. Set that one. We were not aware of a two didn't reflect our values. And i think there's an unbelievable amount of time focus spent on this model training and deployment sort of the end state. And there's not enough time to spend on the importance of the data. The data is what matters. It really is at the end of the day. As as wilson was saying the data that you need for your project is almost always with few exceptions really specific and tailored to the business. Problem that you're trying to solve any need to have the right. Data that is diverse enough and complete enough on hynix quality matching the intended problem in order at mitigate unintended but really harmful in many.
The Security Ledger Podcast
"carnegie mellon university" Discussed on The Security Ledger Podcast
"It just doesn't it exactly what it does depends on the particular database implementation but it's going to essentially right in a log. Please deletes. la five. Seventy five is empty. So if you ask what's until five it's like oh yeah tempe. But it doesn't mean a deleted anything So there's things like that and there's also just failed modes that happen People make copies of data. Sometimes that's for things like debugging or load testing but a lot of that is stuff like will your m. l. pipeline has multiple stages is your mo motto actually non ass- What about your analytics are your analytics anonymous. What about all the little bread crumbs that they dropped in the middle of that analytics pipeline. How does all evacuate cleaned up. And it turns out the deleting things reliably from a large-scale system is fairly difficult. It's to the point. Where pepper Pep are it is the only privacy engineering. Practitioners conference Laurie craner who's a professor at carnegie mellon university and i started up a few years ago. Literally the only privacy engineering practitioners conference. This is.
Data Skeptic
Fairness Aware Outlier Detection
"I might mention prime. And i'm a student in much lending in public policy at carnegie mellon university. I might've said basically focuses on baton minding on this action and this isn't support systems. I think a lot of people have a vague conception of what anomaly detection is. You're welcome to give a formal definition or an informal one but to you. What is anomaly detection. A nominee addiction is typically. I'll give you a former left. Nation or infamous sense of what an effective is an omni is defined as anything which dates from the normal. So as against the definition of normal is again dependent on the application or the domain better. You are applying tim. Bontemps insolence example. If you're meeting at a classroom right. So it's you're looking under classroom. And if you're dusted regarding ages of the people present in the classroom on the students typically would have age range between say eighteen and twenty one and maybe professor has in asia injured in party fight. Bless or something. I'm just making this up right. So in that sense. The normal is defined because we are under guarding h defined by maybe the ages Drain so in that sense. The deter would be an anomaly in that sense because teachers age his on her age is like different from the nominal. It's in that sense. That would be anomaly in this case. Essentially a number is a field with strives to unusual activity or unusual observations in a given domain. And that's not a nominalization with and since it's about finding unusual things you typically find applications of anomaly detection intrusion detection save. Fraud detection are even in medical domains. Light say epileptic seizure detection on salon.
Newsradio 700 WLW
"carnegie mellon university" Discussed on Newsradio 700 WLW
"With us this morning. Morning, Jeff. Good morning. Steve looks like outside experts evaluating this. F 35 fighter jets software. What's going on? Well, the Pentagon is the turning to these outside experts just hoping they can resolve ongoing software issues with the F. 35. The Lockheed Martin fighter jet is the military's most expensive weapons systems and buggy software has been a constant problem. Now, experts from Johns Hopkins University, Carnegie Mellon University and George Attack, You're going to do an independent technical assessment of the jet. All right. Space X in the news they're planning and guess an all civilian mission for later this year. Yeah, expected to happen sometime in the fourth quarter. The mission will be led by technology entrepreneur Jared Isaac man. He will be joined by three other people who have not been named Isaac Man is hoping he can use this flight to inspire support for the ST Jude. Children's hospital and still covered year We'll find out that goes off ups coming off a strong quarter. Young as you might expect. The e commerce boom and also around of price increases gave the United Parcel Service a boost to the end of last year, UPS fourth quarter revenue and adjusted profit, both top of Wall Street estimates. UPS did not issue guidance for 2021, citing continued uncertainty, But analysts say the company is well positioned because consumers are still avoiding stores in favor of e commerce. There are a lot of people packing heat, aren't they? Yeah, a lot of people. Apparently he want to anyway, and FBI division reports, the number of criminal background checks last month was up 60% from January of last year. The data from the National Instant Criminal background check system is a proxy for firearms demand. It's used by gun manufacturers and sellers, including Sturm, Ruger Smith and Wesson and Vista Outdoor. All right. What's the crystal ball say they're for the futures. Well, so far, it looks like a positive start. Ahead S and P futures up 30 points. NASDAQ Futures are up 104 and the Dow futures are up 232 points. Bloomberg and Jeff Bellenger, a news radio 700 wlw traffic futures.
KQED Radio
"carnegie mellon university" Discussed on KQED Radio
"Wanted to understand how they could be so cavalier. So I turned to an expert Baruch Fischhoff is a psychologist at Carnegie Mellon University. He studies how people assess risk and, he says, Usually people are pretty good at noticing patterns, understanding what's dangerous and then acting responsibly. So people record the frequency of things that they've seen or heard about automatically. But they're not good at adjusting for things that they don't see. Like Covad particles, and Fischhoff says that when we can't see that risk, we need someone to calculate the risk for us to make it really clear with the boundaries are Fish have says That message hasn't been clear. Is it safe for me to meet my friends? If they just got tested for covert and their negative? What if they had the virus and aren't contagious anymore? Could they get it again? How does the new variant plan to that? How do I know which vaccine will be the most effective for me? Thea answers to these questions are for the most part out there if you know where to look. But if you don't or if you're not motivated than navigating risk can be really tricky. It's easy to criticize people from making bad decisions. And there certainly are people who are confused. They're people who are irresponsible and don't care about other other people. But there are people who are making really poor choices out of ignorance rather than out of stupidity, or or or malice. Yeah, maybe my roommate is just working off of bad information. She probably didn't realize the risk of having a small party and probably thought she was being really safe about it. But here's the kicker. She's planning a birthday party for herself. This coming.
