Last summer's floods in Pakistan killed more than 17,000 people, and displaced around 8 million. The flooding was caused by record monsoon rains and melting glaciers, and it was so bad that the waters are still receding. Doctor Aisha sadika is a research associate at soas the South Asia institute. Ayesha, this was clearly caused by global warming, yet Pakistanis responsible for less than 1% of global greenhouse gas emissions. It's one of the countries most vulnerable to climate catastrophe caused by global warming. We'll get into the financial pledges in a minute. But how can the international community help Pakistan avoid these sorts of disasters from occurring in the first place? Well the international community to start with mistake responsibility and beware, very careful with the missions. And I think this is something we shall need to be done at a global scale. Not at not in a regional or a local level. The other thing is, of course, teaching Pakistan helping Pakistan to administer the aid whenever it comes and also help it build structures inside. And then I'm talking about management structures. In order to ensure that when there are floods, again, because this is not this was not a freak event. The flood this year last year is going to be more floods because climate is changing Pakistan is a place where which has one of the largest number of glaciers. So it is in the, you know, it remains threatened in the future as well. So how does there is a lot of hand holding which needs to be done. So it's going to cost an estimated $16.3 billion to recover from this. And of course, that won't bring back the lives lost. But there has been an outpouring of donations from the international community raising half the amount needed. This was announced at a climate conference in Geneva with the help of the UN. Who are the biggest donors then to Pakistan? See, if you look at the Visa pledges, by the way, it is not the money needs to kind of come to Pakistan. These are pledges. And most of the money has been given by World Bank by Asian development bank, et cetera. There is Germany, which has given 88 million. Britain has given, I