Dr. Robert Lustig is professor emeritus of pediatrics, division of endocrinology at the University of California, San Francisco. He specializes in the field of neuroendocrinology with an emphasis on the regulation of energy balance by the central nervous system. His research in clinical practice has focused on childhood obesity and diabetes. Dr. Lustig holds a bachelor's in science degree from MIT, a doctorate in medicine from Cornell Medical College and a master's of studies in law from UC Hastings College of Law. Dr. Lustig has fostered a global discussion of metabolic health and nutrition exposing some of the leading myths that underlie the current pandemic of diet -related disease. He believes the food business by pushing processed food loaded with sugar has hacked our bodies and minds to pursue pleasure instead of happiness, fostering today's epidemics of addiction and depression. By focusing on real food, we can beat the odds against sugar, processed food, obesity and disease. And you wrote a couple of books. One is Fat Chance and it's a New York Times and the bestsellers list and the latest one Metabolical, I have read and formed my questions and I have a lot of quotes for you and ask you to address them. Actually it's not really a... You might you might also mention the third book and the reason is because we're talking about addiction and I wrote a book that's pretty much all about addiction and depression and that is The Hacking of the American Mind which really is about diet and mental health and so this is a book that your audience may very much appreciate. Good, wonderful and I would love to have you back and maybe talk about that one and Fat Chance. So yeah we'd love to have you back. I know Esther would agree. You explain that the book Metabolic, it's not really a word Metabolical but but it's a combination of Metabolic and Diabolical and what is going on is Metabolical. Your YouTube video, Sugar the Bitter Truth, has gone viral with over 24 million views and this is the truth. This is, these are the studies that back it up. I'm a believer. We're gonna talk about big food, big pharma, medical industry and the government which are all contributing to this and I told Esther when we decided who to invite I said I want to invite Rob. I've followed you, I've listened to your your videos, you're brilliant and you're bold. You speak the truth and which is based on science and data. Yeah let's start by talking about your work and why you decided to write this book. First of all, you know I didn't come at this with an agenda. I'm a pediatric neuroendocrinologist. I started out taking care of kids with brain tumors and it turns out that a lot of kids with brain tumors become massively obese and I had to deal with the obesity. As I researched that phenomenon which is called hypothalamic obesity, I realized that the same physiology that was causing patients these obesity was actually important in general obesity not related to brain tumors. The hormone insulin, okay, is you know the diabetes hormone. Everybody knows that you know you have to take insulin if you have diabetes to lower your blood sugar. Well where does the blood sugar go with because of the insulin? The answer is it goes to your fat. Insulin is the energy storage hormone and we started realizing that pretty much everybody with obesity had an insulin problem and actually those with the highest insulin problems also had all of these other diseases like for instance polycystic ovarian disease, fatty liver disease, cancer, dementia, gout, hypertension. It turned out we realized that insulin was the bad guy in the story and so then the question was what makes insulin go up in people that don't have brain tumors and the answer was sugar and so you know that's how I got into this and you know basically I've been trying to explain you know the vicissitudes of the American diet you know to the public ever since and explaining that you know there is no pill for this. You know the only way to get insulin down is get rid of the refined carbohydrate and sugar.