My Seven Chakras
A Detailed Discussion With Kim Chestne ON How To Use Your Intuition y
"It's time to bring on our special guest today. Kim jesse so. Kim is the author of radical infusion of globally recognized in innovation leader and founder of intuition lab. Her work has been featured are supported by leading edge organizations such as out by southwest carnegie mellon university comcast and hewlett packard while working as a leader in the tech sector. Kim recognize that tremendous role that intuition plays in business and cultural progress and set out on a quest to learn everything there is to know about it and as of nearly two decades worth of research and practice she has developed a powerful system that anyone can tap into to access the inner wisdom in ordinary with so really really exciting and kim. Thanks for joining us. Thanks for having me excited to talk to you tonight. Yeah me too. It's supposed to be in our species night especially in india because it is valley the festival of lights and there's actually a transformation going on in india as well. This started many decades back because as you know india and the valleys associated with firecrackers people becoming more and more conscious as they let go off that external firecrackers and realized the light that is within them the lamp within the essence within. I think that's got me to do our own in to it absolutely. Is that inner light that intellect growing so strong. It's such a beautiful metaphor and it's a beautiful day for us to be having this conversation because it really all does tie together absolutely so. Let's start from the beginning. Where were you born and warm. Was your childhood lane. Well i was born in a little town called carlisle pennsylvania small town girl and You know i think i had. I had sort of your colonial white picket fence upbringing in one thousand nine hundred eighty s america which was really fun and if you remember the eighties and so it was really fun. Time to grow up. And i think that's it's those times it really started to develop my interest in intuition and i had a lot of intuitive experiences growing up so It all kind of stemmed from those childhood years amazing and work sort of influence. Did your family have on your intuitive or spiritual development. Yeah you know. That's a really good question because a lot of people we have this talk about intuition and when it happens to you intuition can be something that people can either accept or not accept right so when you're talking about kids and it's so important with kids because kids have such great in and they haven't really had it beaten out of the yet. It's one of these things still alive and still so connected with intuitive. Things starts to happen with children. Appearance can either encourage that or they can create fear. Be like oh my gosh. This is something to be afraid of or this is crazy. You know so it's You know working with intuition in my childhood it was challenging for me. Because i think coming from a really sort of traditional christian background. There's not a lot of room for intuition. Especially it was more of the protestant. I think in the catholic traditions. There's more of a place for the holy spirit in a lot of mistakes but in my experiences growing up in my little world there was not a place for intuition and so it was something i really had to come to terms with on my own and really facing a lot of fears and a lot of sort of judgment from the people around me and now they get it like my mom's very intuitive she inherited from her. I think it is something that we have a genetic propensity to. But i think there's just not that level of acceptance which in the east which i think is so wonderful about you know eastern cultures. Intuition is so much more integrated in daily life and acceptance right. Yeah that's that's very true. And i think like we were discussing before the india was india also is going to its own journey of realizing how abundant and whilst our own heritage is and going back to our roots realizing that wisdom about intuition and the mind and the soul and yes we're going through our journey as a country has But you know what what comes to. My mind is As i learned more about how children behave like a child always looking at his mom or her mom or her danna his dad for approval right. They're always looking at the so. It's not so much of words but it's also about how the bench reacts to. A certain situation are something that is happening on the word. Maybe that micro reaction that can make a huge difference right in terms of how the child approaches word even as an adult absolutely absolutely in those little foundational moments. They and this is talk a lot about conditioning. If you read my booker you hear me talk today. I'm probably going to use that word. A lot Because intuition is something that is really a counterbalance to this conditioning. That we all get and we get it from those very first moments with our family and with the people that we grow with you know. We're conditioned to think things. Like oh intuitions not real. Or we're conditioned thank like our imagination in our creativity isn't as important as our intellectual side so so part of really balancing these sides of our brains and really coming into our true being is stepping away from that conditioning in releasing it
Data Skeptic
Sybil Attacks on Federated Learning
"Hi. My name is clement. phone. I'm a phd student at carnegie mellon university. Welcome to the show thanks. I'm here so tell me a little bit about your specific areas of study. Yeah so at carnegie mellon. I'm a phd student in the school of computer science. And more specifically. I do research in. Let's say the broad category of computer security and if you wanna drill down even further i mostly work in security when applied to machine learning systems and the security of machine learning systems. I would guess the audience has at least some familiarity with security is being like denial of service attacks and very like rule based kind of system looking at traffic. Maybe not as much machine learning. How does security play into machine learning operations. Yeah absolutely there are many different levels. I think that you can approach the problem. There's the initial idea of just taking traditional security problems. Such as denial service intrusion detection and applying machine learning to those domains just gathering insights from data and learning about them. and then there's the more meta area of making the actual process of machine. Learning more secure has so there's been a wide array of work in the community that has shown how at test time you can perform different tastes of attacks during training time you can perform a tax on the model and pretty much anything in between. I'm sure you're familiar with this phrase that if you're not paying for the product you are the product and i guess. There's some wisdom in that i don't know if it's universally true but people are certainly becoming more aware of that and maybe the off the cuff reaction is. I don't want people having my data because its privacy. But in some sense i would like people to have some of my data. I don't mind having good recommendations on amazon for example. Because i can just ignore them. Where do you yourself. Draw the lines about data sharing yet. So i agree with you that this is a pretty personal choice when it comes to just the type of experience you wanna have with the products. I think i would be similar to you in that respect where nothing comes for free. As you've said you've got to give some data to system to use it and to use it effectively. I think it's a really big area of research in general about ways in which maybe you could provide assistance but do things in a more privacy preserving way so that's a very big area research these days i guess i am a user of most day things. So that's where i would slide. Hundred spectrum makes sense. yeah. I think that's most of us. Perhaps we'll the specific paper. I invade you on to discuss. Today is titled delimitations of federated learning in civil settings so some definitions questions to kick us off. What is federated learning. This is great because it kind of plays into the idea of privacy. A little more federated learning is this new idea in distributing machine. Learning came out in around twenty seventeen developed by google. And it's the idea that you can train machine. Learning models across distributed data sets over the network without actually transferring data into google domain. So previously you'd have the idea that i'm using a service and some server. Let's say that's owned by. Google would be collecting all the information in storing it somewhere on a database and then writing machine learning on that collected data federated. Learning is a different idea. Where instead of storing data on a database owned by google. They actually just do the model training kind of live as it's occurring and there's no transfer of data is just machine learning occurs over the network and that might sound like it's kind of the same thing but when it comes to the problem of data ownership and privacy there's a bit of nuance there in terms of both the privacy and security implications federated learning which is one of the big topics of our paper and when the models being trained. Where does that training actually take place in the situation of federated learning. I guess you could think of the machine. Learning process is kind of just an iterative summation of values. So the training still takes place at work in the sense that you're taking updates to a model like you're learning it by adding values but the values are passed over the network directly so it's still lives in the service domain. Just the data used to supply those updates does not it still stays on the client devices. Gotcha so maybe we take a simple case of something like the logistic regression which can be nicely summarized as just it's beta values just the parameters that were calculated machine learning. Would it be corrected to saying like my phone or my local or whatever looks at my private data calculates that model and instead of sending my data just sends those parameters off to google. Yeah that's exactly right. That's like a really good way. Just gotcha okay. So we're seeing that then. Don't i still have some sort of privacy risks though because someone could kind of invert that and say well. If you're sending us these parameters what's the data that would have arrived at this answer exactly. So there's a whole field of research on privacy attacks on federated learning. We discussed this a little bit in our paper. But it's not really. The focus of our paper ends the idea behind. All these attacks is very much what you just said which is maybe. I can't observe the data used to train the model directly and that provides some sort of privacy but if i can observe the model updates or the beta values as you're saying and observed multiple instances of them i get a pretty good idea of what your data looks like there's some you know mathematical theoretical bounds on how much you can do but in practice. That might already be too much for certain context.
Daily Tech News Show
Algorithm spots 'Covid cough' inaudible to humans
"Mit scientists have published a paper. In the i tripoli journal of engineering and medicine and biology describing an algorithm they developed the can identify whether you have covid nineteen by the sound of your cough. That's true if you're asymmetric. In other words if i mean a coffee is a symptom. But you don't have the classic symptoms of covid nineteen because a cough could be a symptom of anything. Covid changes the sound you produce. Even when you're a symptomatic intesting. The algorithm was ninety eight point five percent accuracy on patients with a positive covid nineteen tests. So they were able to use coughing to detect ninety eight point five percent of people who were definitely positive with covid nineteen and a one hundred percent accurate for those with no other symptoms. The algorithm was trained on a data set of seventy thousand audio samples with multiple coughs. Twenty five hundred of which were from confirmed covid nineteen cases. So that's how the algorithm was able to go. Okay that's somebody who doesn't have it that somebody who does and figure out the patterns that it would listen for the site just hope to get regulatory approval to use it as a way to take quick noninvasive daily screenings and for pool testing to quickly detect outbreaks in groups pulled. Meaning like a group of people a test. A bunch of people once cambridge university carnegie mellon university. Uk health startup called novo. Eric are all working on similar projects. So it's not just mit. But they're the most recent to publish a paper on it.
Outcomes Rocket
How to Become a Change Agent in Your Health System with Tony Manuel
"Welcome back to the outcomes, rockets, Sal Marquez is here today I have the privilege of hosting Dr Tony Manual Dr Tony. Manual is a practicing anesthesiologist and Austin Texas. He's a partner with the United States anesthesia partners central Texas and has been in practice since two thousand two. He's an assistant professor. In the Department of surgery and Peri, operative care at Bell Medical School Dr Manual received his undergraduate degree from Vanderbilt attended the University of Texas Health Science Center for medical. School, completed his residency in anesthesia at the University of North Carolina or Or. He was recognized as the outstanding resident and fellow cardiovascular anesthesia at Duke, university in two thousand seventeen. He received his masters in medical management degree from Carnegie Mellon University and today he's playing. Multiple Roles as as he has in in his career and today we're going to be talking about physician innovation, and in particular how physicians can evolve their career to be greater contributors beyond the point of care and so. I WanNa thank you Tony for joining me today to have this very interesting discussion with you saw thanks so much great. Great to be owner podcasts, and I WANNA. Thank you for actually doing this podcast. Because for a lot of people like myself, it's been a great conduit to learn about what other people are doing, and what best practices that are out there, and it's an alternative to sort of the Journal Review articles that we have historically read and I've actually looked up several companies that you've had on and engaged with them. Really appreciate what you're doing I. Love that man now. That's great. I'm glad to hear that you've done that. That's the intention. Intention and so I appreciate you for doing that, so you know we are having a discussion. Folks Tony and I connected and said you know what the role of the physician is changing, and and so what I wanNA. Do today is just highlight how that's changing through the life of Dr Manual here and so you know I love for you Tony at to just kind of walk us through some of the work that you're doing and how it's changed from just practicing to actually doing more You know as we engage this. You know three five trillion dollar industry that call healthcare. Yeah, it's it's been an interesting journey for me and you know have to credit one of my anesthesia attending when I was in residency, his name's Dave mayor said Gimme, grapevine goes Tony You have to continually strives to maximize your career and Let's see well. What does that mean well? You definitely want to start trying to be the best clinician you can be once. You achieve that you should really look at you. Know becoming really strong in other areas, and I always took that to heart in so I think back to when I first started here in Austin I became the division chief of cardiovascular. Cardiovascular Anesthesia Rochester, saying I helped create division of cardiovascular. Because at that time we were Basically, everybody was doing it, and I fell coming out of myself. This'll be really better if we limited number of people at work in that space and you know put together some protocols and got the team together, and we saw some really good outcomes from that work and I fast forward to what I'm doing today, and that work has changed so much partly because I think every clinician you have to get educated, and I use a rudimentary tools back then, but in after getting that masters degree from Carnegie Mellon I really developed at toolkit that allows me to take on. On much more complex problems that we face and healthcare today. Yeah, that's so interesting, and so you have that entrepreneurial bug from the beginning right so you kind of re retooled the way that you guys approached cardiovascular anesthesia and I'm sure with with much improvements and outcomes, but then you've taken other steps to. You've been involved in startups, and now you're doing different roles. Can you talk to us a little bit more about that? Yeah I worked my way of the medical staff leadership and ultimately became the president of medical staffing while that was a great experience after I graduated with my master's degree. The entrepreneur apart really was intriguing to me. In more important is the. The interface between the clinicians in technology and so The startup is called Dynamic Lights based here in Austin, and it's actually technology out of the University of Texas and They had great idea concept. Basically, it's how to noninvasive map blood flow during Sri will hand you an aneurysm surgery and uses what's called speckled laser technology and I was like honestly Craig. It's continuous. It's noninvasive, but they never really thought about the interaction. How you get it. It's dockers hands. How do you test it? And that was sort of my strength and so I, said well. Let's work together and figure this out and to date. You know we've incorporated. We're FDA approved, and we're. Ducking clinical trial and we're looking to partner with a couple of larger health tech firms,
How I Built This
reCAPTCHA and Duolingo: Luis von Ahn
"Think about the small moments or decisions in your life that actually had a huge impact on how your life turned out. Maybe it was a conversation. You struck up with the person next to you on an airplane. Maybe it was a party. You reluctantly went to only to meet the person you'd eventually marry or maybe it was a decision to stay on vacation an extra day that sparked a new idea for Kevin System. It was a random remark from his girlfriend that made him decide to use filters on instagram for Blake. Majkowski was a chance meeting with a group of young Argentinian who took him to the countryside where he saw kids with no shoes. That one day inspired him to create. Tom's and for Louis Fun on it was a free lecture at Carnegie Mellon University in two thousand. We'll get deeper into the story in a few minutes but that single lecture would lead him to invent to ingenious new tools the I was capture. Yes captures those annoying twisted and blurred letters. You have to type into a website to prove your human and the second one was duo lingo now. The biggest language learning APP in the world which is now getting even more popular because people are looking for new things to do now that they're stuck at home but was captured and duo. Lingo were designed to harness the power of crowdsourcing to solve problems. And I'M GONNA blow your mind here if you have ever typed in a capture or reused dueling go. There's a good chance you've taken part in a massive online collaboration that you probably weren't even aware of and it's amazing. How Louis came up with all this but let's start at the beginning. Lewis was born in Guatemala in late. Nineteen Seventy S. Both as parents were doctors and though he was surrounded by poverty violence in Guatemala City. Louis screw up in comparative privilege and as a kid. He spent a lot of time hanging out at the family business. My Mother's family actually had a candy. Factory everybody is always a Mesa. The fact that I grew up with a candy factory they think it was like Willy. Wonka or something. I was not all that much into the candidate. Self I was into the machines because basically the candies made by these gigantic machines. That bump out I don't know how many thousands of pieces of candy per hour and basically all my weekends. I spent playing at the Candy Factory and I would They the machines apart and put them back together they would be some extra pieces after. I put him back together on that. That would be a problem but what? What kind of student were you were? You were school pretty easy for you. Yeah I was pretty nerdy basically. That was really good at math. Math was just easy to me. I what I would do during the summers is basically get either next year or you know. Couple YEARS LATER. Math books on all the sizes. Wow it kind of came easy but the way I really got good ideas by doing hundreds and hundreds exercises. That's what you do in. The summertime was bored. I mean I was an only child I is. I didn't have that much to do. This is remember this is also pre Internet pre everything. So what was I going to do? Man That's what I did was putting playing cards in the spokes of my bicycle and by jolly ranchers seven. Eleven should math books. So you were. Did you just love math? I mean it sounds like kids. Don't think about their future. They're not like I'm going to study math so I can be in tech one day like unless I've really enjoyed it. I I enjoyed it was it was like a puzzle for me by the way this is not the only thing I did. I mean I I also played a lot of video games Pirated Video Games in my commodore sixty four like floppy disks. Floppy Disk loppy discs. That's right I wanted a Nintendo. When I was eight my mother would not get many intendo. She instead got me computer. Commodore Sixty Four. And I couldn't figure out how to use it but eventually I read like the manual stuff and I figured out how to use it more than I figured out. I could buy other people's video games. And so I became a little hub in my in my little neighbourhood but these were not other kids adults or kind of basically young adults who had a computer and they would come to my house and I would take their games and give them my games exchange so then. I collected a pretty large number of video games but sh- mentioned right that I mean because your childhood sounds pretty nice but but like as a kid I guess or even as a teenager there was a civil war in Guatemala right. I mean we know that today. There's a a lot of violence there. Obviously violence in the US and other countries to but Guatemala's has been particularly hard hit. I mean did it feel dangerous when you're a kid yes it did. There was a civil war pretty much since I was born in seventy nine to nineteen ninety-six. There was a civil war going on the whole time. It always felt dangerous when I was fifteen or so. My aunt was kidnapped for ransom. I mean she was gone for seven or eight days. Wow People's cars would be stolen. I don't every couple of months. Somebody's car would be stolen in my family. Going past seven thirty PM was rare games. You needed to go out in a large group. If you're going to go up at seven thirty PM and I did my house had walls and barbed wire yeah. It felt dangerous. I mean this is one of just one of the reasons I came to the US. Actually I mean I was. After my aunt was kidnapped I thought to myself. I don't WanNa live here. Yeah and I guess you did end up leaving Guatemala for college because you went to Duke in North Carolina and you describe yourself as a like a math nerd in school and and is that what you intended to do like to do something in math. That's what I wanted to become an economic math professor. I was pretty certain. I wanted to become a math professor at the time. I thought the best thing that I can do is really learn a lot of math and I really it and I thought it was futile to learn how to deal with other people. It is interesting because my job. These days is one hundred percent just dealing with other people's problems. I'm just trying to understand the so so by becoming math professor. You thought. Hey I wouldn't have to deal with people I would just deal with facts. Data and numbers. Yes yes and you know I. I'll do math research all day long. And every now and then after class of but whatever that's like a tax That's that's what I thought so all right so you are She gets your degree and you this path to go into academia and you go into a PhD program at Carnegie Mellon Correct and I guess you go into computer science right yes. I changed from math computer science because I visited a math Grad school and what people were saying the professor was saying. Oh I'm working on this open problem that nobody's been able to solve for the last three hundred years and I thought I don't think I'm smart enough if you haven't done it and nobody's done it in three hundred years that's Kinda not for me whereas when you visit in computer science I mean this is crazy thing before like. Oh Yeah I still have an open program yesterday. Well it's a much younger field yet so that I thought that was much more exciting for me. At
John Williams
Felicity Huffman's daughter Sophia accepted into prestigious university 1 year after college admissions scandal
"Says and Felicity Huffman's daughter is being accepted into a top university Sofia Macy is heading to Carnegie Mellon university's theatre program after mom's rolled in last year's college admissions scandal her mom pleaded guilty to paying fifteen thousand dollars to alter Sylvia's SAT answers well Sophia took the test again on our own got accepted into the
Daily Tech News Show
Facebook map shows you where people are reporting coronavirus symptoms
"Let's talk a little bit more about another couple of other efforts actually multiple efforts to track. Where infections might go next by having people self report systems symptoms rather facebook partnered with Carnegie Mellon University's Delfi Research Center on a survey asking users to report their symptoms both Carnegie Mellon and Facebook have now published websites with their initial. Findings can see a little heat map Go TO COVA CAST. Cmu DOT EDU. And you'll be able to see these heat maps later this week and eventually provide forecasts based on the data to help. Local health officials anticipate where hospital capacity needs might spike next facebook's own site provides a symptom map of the US at the county level showing what percentage of the population has reported systems county by county facebook's also partnering with the University of Maryland to take that survey global and Carnegie Mellon is building an API so let researchers access the data.
Sean Hannity
Facebook launches map to help identify coronavirus hot spots early
"In the social media giant is opening up about how it's helping fight coronavirus founder and CEO mark Zuckerberg penned an opinion editorial for The Washington Post in which he offered up the vast resources of the social media giant to help fight the covert nineteen pandemic his reasoning is straightforward accurate county by county data is needed from across the U. S. and Facebook has a community of billions of users globally and as we have all learned over the past few years I spoke knows a lot about us Facebook has already rolled out and often a symptom survey run by health researchers at Carnegie Mellon University and Facebook says answers to the survey were sent to the researchers not kept by the social media site so far Carnegie Mellon says they're getting one million responses a week in the United States Zuckerberg says the social media data is a new super power in fighting pandemics and urges people to use the data
Coronavirus: Fact vs Fiction
Dating at a Distance
"Should PEOPLE STILL DATE? Everything is aligned. Date no no no no blind date center definitely not but even before this tender. I'm kidding that was mean on the late show with Stephen Colbert. A month ago before most of the country was staying at home at the time. A conversation about dating during a pandemic may have felt like late night comedy fair. You know Stephen. Everything in life is is a risk reward. Proposition is riskier to do things versus before. Perhaps being in close contact with somebody especially somebody. You don't know Is Is. It's a different time right now. But as their new reality has evolved so as the act of finding love people are using dating apps more both tender and bumble have reported an increase in daily messages and user engagement. Other APPS had a video chat feature and some people are reaching out in ways I would have never imagined a look out my windows. Bill dancing traps to take and needed to say here down. She waved back. That's the start of the story you may have heard before. It's from a video on Tick Tock by Jeremy Cohen a photographer from Brooklyn New York. After Jeremy Waves to the dancing girl he flies his drone over with his cell phone number. She picked up my job and I guess it works. 'cause I our lady's Jeremy's video went viral if we're still allowed to say that it has over thirty million views on talk now. I'm not at all surprised. It's the meet cute of our time if our time is defined by isolation and physical distancing Jeremy and Tori Cigna Rela. She's the girl on the roof have gone on a few dates after that. Here's Jeremy and Tori. The first date was we had dinner. There was another restaurant she is on her roof and I was on my balcony. It was so funny because we'd be talking to other on facetime and then sometimes I like look over like I'd see him there and then we'd look at each other. It was like such a weird scenario lovely on another date. Jeremy win inside a huge plastic bubble so he could take a walk. I just couldn't stop laughing. I like hit the ground. Basically I was not expecting to see him in a bubble. It's a lot more effort to go through than your average date and it's hard to express the usual social and physical cues when you're six feet apart but there things about this new normal that for Jeremy Cohen. Surprisingly work well. It's really nice to get to know her. Just not have any of this pressure at the end of the day like okay. Am I going home or am I gonNA invite her back to my place? This awkward moment of okay. What what is the other person thinking? I don't WANNA be too forward but I also don't want to be a scaredy cat. Jeremy isn't immune to the loneliness of social distancing of not actually being physically around someone even though he's found this new connection I am in my apartment either remained but he's with his family in Minnesota. So I'm alone in this two bedroom apartment for about a month. Now it makes me realize how much the small things in life such as a hub. Like hug skill great. I've actually putting myself a couple of times. It doesn't feel the same because it isn't the same. There's a lot of research that shows. That physical touch is important for health and wellbeing. One behavior that we have focused on in some of our research is interpersonal touch or affectionate touch. We've shown that touch has powerful effects on our physical. Health are mental health. Our relationship health. That's Professor Brooke Fini. She's a social psychologist at Carnegie Mellon University. She studies how relationships impact our health throughout our entire lives. It increases feelings of security so it just makes people feel more secure. It increases people's willingness to embrace life opportunities affectionate touch has been associated with lower daily stress lower reactivity to stress A lower likelihood of even perceiving something as stressful in the first place for Professor Feeney affectionate touch has benefits even above and beyond sexual intimacy. Which is something else were missing in? A time of isolation can engage in sexual intimacy for a variety of reasons that have to do with reproduction and drives and less to do with communicating care and acceptance and love and value. And so on. They're both important forms of touch and Communicate very important information to significant others But we think they are very different types of processes hearing about all the benefits of touch at a time when a lot of people are deprived of. It isn't exactly comforting. So what happens when we do lose it in our everyday lives? Here's Professor Brittany Kubiak. Who Studies affectionate touch in romantic relationships? Children form attachments with their caregivers in a lot of ways through touch and in adulthood we think that some of the same processes happens you form an attachment to your romantic partner just like you form attachment to your parents. Although the relationship is obviously different long-term not having the ability to touch. I think there's the possibility that you may not be able to form as secure attachment to that person but Professor Jacoby Act doesn't want to overstate the benefits of touch. Either it is still possible to have meaningful connections with each other without it. We know that people maintain very satisfying long distance relationships. Even when there's not a pandemic going on people do things reminiscing about times that they did spend together or planning times that they will spend together and so I think we can find ways at least if this is going to be a somewhat short term separation to make sure that we're maintaining high quality relationships even through physical distance for Professor Feeney. There is a positive outcome at least in terms of human connection about the fact that this is all happening to us together our rates of loneliness and social isolation even before they pandemic had been increasing and people have just been feeling more relational disconnected across the board. One positive thing that I think has come out of this. Pandemic is that people first of all are all in this together. You know so. We're now all part of a big group of people who all this happening to them. When people are facing adversity together they usually reach out to each other more and try to connect stance. Oh I do see one positive side effective at this is that there are these more creative ways that people are trying to connect and help each other out and so on like Jeremy and Tori and whether or not they do end up together doesn't even matter to them anymore. We're absolutely going to meet up. Probably something a little bit more low key like drinks but definitely still could never forget it honestly no matter what happens between us like we're going to remain friends like there's nothing like this that doesn't bond to people and said it's just like look if he's not like in my wedding he'll be at my wedding like that's. I certain that's a powerful connection. Now there was a study from Harvard. That came out this week. Saying we might have to prolong intermittent social distancing measures. Up until two thousand twenty. Two professor. Feeney doesn't know what that means for physical and mental health. No one does she and a team of researchers at Carnegie Mellon are just about to begin a study on this if we don't find these other creative ways to connect It remains to be seen. How well We can continue to abuse remote connections as a proxy for the more physical connections but I think the the core issue that underlies it all is. What touched communicates and so I think what we have to do. During the pandemic is just find other ways to communicate to our loved ones that were available to them if they need us even though we can't be physically proximal to them right now and might be more difficult to communicate that remotely but I think we can do it. Human beings are social creatures by nature. We crave connection. We're not meant to be isolated. These days. Some people might not have the security that comes from physical touch. But that's not all our relationship is built on find those other connections and lean on them. I think you'll be surprised by how strongly though resonate in your life.
News and Perspective with Tom Hutyler
Coronavirus Detected By Voice? Carnegie Mellon Researchers Develop App To ‘Listen’ For Signs Of COVID-19
"News researchers at Carnegie Mellon University creating an app they see might be able to tell if you have covert nineteen the app hasn't been approved by the FDA or CDC and is still in its early stages it listens to you cough and then asked you to resign and number of letters and sounds before letting you know how likely it is that you may have the disease as of now researchers say the app is an experimental and
Data Stories
Visualizing Fairness in Machine Learning with Yongsu Ahn and Alex Cabrera
"So let's get started with the with the topic of today so today we talk about a really really relevant topic can needs It's particularly hot right now. We're GONNA talk about bias in fairness in machine learning. And if you know know what this is we're going to describe and explain what this is about in a moment and more specifically what is the role that can play in this specific domain to say mitigate problems that can arise in terms of bias and furnace in machine learning so to talk about this topic. We have not one but two guests. We have Alex Cabrera who is a PhD student from Carnegie Mellon University. I Alex is again. Thanks so much for having and then we have young. Soo on who is also Ph student at the University of Pittsburgh I- youngster. Welcome to the show. Hello Nice to talk to you so Alexander. Who can you briefly introduce yourself? Tell us a little bit about what is your background. What is your main research topic? And just give a brief introduction. Yeah so I'M ALEX. I'm a PhD. Student of the Human Computer interactions to at Carnegie Mellon so generally idea research into creating interactive systems and visualization. Systems that help people both develop better machine learning models so even more accurate more equitable and understanding these models so understanding potential issues. Or How? They work okay. Young Soo my name is sue on in I'm a dirtier peachy students at University of Pittsburgh. A my research interest lies at the intersection of visualization and fair. And explain away. I enter to machine learning so my primary research question is to build assistant to help users with making the machine learning results more fair and explainable in helped him to interact with machine so that their opinions and apex can be incorporated into the system. Okay thanks so much so I was thinking. Maybe we should start with defining a little bit this terminology to the extent that he's possible but maybe they're probably many of our listeners who've never heard of that and of fairness and bias and this is a very overloaded terminology here so I'm wondering if we can start by defining a little bit. What what we mean by fairness and maybe even bias in emission learning and also what? What kind of province exists there yet? So I'll probably I can start by talking about a little bit of background on why the problem This fairness problem has been actively discussed in especially missionaries research. So as a May have seen did. Data driven decision is kind of increasingly used in important decisions so especially Such as a job recording of colleagues dimension were predicted policy. Those kind of important decision which have kind of huge impact on Individuals muster learning as more and more used induced kind of important decisions then Some of cases have been reported that these machine turned out to be biased towards certain groups or certain individuals so here the what I mean by bias is certain. Decisions are kind of burrow favored to certain groups or individuals. Such as man over woman or a white people over african-american people. This is because on the machine. Learning model is trained from Historic Co. Data set and this historical data said could possibly include Inherited bias then. The model is kind trained by those data sets and then have kind of inherited vice. The problem of machine learning here is that whatever trained model can kind of systematically discriminate against certain individuals groups especially in Western Assistant Because many decision makers may use to system in their decision making then kind of making these mistresses. More Fair is kind of important problem so basically the type of fairness you talk about is mostly related to not being discriminatory or not using features. That have nothing to do with the essential decision. You're making more superficial like Maybe the race or gender or other features of a person right. So it's about combating discrimination. Yeah I think that's the main idea. It's actually you get to you a more complicated because even if you don't include some of these protected features so if you say you're trying to give someone alone you don't really want to decide that based off of their gender their race Those are actually. You can be almost perfectly predicted by the other features so you can actually reconstruct that so actually a lot of machine. Learning people suggest you actually add those features in because they're going to be used anyway and then you can apply some resolutions afterwards to try to address the problem. So it's very much embedded in the data that you're using to train the model this historical data that you've collected so it's not just as easy as leaving out that column with Race Agenda and not saying you talk to the research that's happening now. It's a little bit more complicated. Just the complex relationships between the variables ends up that you can actually recreate the biopsies. Even having no idea algorithm not being aware of these protected attributes. Okay but just on the Senate so the evaluation you do and fair. Evaluation is one that only takes the features into account that you're supposed to take into account so usually the way we did try to define fairness or quantify is an output. So if you're trying to give loans or a very popular example is trying to decide algorithms to decide how risk how likely someone is to recommit a crime if they're like. Oh so whether or not you should give someone bail we usually it doesn't we don't really look at what features are used that we look at. What the output is and so if for example the RECIDIVISM prediction case for African American males? You're more likely to be given a higher risk or even though you're just as likely to recommit a crime that is discrimination. That is the bias that we're trying to discover and trying to combat right So we really like black box models. It's really hard to know. What parts of the data are being used to make the decision? But we really care about whether these decisions were making. The outputs are making that really society impactful whether those are equitable and fair. Okay Yeah I'm wondering if we can can you? Maybe describe one or two specific examples. Where these kind of problems can arise. I think what is interesting? Is that right now? I mean we live in a society where where these these systems stems are already making decisions or some of some decisions for us right or providing indications for for experts that have to make decisions based on on what the AI system suggests recommends right. So I think I'm wondering if we in order to make a little bit more concrete if you can cite one one or two examples where where these these. This kind of problem can rice yes. Sadly there are quite quite a few examples. So one of the biggest one of the first investigations elected to it was in facial recognition systems so there are systems by like Had some face plus plus IBM and Microsoft that they audit and it tries to tell given a picture of someone's face whether they're male or female and when they started looking into it they found that when you start seeing how well they perform for say white men versus darker skinned women. There was almost ninety nine percent accuracy for the white males and close to seventy percent accuracy. For the darker skin females which is pretty big disparity. A lot of that is due. Hey if you look up. General data sets of faces a lot of the faces. That come up are white males that data that you're learning on is not
Behind The Tech with Kevin Scott
Chris Urmson: Aurora CEO - Autonomous Driving
"Hello and welcome to our first episode of behind. Find The tech in twenty twenty. I'm Christina Warren. Senior cloud advocate at Microsoft. And I'm Kevin Scott all right so Kevin. It is twenty twenty which Shh is both the new year and I guess a new decade although people will get weird technicalities and it's always a great Chance to kind of look back at what's happened over the last ten years and reflect on new opportunities. Yeah I mean I it. Is I think in their industry and for human beings in general really easy to get completely used to new innovations that in our lives. But like when you think back ten years ago the world looked like a very different place than it looks right now so smartphones were just catching on. They were nowhere near as ubiquitous as they are all right now and the things that you could do on them were far far more constrained than they are right. Now I mean for. For God's sake people were renting movies from blockbuster In two thousand ten right very blockbuster was actually still a thing and instagram hadn't even been invented yet. Coley different world you know I do now that we've hit twenty twenty. Do you have any forecasts about what the next year intact might bring her even the next decade. Well well I think one of the themes that we spent a bunch of time chatting about last year on the podcast was artificial intelligence machine learning and I think we are are certainly going to see the trends that that had started in the prior year's continue to accelerate as one of the reason why I'm really interested in chatting with our guest today So autonomous vehicles. For instance. I believe are going to make AK- ton of progress over the next couple of years in particular and I'm really looking forward to seeing some of that stuff. Play out yes I couldn't agree more. It's funny I don't have a driver's license But I've actually been on a few self driving car panels over the years and I I think the technology she behind it is so fascinating. Which is why? I'm really really excited about your conversation with today's guest. Chris Armstrong and Chris is an engineer. Who's known for his work in pioneering self driving car technology? Yeah and you know one of the reasons that I'm especially interested in self driving cars and I'm looking forward to this conversation that we're about to have Chris is that There's so many ways that the world is going to change for the good once we we are able to put this technology into the hands of lots of different companies so One of the things that will hear about Aurora's. They are a company building the self off driving car technology as a platform for other companies to use to build autonomous applications. And so you know one of the things that I'm sorta hopeful for that will come into the world in the not-too-distant future is some technologies. That may help my grandmother. So I'm I'm lucky enough to have a grandma that's still still alive. She's eighty nine years old and lives in a very rural place in Virginia And she can still drive which is awesome but the day is coming where she's not going to be able to To drive her car car in the same way that she is right now and Like then it begs the question of how she has access to all of the things that she needs in order to help her live and independent life. So how does she get her prescription medicines. Like how does she get her groceries and You know just just sort of the staple things that she needs to exist. And one of the things that I think could be really incredibly beneficial with these self driving thing. Technologies is Like the possibility that you'll be able to have autonomous deliveries for people like my grandmother. I think you're absolutely right. I think the potential for the stuff is really fantastic. So let's hear more about some of the potential for this technology from Chris Aronson Guest today is Chris. Samson Christie's the CO founder and CEO Vera accompanied the bill self driving vehicle technology before founding Aurora he was CTO. Google self driving car program prior to that. Chris was a faculty member of the Robotics Institute at Carnegie Mellon University where he was the technical director of the Darpa urban and grand challenge teams. I'm really excited to hear what he's up to these days. Hey Chris the the show. Thanks for having me so I love to start by learning how you got interested in technology in the first place as a kid. Were you taking engineering classes or programming classes when you were in high school. So are you discover that in college back. When I was in high school there wasn't really computer science at high school And so I Bought Oughta some kind of Tandy x eighty six clone or whatever Back when I was in probably ninth or tenth grade from money for my paper route A- and you know tried to learn to program at first where you go you know you don't if you recall this but you go to the bookstore and you'd buy You know this paperback for Back Book. That was program whatever it was and it was just the source code listing and this before C. D. Roms even pete which people probably don't even remember that that's right we Before that actually bought a commodore sixty four and of course that was exciting. Because it didn't have tape drive right right or it didn't have a floppy drive floppy yeah and five and a quarter inch. Discs that's what had YEP YEP so anyway so we was doing that and then this language C. Plus plus which seemed to be the hot new thing And so started. Actually the first programs I really learned with C. Plus plus. Wow that's rough. Yeah yeah it was a little crazy. A I mean I guess on some some level like CPS was challenging lodging first language. But the good thing is after you've mastered as downhill it's all downhill And so did. Did you know from all of this experience in high school that you wanted to get a computer science and engineering. Gary you know up in Canada so apply to you you know variety of schools got into into a couple of them And then in my senior here I met a girl Turns out now. She's my wife. And decided I wanted to stay at the University of Manitoba which is right in central Canada and Manitoba and got into the computer engineering? School computer. Seem like you know they had a future.
Paul W. Smith
Math Looks The Same In The Brains Of Boys And Girls, Study Finds
"Why do boys seem to do better at math than girls well it's not their brains according to researchers at Carnegie Mellon University they study the brain imaging of children and found that development of the part of the brain most active in doing math are exactly the same and boys and
Planet Money
I Am Not A Robot: The Story of CAPTCHA
"Year two thousand everybody was signing up for Yahoo Email addresses. This was back before g mail and Yahoo mail was great. It was free. You could check your Email anywhere. But there was this one problem and a computer science grad student at Carnegie Mellon University became fixated on this problem. His name is Louis von on the problem was that there were people who in order to send spam from Yahoo accounts. They would obtain millions of Email accounts, literally, millions not not hundreds or thousands. But millions of fake Email accounts. Literally millions of fakey mill council this spammers who were signing up for millions of spam. Accounts weren't going to the yahu male page and just signing up for these accounts. One at a time. It wasn't like they were like the real Jacob Goldstein at Yahoo dot com. Jacob Goldstein ninety nine at Yahoo dot com. Jacob the barefoot dancer at Yahoo dot com. No spammers were writing simple, computer programs little bots that just kept filling out the Yahoo Email sign up form again and again and again day. Day and night and that would generate an army of Email accounts that could be used to sell fake Viagra or steal your Bank account information. Whatever Dow didn't know what to do about this. But Louis finan had an idea. So the idea was can we make test that distinguish between humans and computers, but also a test that is graded by the computer, if you've basically ever signed up for anything on the internet. You probably know the idea that Luis von Ahn came up with a picture of distorted letters and numbers, and then a little field below that picture where you type in the characters that you see, and we actually showed it to the the guy who was the chief scientists at Yahoo. Are he loved it? And within a few weeks. It was actually, you know in the registration flow of Email accounts at Yahoo. It was it was being used there. And we were super happy that they were just using it Lewis gave his little tested name was a long ridiculous name that made a short genius acronym. The long name was completely automated public turing test to tell computers and humans. Apart a train test is a famous old idea in computer science. It's a test where you try to tell if you're chatting with a computer or with a human being if a computer can consistently make you think it's a human being that is artificial intelligence, and this sort of turing test that Louis came up with it became huge. You may even know the acronym for this test capture capture capture has very compelling have show is a good name. Yeah. Because it's like capture them or Gotcha. Or something like that. Yeah. It was it was a good name, you know capture. Maybe you do not like capture and yet the twenty year history of capture is this window into a lot into artificial intelligence into digitizing millions of books also into a little cyber. Hello and welcome to planet money. I'm Jacob Goldstein. And I'm no L king. And I am not a robot. I'm not not not a robot. But if you were that's exactly what. Today on the show, a global decades-long work an internet that people actually use versus a spammy wasteland. It is computer versus computer. And in the end the computers are only gonna need us the humans to do. A little light data entry. Support for this podcast and the following message. Come from quip quip was designed to make brushing your teeth. Simple affordable and even enjoyable one of the first electric toothbrushes accepted by the American dental association. Quip has a built in two minute timer that pulses every thirty seconds to remind you to switch sides sensitive sonic, vibrations for healthier gums and a multi use cover for brushing on the go. Get your first refill pack for free at G E T Q U IP dot com slash planet. Money. If you're in debt, don't beat yourself up life happens. Forgive yourself. Life kit is ready with a shovel to help. You dig out of crushing debt when you know better you do better check out life kid and apple podcasts or NPR dot org slash life kit. I should say that Luis von Ahn was one of several people working on capture of like tests around the same time. So he's not the only person who came up with the idea that people develop their own captures. But Lewis and his colleagues are the ones who came up with the name and their version was the one that really took off when you bought tickets online when you signed up for your mice basic count pretty soon people were taking Louise's little test two hundred million times a day. It was protecting the world from scalpers and spammers and bots and the world, of course, responded with gratitude every time that I talked to somebody about about capture, you know, the first thing they would tell me is how annoying they are. So I started feeling fair fair. I started feeling partly responsible for these, you know, two hundred million times a day. And each time you type one of these you wasted about ten seconds of your time. So, you know, I started just thinking is there any way in which we can make good use of this these ten seconds. This was in the mid two thousand and at this moment, there is this push. Bush going on to digitize old books and all documents. And at the time it was easy enough to scan old pages old pieces of paper and put them online. But computers were still bad at turning those scanned pages into useful online documents if not searchable you cannot change the font size. You cannot. I mean, it's just a bunch of kind of somewhat crappy pictures. Yeah. So it occurred to me that you could take all of the words that the computer could not recognize and we get people to read them for us while they were typing captures on the internet up to this point Lewis has been giving capture away for free. But now he thinks people might pay to have their print archives digitized one capture at a time, and he is sitting on over half a million hours of free human Labor Day. So he starts a company called recapture, and he goes out looking for customers. And what happened was I was actually giving a talk somewhere. And I was fortunate that the at the time the guy who was the chief information officer for the New York Times was sitting in the audience. Okay. And he said, oh, you know, what we have this huge one hundred and thirty year old archive of old additions of the New York Times. So maybe we can maybe you can help us the New York Times ended up being recaptured first client now when you solve the caption next to a few random letters and numbers there. Was also a picture of a word from an old issue of the times the computers couldn't read when you typed in that word, you weren't just protecting the internet from spam? You're also helping to turn a hundred years of old newspapers into a searchable digital archive, and I have to say, I just love this sort of while you're doing one thing. You're also doing something else like deficiency of this. Like, it just it delights me, you know, it's like the old dream of writing your exercise bike to power the lights in your house or something which by the way Lewis told me when he was like eleven he had that dream, and then he like looked into it and realize oh, actually like a person, right? An exercise bike as a terrible way to generate power. As Lewis was getting recaptured going Google came out and announced they were starting to digitize every book like every single book in the world or something they sold. Lewis was doing for the times and in two thousand and nine Google bought recap show and started using it to help digitize books and then a few. Later. Google started using captured tests that showed pictures of addresses on the sides of buildings when we saw those captures we were making Google maps work better doing a little more work for Google, unpaid. So that is the end of Louise's capture story, but a little digression. He started a language company where people did online translation while they were learning the length which same like doing one thing actually doing other thing idea. This company became super popular it's called dual lingo, in fact, it got so popular that they got rid of the translation part. Now, it's just this app that millions of people use to learn languages. Okay. End of Louis end of digression. So now, it is the 'oughts and for a while capture is working the spammers are held at bay. And then someone figures out a work around. Shady businesses started showing up online and offering to break capture for anybody willing to pay. Chris Canaan is a computer scientist who started looking into these businesses around two thousand eight and it's one of. Those things like until you actually think oh, actually let's go seek this up. See how hard it is to find. You might think. Oh, this is some shady cybercriminals underground thing. But Nope, you can just Google for it, you could find a dozen of these services. Very competitively priced with all that stuff. Chris wanted to know like what's going on here? Like is it for real do these services work? So he and his colleagues decided to act like spammers. I mean, they didn't do the spam part. But they did more or less everything else. They built a bought. And this bought went around the web bumping into captures. And automatically every time the bought hit a capture test. It would send it off to one of these services that offers to solve captures for money, and what do those services do exactly they pay human beings to sit in front of computers all day long and solve one capture after another. So some person sitting in front of a computer gets a capture from Chris's bought solves the test in a couple of seconds sends it back to Chris's Bhatt, which enters the solution into a web page and boo. Yes, that is the plain vanilla version just to see like. Does this work? How long does it take? But Chris and his colleagues also had some other questions they wanted to answer. So they did something else they made up their own captured tests to send out to the solvers. Some of those tests are said what time is it and the answer to those tests told them what time zone the people salting the test lived in. They'll wanted to know what languages the solver spoke. So they made captures with weird instructions in lots of different languages Chinese Spanish Italian Tagalog Portuguese Russian, Tamil Dutch, Hindi German Malay Vietnamese Korean Greek Arabic Bengali Canada Klingon in Farsi. I'm sorry. What was the one before? I see Klingon Klingon the made up language from Star Trek maiden. Of course, not. But they did it because they wanted to just like sort of push these services like how far will these capture solvers go. There's no way they're going to be able to answer this. But the answers we saw showed us. I think we got something like a one percent accuracy rate. But it. Was on something that was so incredibly long of a question that it couldn't have been right by chance. So presumably one of these capture solvers recognized that this was Klingon either new Klingon just because at the no or looked it up online. When was actually able to successfully solve this capture. That was written in Klingon you found the greatest capture solver on earth. Yes. Based on this part of the study, not the Klingon part put the languages and the time zones. They figure out that a lot of people seem to be doing this work in Russia, China and India, and they realize this is a huge industry. People have started calling it capture farming, and it is basically human beings opening the capture gates for an army of bots and capture farms work, usually they were right, usually they were very fast. So that so the services were legit. I mean, they were potentially illegal. But they did the thing that they said they were doing correct. Yeah. One of the most interesting things about cybercrime as a marketplace. Is that it works like any other like business to business type marketplace, your reputation is really important there. You're not gonna keep your capture solving business in business, unless you're actually solving those captures and how much did it cost one US dollar per thousand captures solved so incredibly incredibly inexpensive. But this is a task that takes a typical human, you know, about fifteen twenty seconds. Yes. But God, I mean, you really. Feel for the people doing the work. Yes. So if you are spam or these workers will solve captures for you around the clock for a tenth of a penny per thousand that price is obviously like mind breaking low, but it is still not zero. And it is still enough to weed out a lot of people it weeds out people who are just trolls making spam. Accounts for fun and people who are just posting garbage comments on million garbage websites hoping to sell a few extra dollars worth of garbage products. So even with the capture farms catches still are working to block a lot of people. But what would happen if you could teach a computer to solve the captures then you wouldn't need the farms and the farmers anymore. The price would go to zero and the spammers could go wild.